BİR OTOMOBİL DİZEL MOTORUNDA EMME HAVASINA SU EKLENMESİNİN YANMA PARAMETRELERİ VE ENERJİ DENGESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN DENEYSEL İNCELENMESİ VE YANMA SÜRESİ İÇİN AMPİRİK BAĞINTI GELİŞTİRME

Öz

Sunulan çalışmada; bir otomobil dizel motorunda emme havasına su eklenmesinin (EHSE) silindir basıncı, silindir sıcaklığı, açığa çıkan ısı oranı değerleri, enerji dengesi ve yanma süresi üzerindeki etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, açığa çıkan ısı oranı eğrilerinden hesaplanan yanma süreleri için çoklu eğri uydurma yöntemi kullanılarak ampirik bir bağıntı geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağıntı geliştirilirken, farklı yükler altında (2000, 2500, 3000, 3500 ve 4000) d/d devir sayılarında ve % (2, 4, 6, 8, ve 10) su oranlarında yapılan deneysel veriler kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonunda, EHSE’nin silindir basınçlarını (2000, 2500 ve 3500) d/d devir sayılarında artırdığı ve (3000 ve 4000) d/d devir sayılarında azalttığı ve maksimum basınçların üst ölü noktaya (ÜÖN’ye) daha yakın krank mili açılarında (KMA) oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. EHSE’nin silindir sıcaklıklarını (2000, 2500 ve 3000) d/d devir sayılarında azalttığı ve (3500 ve 4000) d/d devir sayılarında arttırdığı ve maksimum sıcaklıkların ÜÖN’ye daha yakın krank mili açılarında oluştuğu görülmüştür. EHSE ile açığa çıkan ısı oranı değerleri (2000, 2500, 3500 ve 4000) d/d sayılarında azalmış, ancak 3000 d/d devir sayısında artmıştır. EHSE ile, yanma süresi tam yük altında seçilen tüm çalışma koşullarında genel olarak azalmıştır. Örneğin 2000 d/d devir sayısında, saf dizel yakıtı ve % (2.42, 4.22, 5.95, 8.32, 9.46) su oranlarında yanma süreleri (13.10, 12.96, 12.93, 12.68, 12.95, and 13.576) KMA şeklinde hesaplanmıştır. EHSE ile, motorda harcanan yakıtın kimyasal enerjisine göre değerlendirme yapıldığında efektif gücün 2000 d/d devir sayısında genellikle azaldığı ancak 4000 d/d devir sayısında arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dizel motorları
• Emme havasına su eklenmesi
• Açığa çıkan ısı oranı
• Yanma süresi
• Enerji dengesi

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF WATER ADDITION INTO THE INTAKE AIR ON COMBUSTION PARAMETERS, ENERGY BALANCE AND DEVELOPING AN EMPIRICAL COMBUSTION DURATION RELATION IN AUTOMOBILE DIESEL ENGINE

Öz

The effect of the water addition into the intake air (WAIA) on cylinder pressure, temperature, heat release rate (HRR), combustion duration (CD), and energy balance in an automotive diesel engine have been investigated experimentally. Also, an empirical correlation has been developed for estimating CD using the HRR. This relation has been developed by applying the multiple curve fitting method, taking into account experimental results for different water ratios such as (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) %, different engine loads, and different engine speeds such as (2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, and 4000) rpms. The test results showed that cylinder pressure values generally increased at (2000, 2500, and 3500) rpm, but they decreased at (3000 and 4000) rpm for all of the selected water ratios. Also, maximum cylinder temperature values have occurred at crank angles farther from TDC for WAIA. Cylinder temperature values mostly decreased at (2000, 2500, and 3000) rpms, but they generally increased at (3500 and 4000) rpms for WAIA. Also, maximum cylinder temperature values were occurred at crank angles farther from TDC for WAIA. HRR values generally decreased at (2000, 2500, 3500, and 4000) rpms, but they generally increased at 3000 rpm. It has been determined that the CDs were generally shortened at all of the engine speeds under full loads with water addition. CD values for NDF and (2.42, 4.22, 5.95, 8.32, 9.46) % water ratios have been determined as (13.10, 12.96, 12.93, 12.68, 12.95, and 13.576) °CA, respectively, at 2000 rpm. The effective power values according to the chemical energy of the fuel generally decrease with WAIA at 2000 rpm. However, the effective power values according to the chemical energy of the fuel increase for high WRs at 4000 rpm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diesel engines
• Water addition into the intake air
• Heat release rate
• Combustion duration
• Energy balance

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