Binalarda Yenilenebilir Isı ve Elektrik Enerjisi için PV/T Sistem Uygulaması: Performans ve Tekno-Ekonomik Analiz

Öz

Konut yapılarında elektrik ve termal enerji yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu ihtiyaçların farklı sistemlerle karşılanması, verimlilik kaybına ve yatırım kararlarının alınmasında kritik önem taşıyan ilk yatırım maliyetinin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle ev kullanıcılarının ekonomik yükünü azaltmak için fotovoltaik termal (PV/T) sistemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede PV/T sistemin performansının belirlenmesi ve anlık elektriksel ve ısıl verim dikkate alınarak ekonomik bir analiz yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Sistemi ekonomik olarak değerlendirmek için net bugünkü değer (NPV), geri ödeme süresi (PBP) ve seviyelendirilmiş enerji maliyeti (LCOE) değerleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın yeniliği PV/T kollektörlerin verimliliği, ana su sıcaklığının yanı sıra ortam sıcaklığı da dikkate alınmış ve saatlik bazda hesaplanan verim değerleri alınarak üretilecek ısı ve elektrik enerjisi hesaplanmıştır. . Ayrıca tüm sistemin kayıpları ve yıllık bozulmaları da hesaplamaya dahil edmiştir. 25 yıllık sistem yaşam süresi boyunca 8,96 m2 proje büyüklüğü için LCOE, NPV, PBP, ortalama elektrik ve ısıl verimler sırasıyla 0,0911 €/kWh, 2718,5 €, 6 yıl, %14,7 ve %62,3 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fotovoltaik/termal sistem
• tekno-ekonomik analiz
• yenilenebilir ısıtma ve elektrik enerjisi
• performans analizi

PV/T System Application for Renewable Heat and Electric Energy in Buildings: Performance and Techno-Economic Analysis

Öz

Electricity and thermal energy are used extensively in residential buildings. Meeting these needs with different systems cause loss of efficiency, and an increase initial investment cost which are critical when making investment decisions. Therefore, photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) systems are used to reduce the economic burden of home users. In this article, it is aimed to determine the performance of the PV/T system and to make an economic analysis by considering the instantaneous electrical and thermal efficiency. Net present value (NPV), payback period (PBP) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) values were used to evaluate the system economically. The novelty of this study is the efficiency of the PV/T collectors, the ambient temperature as well as the main water temperature was taken into consideration and the heat and electrical energy to be produced were calculated by taking the efficiency values calculated on an hourly basis. Also, the losses and the annual degradation of the entire system are included in the calculation. As a result of the analyses, the LCOE, NPV, PBP, average electrical and thermal efficiencies were found as 0.0911 €/kWh, 2718.5 €, 6 years, 14.7% and 62.3%, respectively, for a project size of 8.96 m2 in a 25-year life cycle.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• photovoltaic/thermal system
• techno-economic analysis
• renewable heating and electricity
• performance analysis
• degradation rate

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