ÇİFT YAKITLA ÇALIŞTIRILAN BİR OHDE DIZEL MOTORDA YANMA KARARLILIĞI ÜZERİNE PİSTON KAPLAMANIN ETKİLERİ

Öz

Dizel motorlarda yanma kararlılığı çevrimden çevrime değişimlerle belirlenir. Bu çalışmada, farklı yükler altında gaz karışımlarıyla çalıştırılan bir dizel motorda çevrimden çevrime yanma davranışları üzerine piston kaplamanın ve motor yükünün etkileri araştırılmıştır. 1750 d/d’lık sabit bir devirde, çift-yakıt ve dizel çalışma şartlarında kaplamalı ve kaplamasız piston testleri 50, 75 ve 100 Nm’lik üç motor yükü altında yapılmıştır. Piston çanağı 0.4 mm kalınlıkta yttria stabilize zirkonya ile kaplanmıştır. Çift-yakıt modu %80 CH4, %10 CO2 ve %10 H2 karışımdan oluşan hidrojenle zenginleştirilmiş sentetik biyogazdır. Ana yanma parametreleri (krank açısına göre silindir basıncı, pik silindir basıncı (Pmaks), pik basınç artış oranı (BAOmaks), ortalama indike basınç (OIB), KA10, KA50, KA90 ve KA10-90 süresi) çevrimsel açıdan ele alınmıştır. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki; piston kaplama ana yanma parametrelerinin çevrimsel değişim katsayısı (ÇDK) ve standart sapma (SS) değerlerini azaltmada, özellikle düşük ve orta yüklerde oldukça etkindir. SS, frekans dağılımı ve CPmaks ile OIB için ÇDK değerleri 75 Nm’lik orta yükte oldukça iyidir. Ayrıca, tüm yüklerde piston kaplama krank açısına göre silindir basıncının ÇDK değerlerini de azaltmıştır. Motor yükü artarken, dizel ve çift-yakıt çalışmalarında Pmaks ve BAOmaks için çevrimsel değerler artış göstermiş ve daha erken oluşmuştur. Piston kaplama ve motor yüküyle, KA10 ve KA50 parametrelerinin çevrimsel değişimleri küçük mertebelerde iken KA90 parametresinin çevrimsel değişimleri önemli orandadır. Sonuçta, KA10-90 süresi piston kaplama ve motor yüküyle birlikte önemli oranda değişmiştir. Ana yanma parametreleri arasındaki en büyük ilişki her iki piston için Pmaks ve BAOmaks arasında olmuştur. Çift-yakıt modunda, düşük yükte OIB ve Pmaks arasında güçlü bir ilişki ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Piston çanağı kaplama
• çevrimsel değişimler
• Ortak-hat direkt enjeksiyon (OHDE) dizel motor
• biyogaz

EFFECTS OF PISTON COATING ON COMBUSTION STABILITY IN A CRDI DIESEL ENGINE RUN UNDER DUAL-FUEL MODE

Öz

Combustion stability in diesel engines is defined by cycle-to-cycle variations. In this study, effects of piston coating and engine load on cycle-to-cycle combustion behavior were investigated in a diesel engine operated on gaseous fuel mixture at different loads. Coated and uncoated piston tests under dual-fuel and single diesel modes were performed at three different loads including 50 Nm, 75 Nm, and 100 Nm at a constant speed of 1750 rpm. The piston bowls were coated by %8 yttria stabilized zirconia with the thickness of 0.4 mm. Dual-fuel mode is consisted of mixture of hydrogen enriched synthetic biogas, with the percentage of 80% CH4, 10% CO2, and 10% H2. Main combustion parameters (cylinder pressure with crank angle, peak cylinder pressure (CPmax), peak pressure rise rate (PRRmax), indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), CA10, CA50, CA90, and CA10-90 duration) were addressed in view of cyclic aspects. The results showed that the piston coating was comparatively more effective in reducing the coefficient of variation (COV) and standard deviation (SD) values of main combustion parameters, especially at low and medium loads. SD, frequency distribution, and COVs of CPmax and IMEP were quite better at a medium test load of 75 Nm. The piston coating also reduced COV of CP with crank angle under all tests. As increasing the engine load, cyclic samples of CPmax and PRRmax enhanced and advanced for both diesel and dual-fuel modes. By the piston coating and engine loads, Cyclic CA10 and CA50 variations were slightly affected whereas cyclic CA90 were tremendously changed. Therefore, CA10-90 period was importantly affected by piston coating and load. The highest relationship among the main combustion parameters was between CPmax and PRRmax for both piston cases. In dual-fuel mode, a strong relationship emerged between IMEP and CPmax at low load.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Piston bowl coating
• cycle-to-cycle variations
• Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engine
• biogas

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