Disiplinlerarası Kişilik Profillerinin Temel Finansal Davranışlar Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Öz

Çalışma, psikodinamik nesne ilişkileri bağlamında kişilik konumları, psikolojik kişilik tipleri ve burçların kişilik özellikleri ile temel finansal davranışlar arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Melanie Klein’in paranoid-şizoid ve depresif konumları, Myers-Briggs’in 16 kişilik tipi ile 12 burç üzerinden tanımlanan kişilik özellikleri kullanılarak insanların kişilik profillerine yönelik üç farklı zeminde bir betimleme yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri doğrudan kişilere sorularak değil, daha objektif bulgulara ulaşmak adına ve tutum ve algıların elimine edilmesini sağlamak amaçlı olarak vekil yanıtlama şeklinde toplanmıştır. Temel finansal davranışlara ilişkin doğrudan yanıtların elde edilebilmesini kolaylaştırmak ve mnemik bir çağrışım yapabilmek ve bu sayede kişinin karakterinin kontürlerini belirgin hale getirebilmek amacıyla burçlar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular kişilik profillerine ilişkin üç farklı zeminde karmaşıklık göstermekle birlikte bireylerin narsisistik nesne ilişkilerinin dikkat çekici biçimde bireylerin kendi şizoid pozisyonlarından daha öncelikli olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Bireylerin kendileri, empatik ilişkileri veya alturizmleri ile rasyonalite arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiş olmasına rağmen narsisizmin karmaşık sonuçlar verdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca Myers-Briggs kişilik tiplerindeki temel ayrım olan içe dönüklük-dışa dönüklük başlıklarının da anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmesini kolaylaştırdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Burçlar ile ilgili ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ancak kurgusal olarak anlamsız sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kişilik Tipleri
• Burçlar
• Finansal Davranış

Examination of Interdisciplinary Personality Profiles in Context of Financial Behaviors

Abstract

The study is based on examining the relationship between personality positions in the context of psychodynamic object relations, psychological personality types and personality traits of horoscopes and basic financial behaviors. By using Melanie Klein's paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions, Myers-Briggs' 16 personality types and personality traits defined through 12 zodiac signs, a description of people's personality profiles was made on three different grounds. Not by asking people directly, the data of the study were collected in the form of proxy reports in order to reach more objective findings and to eliminate attitudes and perceptions. Horoscopes were included in the study, so that a mnemic connotation could be made in the minds of the proxies and the contours of the characters of the persons could be made more prominent, thus making it easier to obtain direct answers to basic financial behaviors. Although the findings show complexity on three different grounds regarding personality profiles, these strikingly point out that individuals' narcissistic object relations take precedence over their own schizoid positions. Because although there is a significant difference between individuals themselves, their empathic relationships or altruism and rationality, as constructed within the framework of this study, it is understood that narcissism yields complex results. In addition, it is understood that it facilitates the detection of a significant difference in the introversion-extraversion dichotomy, which is the main distinction in Myers-Briggs personality types. Regarding horoscopes, statistically significant but logically meaningless results were obtained.

Keywords

• Personality Types
• Horoscope
• Financial Behavior

Kaynakça

1. Ahmad, N., Nafees, B., & Majid, S. (2020). Role of Personality and Psychological Attributes of Financial. Global Social Sciences Review, 5(4), 160-168.
2. Andersson, O., Holm, H. J., Tyran, J. R., & Wengström, E. (2016). Deciding for others reduces loss aversion. Management Science, 62(1), 29-36.
3. Baum, N. (2006). A Kleinian perspective on the divorce process: From the paranoid-schizoid to the depressive position. Clinical Social Work Journal, 34(3), 279-292.
4. Belcher, L. J. (2005). Myers Briggs Type and Financial Risk Taking in College Students. Consumer Interests Annual, 51, 195-204.
5. Boyle, G. J. (1995). Myers‐Briggs type indicator (MBTI): some psychometric limitations. Australian Psychologist, 30(1), 71-74.
6. Brownfield, K. M. (1993). The Relationship between the Myers-Briggs Personality Types and Learning Styles.
7. Buboltz Jr, W. C., Johnson, P., Nichols, C., Miller, M. A., & Thomas, A. (2000). MBTI personality types and SII personal style scales. Journal of Career Assessment, 8(2), 131-145.
8. Carlson, J. G. (1985). Recent Assessments of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(4), 356-365.

9. Carlson, J. G. (1989). Affirmative: in support of researching the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator. Journal of Counseling & Development, 67(8), 484-486.
10. Cervellati, E. M. (2017). The importance of investors’ personality in financial education. Challenges in ensuring financial competencies, 77-87.
11. Çakır, İ., & Bilge, Y. (2020). Şizoid kişilik bozukluğu etiyolojisi üzerine bir derleme. Güncel psikoloji araştırmaları.
12. Çelik, D. (1994). Astroloji el kitabı. Star Yaprak.
13. de Saint-Germain, C. C. (1901). Practical Astrology: A Simple Method of Casting Horoscopes - The Language of the Stars. Chicago: Laird & Lee Publishers.
14. Desmoulins-Lebeault, F., Gajewski, J. F., & Meunier, L. (2018). Personality and risk aversion. Economics Bulletin, 38(1), 472-489.
15. Dhaoui, A., & Bensalah, N. (2017). Asset valuation impact of investor sentiment: A revised Fama–French five-factor model. Journal of Asset Management, 18(1), 16-28.
16. Drower, E. S. (1949). The Book of the Zodiac. London: Royal Asiatic Society.
17. Filbeck, G., Hatfield, P., & Horvath, P. (2005). Risk aversion and personality type. The Journal of Behavioral Finance, 6(4), 170-180.
18. Frantz, A., de Faria Olivo, R. L., Sales, G. A., & Silva, F. (2021). Toward enhanced excellence in Brazilian investment firms: the role of investors' personality assessment tools. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 856-877.
19. Fretwell, C. E., Lewis, C. C., & Hannay, M. (2013). Myers-briggs type indicator, A/B personality types, and locus of control: where do they intersect? American Journal of Management, 13(3), 57-66.
20. Freud, S. (1914c). 'On Narcissism: An Introduction' in The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud.Vol.14. London,: Hogarth Press, 1957.
21. Furnham, A. (1996). The big five versus the big four: the relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and NEO-PI five factor model of personality. Personality and individual differences, 21(2), 303-307.
22. Furnham, A., & Crump, J. (2005). Personality traits, types, and disorders: an examination of the relationship between three self‐report measures. European Journal of Personality, 19(3), 167-184.
23. Furnham, A., Moutafi, J., & Crump, J. (2003). The relationship between the revised NEO-personality inventory and the Myers-Briggs type indicator. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 31(6), 577-584.
24. Füllbrunn, S. C., & Luhan, W. J. (2017). Decision making for others: The case of loss aversion. Economics Letters, 161, 154-156.
25. Gakhar, D. V., & Prakash, D. (2017). Investment Behaviour: A Study of Relationship between Investor Biases and Myers Briggs Type Indicator Personality. Opus: HR Journal, 8(1), 32-60.
26. Hirsh, S., & Kummerow, J. (1997). Life types: Understanding yourself and make the most of who you are. New York: Warner Books.
27. Honaker, S. L. (2003). True colors™: new implications from convergent validity research with the Myers-Briggs type indicator. In National Career Development Conference (Vol. 27).
28. İlhan, B. (2004). Astroloji Dersleri. (A. Aksoy, Dü.) İlhan Yayınevi ve Danışmanlık.
29. Insler, M., Compton, J., & Schmitt, P. (2016). The investment decisions of young adults under relaxed borrowing constraints. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 64, 106-121.
30. Kamal, A., & Radhakrishnan, S. (2019). Individual learning preferences based on personality traits in an E-learning scenario. Education and Information Technologies, 24(1), 407-435.
31. Klein, M. (2020). Haset ve Şükran. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
32. Leo, A. (2003). How to Judge a Nativity . 1912. Kessinger Publishing.
33. Liu, H., Wang, L., Yao, M., Yang, H., & Wang, D. (2017). Self‐other decision‐making differences in loss aversion: A regulatory focus perspective. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47(2), 90-98.
34. MacDonald, D. A., Anderson, P. E., Tsagarakis, C. I., & Holland, C. J. (1994). Examination of the relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological Reports, 74(1), 339-344.
35. McCrae, R. R., & Costa Jr, P. T. (1989). Reinterpreting the Myers‐Briggs type indicator from the perspective of the five‐factor model of personality. Journal of personality, 57(1), 17-40.
36. Mehtab, F. (2019). MBTI personality types and risk perception of investors in India. Seshadripuram Journal of Social Sciences, 2(1), 30-43.
37. Mehtab, M. F., & Nagaraj, H. (2019). Personality Traits And Loss Aversion Bias of Indian Investors. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 6(2), 15-19.
38. Michael, J. (2003). Using the Myers-Briggs type indicator as a tool for leadership development? Apply with caution. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10(1), 68-81.
39. Murray, J. B. (1990). Review of research on the Myers-Briggs type indicator. Perceptual and Motor skills, 70(3), 1187-1202.
40. Noël, N. M., Michaels, C., & Levas, M. G. (2003). The relationship of personality traits and self-monitoring behavior to choose of business major. Journal of education for business, 78(3), 153-157.
41. Opt, S. K., & Loffredo, D. A. (2003). Communicator Image and Myers—Briggs Type Indicator Extraversion—Introversion. The Journal of psychology, 137(6), 560-568.
42. Orion, R. (2007). Astrology For Dummies, 2nd Edition. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing, Inc.
43. Özkan, B., Benli, T., & Kızgın, Y. (2013). Is there any impact of horoscopes on luxury consumption trends? Business Management Dynamics, 69-83.
44. Parsaeemehr, M., Rezeai, F., & Sedera, D. (2013). Personality type of investors and perception of financial information to make decisions. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 3(3), 283-293.
45. Pittenger, D. J. (1993). Measuring the MBTI… and coming up short. Journal of Career Planning and Employment, 54(1), 48-52.
46. Polman, E. (2012). Self–other decision making and loss aversion. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 119(2), 141-150.
47. Pompian, M. M., & Longo, J. M. (2004). A new paradigm for practical application of behavioral finance: creating investment programs based on personality type and gender to produce better investment outcomes. The Journal of Wealth Management, 7(2), 9-15.
48. Rinaldi, E. E. (2017). Gender differences in financial literacy in Italy. Challenges in ensuring financial competencies, 89-95.
49. Roth, P. (2001). The paranoid-schizoid position. C. Bronstein içinde, Kleinian theory: A contemporary perspective (s. 32-46). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
50. Segal, H. (2018). Introduction to the work of Melanie Klein. Routledge.
51. Smith, R. C., & Palmer, J. (1828). A Manual of Astrology, Or The Book of the Stars: Which Contains Every Requisite Illustration of the Celestial Science; Or the Art of Foretelling Future Events, by the Influences of the Heavenly Bodies. London: T. Tegg and son.
52. Sprague, M. M. (1997). Personality type matching and student teacher evaluation. Contemporary Education, 69(1), 54.
53. Şamandar, Ö., & Çömlekçi, İ. (2019). Kişilik Tiplerinin Davranışsal Finans Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(2), 557-575.
54. Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson.
55. Theil, K., Hovy, D., & Stuckenschmidt, H. (2022). Top-Down Influence? Predicting CEO Personality and Risk Impact from Speech Transcripts. arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.07670.
56. Tyagi, A. (2008). Personality profiles identification using MBTI test for management students: An empirical study. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 34(1), 151-162.
57. Williams, R. L., V. J., Price, D. E., & Layne, B. H. (1995). Relationship of self-management to personality types and indices. Journal of personality assessment, 64(3), 494-506.
58. Woolfolk, J. M. (2012). The Only Astrology Book You'll Ever Need. Taylor Trade Publications.
59. Zarafshani, K., Cano, J., Sharafi, L., Rajabi, S., & Sulaimani, A. (2011). Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI®) in the teaching of entrepreneurial skills at an Iranian University. NACTA Journal, 55(4), 14-22.