SİYASİ KATILIMI CİDDİYE ALMAK: FAS’TA İSLAMİ HAREKETLER

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 1 - 19, 22.12.2023

Fatih Muslu

Öz

İslami hareketlerin siyasi parti kurarak resmi siyasetin parçası olması önemli bir tartışma konusudur. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar meselenin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. İslam ve demokrasi tartışmalarının kısır döngüsü içine sıkıştırılan ve otoriter yönetimler tarafından yasaklanan İslami hareketlerin siyasi açılımlar/fırsatlar karşısındaki pozisyonlar üzerine bir tartışma yürütmek faydalıdır. Bu durum aynı kurumsal ve siyasi şartlar göz önüne alındığında daha ilginç bir hal almaktadır. Mevcut çalışmanın temel sorusu neden aynı siyasi ve kurumsal fırsat ortamlarında İslami hareketler resmi siyasete katılım noktasında birbirinden farklı davranışlar ürettiği yönündedir. Bu kapsamda Fas önemli bir örnektir. Fas’ta Tevhid ve Islah Hareketi ile Adalet ve İhsan Hareketi siyasi fırsat ortamlarında resmi siyasete katılım noktasında birbirinden ayrılan davranışlar üretmiştir. Tevhid ve Islah Hareketi Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi ile ülke siyasetinin önemli bir aktörü haline gelirken Adalet ve İhsan Hareketi ise parti kurmaktan ısrarla kaçınarak resmi siyasetin dışında kalmayı tercih etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklılığı açıklamak için yapısal şartların yanında her iki hareketin iç yapısına bakılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Siyasi Katılım, İslami Hareketler, Resmi Siyaset, Fas

Kaynakça

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