The Growth Impact of Human Development: A Developed- and Developing-Country Comparison

Yıl 2022, , 81 - 104, 30.06.2022

Funda Sezgin , Yunus Budak

https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2021-1070420

Öz

Although development is a multi-directional economic variable, its most important aspect is growth: the increase in production and per capita income. It also is marks the economic, cultural, social, and political progress of societies. Although variables such as poverty, income distribution, employment, and the ability to meet basic needs are now more focused issues, this concept has become an important development issue not only from a single economic point of view, but also with its human dimensions. Man is at the center of development; thus, the human development index obtained by combining indicators such as education, health, and income levels are among the most important factors of human life. This is also an important measurement tool for measuring individual quality of life. This study compared two groups of countries by determining the relationship of the human development index of developed and developing countries with growth through panel regression analysis. According to the analysis, when the human development index increases by 1 unit for developed countries, growth ncreases by 38.7%. For developing countries, when the human development index increases by 1 unit, growth increases by 17.4%. Thus, the contribution of human development to growth is higher in developed countries than developing countries. Therefore, it is important that developing countries implement policies quickly to increase human development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human development, growth, panel data analysis

İnsani Gelişmişliğin Büyüme Etkisi: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Karşılaştırması

Öz

Gelişme çok yönlü bir iktisadi değişken olmakla birlikte, en önemli gerçekliği üretimin ve kişi başına gelirin artmasıdır. Bununla birlikte toplumların bir bütün olarak iktisadi, kültürel, sosyal ve politik anlamda ilerlemesidir. Yoksulluk, gelir dağılımı, istihdam, temel ihtiyaçların karşılanabilmesi gibi değişkenler artık daha fazla üzerinde durulmuş konular olmakla birlikte, bu kavram tek düze ekonomik bakış açısı ile değil, insani boyutlarıyla da önemli bir kalkınma konusu olmuştur. Gelişmenin merkezinde insan vardır; bu açıdan insan yaşamının en önemli faktörleri arasında olan eğitim, sağlık, gelir düzeyi gibi göstergelerin bir araya gelmesiyle elde edilen insani gelişme endeksi; bireylerin yaşam kalitelerini ölçmek için genel-geçer önemli bir ölçüm aracıdır. İnsani gelişme endeksi, ülkelerin birbirleri ile gelişme açısından karşılaştırılması ve bilimsel ölçüt açısından daha tarafsız bilgiler elde edilmesine olanak sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin insani gelişme endeksinin büyüme ile ilişkisini panel regresyon analizi ile belirleyerek iki ülke grubunu karşılaştırmaktır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen veriler ışığında gelişmiş ülkeler için; insani gelişme endeksi 1 birim arttığında büyüme %38.7 oranında artış göstermektedir. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler için ise, insani gelişme endeksi 1 birim arttığında büyüme %17.4 oranında artış göstermektedir. Bu sonuca göre; insani gelişmişliğin büyümeye katkısı gelişmiş ülkelerde gelişmekte olan ülkelere kıyasla daha yüksek bir değerdedir. Bu açıdan gelişmekte olan ülkelerin insani gelişmişliğin arttırılmasına yönelik politikaları hızla hayata geçirmesi önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsani gelişmişlik, Büyüme, Panel veri analizi

Kaynakça

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