MODERN SLAVERY AND THE APPEARENCE OF MODERN SLAVERY

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 23 - 46, 01.08.2015

Mehmet Atilla Güler

Öz

Slavery is a concept that which it’s history lenghten to the beginning of the mankind.
Despite the slavery has been banned with theological approachs and legislative
regulations on historical process, it has never disappeared in fact. There are
a lot discussions about slavery has assumed a new structure during neo-liberal
globalization process nowadays. “Modern slavery” is the key concept of these
discussions. The aim of this study, tendering a theoretical framework for the concept
of modern slavery and interpreting this concept with the datas which have
been published by International Labour Organization, Human Rights Watch and
Walk Free Foundation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

slavery, modern slavery, forced labour, human trafficking

Modern Kölelik ve Modern Köleliğin Görünümleri

Öz

Kölelik, geçmişi insanlığın başlangıcına kadar uzanan bir kavramdır. Tarihsel
süreç içerisinde kölelik, gerek teolojik yaklaşımlarla ve gerekse de çeşitli yasal
düzenlemelerle yasaklanmışsa da hiçbir zaman ortadan kalkmamıştır. Günümüzde
köleliğin neo-liberal küreselleşme sürecinde geçmiştekinden farklı bir yapıya
büründüğüne dair ciddi tartışmalar söz konusudur. Bu tartışmaların anahtar kavramı
“modern kölelik”tir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, modern kölelik kavramına ilişkin
teorik bir çerçeve sunmak ve modern köleliği Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü, İnsan
Hakları İzleme Örgütü ve Özgür Yürü Vakfı tarafından yayınlanan verilerle yorumlamaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

kölelik, modern kölelik, zorla çalıştırma, insan ticareti

Kaynakça

• ANDROFF. K. David, “The problem of contemporary slavery: An international human rights challenge for social work”, International Social Work, vol.65, no.2, 2010/2, s.209-222.
• BALES. Kevin, Küresel Ekonomide Yeni Kölelik, Çitlembik Yayınları, İstanbul, 2002.
• BEGUM. Rothna, “For Migrant Workers, Shuttered Dreams”, 24 Ekim 2014 (http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/10/24/migrant-workers-shattered-dreams Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• Bilgi Üniversitesi İnsan Hakları Merkezi, Kölelik, Kadın Ticareti ve Fahişeliğin Önlenmesi, t.y.(http://insanhaklarimerkezi.bilgi.edu.tr/Books/khuku/kolelik_kadin_ticareti_ve_fahiseligin_onlenmesi/kolelik_kadin_ticareti_ve_fahiseligin_onlenmesi.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015)
• CLIFFORD. Cassandra, “Rape as a Weapon of War and it’s Long-term Effects on Victims and Society”, 7th Global Conference Violence and the Contexts of Hostility, 5-7 May 2008.
• CRANE. Andrew, “Modern Slavery As A Management Practice: Exploring The Conditions and Capabilities For Human Exploitation”, Academy of Management Review, vol.38, no.1, 2012/1, s.1-53.
• DAVIDSON. Julia O’Connell, “New slavery, old binaries: human trafficking and the borders of freedom”, Global Networks, vol.10, no.2, 2010/2, s.244-261.
• DAVIDSON. Julia O’Connell, “Troubling Freedom: migration, debt, and modern slavery”, Migration Studies, vol.1, no.1, 2013/1, s.1-20.
• FITZGIBBON. Kathleen, “Modern-Day Slavery?” African Security Review, vol.12, no.1, 2003/1, s.81-89.
• Human Rights Watch, “Democratic Republic of Congo: Ending Impunity for Sexual Violence” 10 Haziran 2014 (http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/06/10/democratic-republic-congo-ending-impunity-sexual-violence Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• Human Rights Watch, “Gulf Countries: Increase Migrant Worker Protection”, 23 Kasım 2014 (http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/11/23/gulf-countries-increasemigrant-worker-protection Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• Human Rights Watch, “Iraq: ISIS Escapees Describes Systematic Rape”, 14 Nisan 2015 (http://www.hrw.org/news/2015/04/14/iraq-isis-escapees-describesystematic-rape Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• Human Rights Watch, “ISIL’s Reign of Terror: Confronting the Growing Humanitarian Crisis in Iraq and Syria”, 9 Aralık 2014 (http://www.hrw.org/ news/2014/12/09/isil-s-reign-terror-confronting-growing-humanitarian-crisisiraq-and-syria-testimony Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• International Labour Office, ILO 2012 Global estimate of forced labour Executive summary, ILO Special Action Programme to Combat Forced Labour Publications, Geneva, 2012a.
• International Labour Office, Profits and Poverty: The Economics of Forced Labour, ILO Special Action Programme to Combat Forced Labour Publications, Geneva, 2014.
• MANTOUVALOU. Virginia, “Modern Slavery: The UK Response”, Industrial Law Journal, vol.39, no.4, 2010/4.
• MANZO. Kate, “Modern slavery, global capitalism & deproletarianisation in West Africa”, Review of African Political Economy, vol.32, no.106, 2005/12, s.521-534.
• Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission, “The Humanitarian and Human Rights Crisis in Iraq”, 12 Aralık 2014 (http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/12/12/humanitarian-and-human-rights-crisis-iraq-testimony-sarah-margon Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2015).
• Walk Free Foundation, The Global Slavery Index 2014, Walk Free Foundation Publications, Australia, 2014.