Urartu had significant rock-carving works, including a series of carvings on massive rock formations in various V-shaped, U-shaped, sickle-shaped, circular, and channel forms. Research has shown that these “signs” were not made randomly, but within a standard framework and according to certain measurements. These carvings were initially called “Monumental Rock Signs.” Although there are some other signs dated to the Hittite and Late Hittite periods that have been called rock signs in the literature, these more identifiable signs—which fit certain standards and consist of geometric shapes—appeared only in the first millennium. These signs are observed predominantly in the areas around the Lake Van basin; in other words, at sites within the Urartian region. On the one hand, this distribution suggests that almost all such rock signs emerged from Urartu; however, this type of rock carving also appears in certain areas within the land of the Phrygians (the western neighbors of Urartu), raising the question of the exact origins and interactions of these signs. This essay will discuss the interaction between these two regions within the framework of the rock signs found in the Urartian region and data from Hamamkaya and Zey Necropolis in the Phrygian region.
Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Archaeological Science |
Journal Section | Research Article |
Authors | |
Publication Date | January 14, 2025 |
Submission Date | July 22, 2024 |
Acceptance Date | November 27, 2024 |
Published in Issue | Year 2024 Issue: 31 |
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