Araştırma Makalesi

The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture

Sayı: 14 31 Temmuz 2020
  • Şakir Çakmak *
  • Siren Bora
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The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture

Öz

The Portugal Synagogue is one of the oldest synagogues in Izmir, built by the Portuguese Jews possibly in the 1630s, in the Ottoman Period. It is located within the Bazaar neighbourhood, one of the first places in Izmir where the Jewish community settled after the province was conquered by the Ottoman Empire. Being very close to the coast and the inner harbour, this area was very attractive for the Portuguese Jews as the majority of the community was engaged in trade. In addition, it seems that the Jewish Quarter of Izmir had evolved around the Portugal Synagogue in the Ottoman period. Probably due to the strong commercial activity in the area, the synagogue was located in the very centre of the city’s Jewish neighbourhood. The Portugal Synagogue witnessed disastrous fires (major ones in 1772 and 1841) and earthquakes (major ones in 1688 and 1778), and many historical events including Sabbatai Tsevi’s occupation of the synagogue. In the Turkish Republic Period, the synagogue was severely damaged by a fire in 1976 destroying the whole ceiling and all the woodwork. The building, which had mostly lost its authentic features in the fire and due to the interventions that followed, was restored in 2017-18 reviving the structure in its original form. The restoration works were carried out following a ground survey, in accordance with the layers under the existing plaster and by using evidence and information obtained from old photographs and from people who had seen the structure when it was still in use as a synagogue, including those who had once worked there. In this article, the historical and architectural features of Izmir Portugal Synagogue have been introduced in detail and have been given information about restoration works.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

The author received no grant support for this work.

Kaynakça

  1. Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (Ottoman Archives of the Prime Minister):
  2. Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA). Cevdet Adliye / Cevdet Judicial (C.ADL.) 101/6074, 29 Zilkade 1255 (3 Şubat 1840).
  3. Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi(BOA).Dahiliye Nezareti Emniyyet-i Umumiye Müdürlüğü Tahrirat Kalemi/The Ministry of the Interior General Directorate of Security, Correspondence Documents (DH.EUM.THR.) 101/19, 30 Ramadan 1330 (12 Eylül 1912).
  4. Sami Kohen Private Archive (Istanbul): Sami Kohen Private Archive (SKPA). La Boz de Türkiye, 15 Mai 1940.
  5. 15 Decembre 1940. 15 Janvier 1941. 1 Janvier 1942. 1 Octobre 1942. 11 Decembre 1942. 8 Mars 1943. 1 Mai 1943. 15 Juin 1943. 1 Decembre 1943. 15 Avril 1944. 1 Juin 1944. 15 Juin 1944. 1 Janvier 1945. 1 Octobre 1945. 1 Avril 1946. 1 Septembre 1947. 1 Aout 1948.
  6. Siren Bora Private Archive (Izmir): Siren Bora Private Archive (SBPA). One of the pages of the Psalms in the Book of Psalms (Tehillim) found under plaster on the synagogue walls.
  7. Siren Bora Private Archive (SBPA). The marble inscription found under plaster in the courtyard of the synagogue during the restoration.
  8. Bacher, Wilhelm and Lewis N. Dembitz. “Synagogue.” Jewish Encyclopedia. Accessed 11 August 2019. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/14160-synagogue. Barnay, Yaakov (יעקב ,ברנאי .

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Şakir Çakmak * Bu kişi benim
0000-0001-7317-3023
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Temmuz 2020

Gönderilme Tarihi

3 Nisan 2020

Kabul Tarihi

11 Temmuz 2020

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2020 Sayı: 14

Kaynak Göster

APA
Çakmak, Ş., & Bora, S. (2020). The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture. Art-Sanat, 14, 39-70. https://doi.org/10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003
AMA
1.Çakmak Ş, Bora S. The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture. Art-Sanat. 2020;(14):39-70. doi:10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003
Chicago
Çakmak, Şakir, ve Siren Bora. 2020. “The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture”. Art-Sanat, sy 14: 39-70. https://doi.org/10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003.
EndNote
Çakmak Ş, Bora S (01 Temmuz 2020) The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture. Art-Sanat 14 39–70.
IEEE
[1]Ş. Çakmak ve S. Bora, “The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture”, Art-Sanat, sy 14, ss. 39–70, Tem. 2020, doi: 10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003.
ISNAD
Çakmak, Şakir - Bora, Siren. “The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture”. Art-Sanat. 14 (01 Temmuz 2020): 39-70. https://doi.org/10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003.
JAMA
1.Çakmak Ş, Bora S. The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture. Art-Sanat. 2020;:39–70.
MLA
Çakmak, Şakir, ve Siren Bora. “The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture”. Art-Sanat, sy 14, Temmuz 2020, ss. 39-70, doi:10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003.
Vancouver
1.Şakir Çakmak, Siren Bora. The Portugal Synagogue: Ιn Light of Its History and Architecture. Art-Sanat. 01 Temmuz 2020;(14):39-70. doi:10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0003