Serbest Radikal Biyokimyasının Tarihsel Süreçteki Gelişimi

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4, 162 - 167, 19.07.2014

Ufuk Çakatay Refik Kayalı

Öz

Serbest radikallerin kimyasal olarak mevcudiyeti konusunda, yaklaşık 100 yıl önce bir sonuca ulaşılmakla birlikte, varlıkları ilk 30-40 yıl boyunca dünya çapında kabul görmemiştir. Serbest radikallerin biyolojik sistemlerdeki varlığı ve önemi 1950’lerin ortalarına kadar kabul görmese de, reaktif oksijen biyokimyasını kuran bir grup bilim adamının katkıları ile varlıkları ve önemleri aydınlatılmıştır. Yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısının büyük bir kısmında, reaktif oksijen türevlerine, doku hasarı ve hastalığına yol açan bir tür biyokimyasal “oksitleyici ajan” gözüyle bakılmıştır. Yirmibirinci yüzyıla girerken reaktif oksijen biyokimyası bir disiplin olarak olgunlaşmış ve biyomedikal bilimler arasındaki önemi yerleşmiştir. Günümüzde hemen her hastalığın bir dereceye kadar oksidatif strese bağlı olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Ayrıca günümüzde, reaktif oksijen türevlerinin (ROS) homeostazisini devam ettirmeye yardımcı olmak üzere, normal ve sağlıklı dokuların hücrelerinde sıkı-kontrollü bir şekilde oluştuğu kabul görmeye başlamıştır. Ortaya çıkan yeni teknolojilerin, özellikle proteomik teknolojilerin, reaktif oksijen biyokimyası alanında ilerideki gelişmeleri kolaylaştıracağı konusu bilimsel çevrelerce tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Serbest radikal, biyokimya, tarihsel gelişim-evrim

Kaynakça

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