“Kanın Son Damlasına Kadar”: I. Petro Döneminde Moskova Devleti’nin Erken Balkan İlerleyişi

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 28, 1 - 29, 31.12.2015

Valeriy Morkva

Öz

I. Petro’nun yönetim dönemi boyunca sonradan Rus İmparatorluğu olarak bilinen bir devlete dönüşmekte olan Moskof Çarlığı, 17. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren Balkan bölgesine gittikçe daha fazla ilgi duymaya başladı. Dönemin orijinal belge kaynaklarına dayalı bu çalışma, Moskovya’nın Balkan politikasının ilk adımlarının ne gibi koşullar içinde geliştiğine bakıp Çarlık hükümetinin Balkan hıristiyanlarını kendi tarafına çekmek için geliştirdiği ve uyguladığı stratejilere ışık tutmaya çalışmaktadır. Belgelerin analizi, Çar’ın tarafından bölgedeki çıkarlarının sağlanması için ortak Ortodoks dinini ile Balkan nüfusunun beslediği yaygın Moskova sempatizmini çok etkili ve en güvenilir bir araç olarak kullandığını söylemek mümkün kılmıştır. Dikkate değer ki, I. Petro döneminde Prut kıyılarındaki Çar’ın başarısızlığa uğramasına rağmen, Balkan Ortodoks halklarının ilk defa Moskova’nın stratejik savaş planlamasında doğrudan yer aldığı görünmektedir. Bir kez keşfedildiğinde, Balkan kartı sonraki iki yüzyıl boyunca Moskof Çarlığı/Rus İmparatorluğu tarafından kullanılmaya devam edilecekti.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Osmanlı-Rus savaşları, Balkan Ortodoksları, Eflâk ve Boğdan, Çar I. Petro, Prut Seferi, Moskof, Rus İmparatorluğu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Şark Meselesi

“UNTIL THE LAST DROP OF BLOOD”: THE EARLY BALKAN ADVANCES OF THE MUSCOVITE STATE AT THE AGE OF PETER I

Öz

The tsardom of Muscovy, which throughout the reign of Peter I had been transforming into what later came to be known as the Russian Empire, since late 17th century began to take an increasing interest in the Balkan region. Drawing upon the original documentary sources of the epoch, this article attempts to look at the circumstances of the early Balkan advances of Muscovy and to shed light on the strategies elaborated and applied by the tsarist government to win the Balkan Christians over to its side. The analysis of the documents allows the author to conclude that the common Orthodox religion and the widespread pro-Muscovite sympathies on the part of the Balkan population objectively served as the most reliable and effective tool for the tsar to promote his interests in the area. It is worthy of note that at the age of Peter I the Balkan Orthodox peoples, despite the eventual failure of the tsar on the banks of Prut, for the first time appear to be directly involved in the strategic war planning of the tsarist authorities. Once discovered, the Balkan card would be kept in the sleeve and used by the Muscovite/Russian state over the course of the next two centuries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Russian-Ottoman wars, Balkan Orthodox, Danube principalities, Peter I, Prut campaign, Muscovy, Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Eastern question

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