The Impact of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on Economic Growth and Job Creation in Somalia

Öz

Entrepreneurship is crucial to raising the standard of living and promoting the development of the economy. Small and medium-sized enterprises are recognized as solutions for economic growth, modernization, job creation, and income generation. The focus of this study is on how SMEs can contribute to job creation and economic growth in Somalia. This study uses a descriptive research design and a quantitative approach to gain insight into variables. A sample size of 201 participants was chosen and determined using a method of purposive or judgmental sampling. The researcher developed the questionnaire as a data collection tool which was collected using a Google forms Survey program, then edited, collated and tabulated using SPSS -statistical computer software- Version 22 and Excel 2010. Finally researchers corrected certain mistakes and anomalies to improve validity and reliability. Our study found that lack of funding, poor management skills and certain government policies are key barriers for small and medium-sized enterprises in Somalia. Our study also indicated that countries’ poor policies on imported products, humanitarian aid and unregulated competition have a negative effect on developing small and medium enterprises in the region. In this study concluded that providing access to finance through banks and large companies, giving enough knowledge and skills and introducing effective policies for the growth of small and medium enterprises by the government will enhance small and medium enterprises in Somalia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Small and Medium enterprises
• Job creation
• economic growth
• Access to capital

Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmelerin (KOBİ’ler) Somali’deki Ekonomik Büyüme ve İstihdam Yaratılmasına Etkisi

Öz

Girişimcilik, insanların yaşam standardını yükseltmek ve ekonominin gelişmesini teşvik etmek için çok önemlidir. Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler, ekonomik büyüme, modernizasyon ve istihdam yaratma, gelir yaratma için çözümler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çalışmanın odak noktası, Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin Somali’de istihdam yaratılmasına ve ekonomik büyümeye nasıl katkıda bulunabileceğidir. Çalışmada, değişkenler hakkında fikir edinmek için nicel bir yaklaşım kullanan tanımlayıcı bir araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Bir amaçlı veya yargısal örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak 201 örnek boyutu seçilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Google formlar anket programı kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS - istatistik bilgisayar yazılımı- Sürüm 22 ve Excel 2010 kullanılarak düzenlenmiş, harmanlanmış ve tablo haline getirilmiştir. Son olarak, araştırmacılar, geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği artırmak için belirli hataları ve anormallikleri yeniden düzeltmiştir. Çalışmada Somali’deki küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler için finansman eksikliği, yönetim becerileri ve başarılı hükümet politikalarının temel engeller olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışma, aynı zamanda ülkelerin ithal ürünler, insani yardım ve düzensiz rekabet konusundaki zayıf politikalarının bölgedeki küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin gelişmesini olumsuz etkilediğini de göstermiştir. Araştırmada, bankalar ve büyük şirketler aracılığıyla finansmana erişim sağlamanın, yeterli bilgi ve beceriyi sağlamanın ve hükümet tarafından küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin büyümesi için etkili politikalar getirmenin Somali’deki küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeleri geliştireceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler
• İstihdam yaratma
• Ekonomik büyüme
• Finansmana erişim
• Somali

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