Pandemilerin Sürekliliği Tehlikesine Karşı Döngüsel Ekonomi İhtiyacı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 225 - 255, 04.08.2021

Murat Çetin Gonca Yilmaz

Öz

Doğrusal ekonominin işleyişi ile birlikte ortaya çıkan iklim krizi, iklim krizi ile birbirini besleyerek ilerleyen doğanın geri döndürülemez tahribatı ve tüm bunların sonucunda zoonotik hastalıklardaki artışlar ve pandemilerin sürekliliği ihtimali, günümüzde insan yaşamı için en büyük tehdit kaynağı haline gelmiştir. Fosil yakıtlar temelinde dünyayı saran insan faaliyetlerinin en görünür etkileri kuraklık, fırtına, sel ve mevsim normalleri dışındaki hava olayları ile son 50 yılda bir milyondan fazla insanın can kaybı ve yaklaşık 440 milyar Euro maddi zarar olurken; diğer görünür etkileri ise suyun, toprağın, havanın kirlenmesi, biyoçeşitlilik kaybı ve küresel ısınmayı tetikleyen ormanların, buzulların ve diğer doğal karbon yutaklarının tahribatı olmuştur. İklim değişikliğinin yol açtığı ve kayıp ve tahribatların ortadan kaldırılması ancak gezegeni içinde yaşayan tüm canlılarla ‘tek sağlık’ yaklaşımı ile bütüncül olarak ele almak; devamında sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik yapı için ise ‘döngüsel ekonomi’ye geçişi hızlandırmakla mümkün gözükmektedir. Bu çalışmada daha fazla üretim/büyüme ve daha fazla tüketim odaklı mevcut ekonomik yapının ve onun sorumlusu olan insanın; gezegenin bir parçası değil, hakimi haline gelerek yol açtığı ekolojik yıkımlar (antroposen çağ) ve sonucundaki pandemiler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, ‘insan sağlığının ancak doğanın sağlığı ile birlikte mümkün olabileceği’ ve dünyanın hızla döngüsel ekonomiye dönüştürülerek gezegenin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanacağı ve pandemilerin sürekliliğinin engelleneceği vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19 pandemisi, İklim krizi, Döngüsel ekonomi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Antroposen çağ

The Need For A Circular Economy Towards The Danger of The Continuity of Pandemics

Öz

The climate crisis that emerged with the growing mechanism of the linear economy, the irreversible destruction of nature that feeds each other with the climate crisis, and as a result of all these, the increase in zoonotic diseases and the possibility of the continuity of pandemics have become the biggest threat to human life today. While the most visible effects of human activities that surround the world based on fossil fuels are drought, storm, flood, and weather conditions outside of the seasonal norms, the loss of life more than one million people, and material damage of approximately 440 billion euros in the last 50 years; other visible effects are pollution of water, air, soil, loss of biodiversity, and destruction of forest, glaciers, and natural carbon sinks that trigger global warming. Thus, eliminating the loss and destruction caused by climate change but dealing with the planet in terms of holistic perspective with an ‘only health’ approach; subsequently, it seems possible for a sustainable economic structure, accelerating the transition to the circular economy. In our study, the ecological destructions (Anthropocene age) and the resulting pandemics, which are caused by the current economic structure focused on more production/growth and more consumption, and the human responsible for this--trying to become the ruler of the planet, not a part of it--are discussed. As a result of the study, it was emphasized that “human health can only be possible with the health of nature” and that the sustainability of the planet will be ensured, and the continuity of pandemics will be prevented by rapidly transforming the world into a circular economy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19 pandemic, Climate crisis, Circular economy, Sustainability, Anthropocene era

Kaynakça

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