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AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 1 - 31, 18.02.2013

Öz

Konumu ve hakları bakımından uluslararası hukukta önemli bir yer edinen bireyin korunması, devletlerin öncelikle yerine getirmeleri gereken bir yükümlülük olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda uluslararası hukukun devleti ön planda tutan bazı kavramları da tartışılmaktadır. Bunlardan birisi de diplomatik korumadır. Avrupa Birliği Hukukunda da bireyin yabancı devlet ülkesinde korunması hususu, ilgili düzenlemelerde yer almakta ve “diplomatik koruma ve konsolosluk koruması” şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada da özel olarak “diplomatik” kelimesi üzerinde durulmakta ve Avrupa Birliği Yurttaşları açısından diplomatik korumanın uluslararası hukukta bahsedilen olağan anlamından farklı bir içeriğe sahip olup olmadığı irdelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Avrupa Birliği Yurttaşlığı, Diplomatik Koruma, Konsolosluk Koruması, Konsolosluk Yardımı

Abstract

The protection of individual has become the priority of states in terms of the position and rights of the individual in international law. In this context some international law concepts giving priority to states' benefits are being discussed. One of these is the “diplomatic protection”. The protection of European Union Citizens in non-European Union Countries is stipulated in related regulations and it is stated as “diplomatic and consular protection”. In this study especially the word “diplomatic” is discussed and whether the concept of “diplomatic protection” has a different concept in European Union Law or not instead of its ordinary meaning in international law, is considered.

Keywords: European Union Citizenship, Diplomatic Protection, Consular Protection, Consular Assistance


Kaynakça

  • AKKUTAY, Ali İbrahim; Diplomatik Koruma ve İnsan Hakları İlişkisi, yayım- lanmamış doktora tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2011.
  • AMERASINGHE, Chittharanjan F.; Diplomatic Protection, Oxford – New York, Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • AMERASINGHE, Chittharanjan Felix; Local Remedies in International Law, Second edition, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • BATTINI, Stefano; “The Impact of EU Law and Globalization on Consular Assistance and Diplomatic Protection”, Global Administrative Law and EU Administrative Law – Relationships, Legal Issues and Comparison, Editörler Edoardo CHITI ve Bernardo Giorgio MATTARELLA, Heidel- berg – Dordrecht – London – New York, Springer, 2011, s. 173 – 184.
  • BORCHARD, Edwin M.; The Diplomatic Protection of Citizens Abroad or the Law of International Claims, New York, The Banks Law Publishing Co.(Reprinted by William S. Hein & Co., Inc. Buffalo (2003), 1919.
  • CANANEA, Giacinto della; “The Genesis and Structure of General Principles of Global Public Law”, Global Administrative Law and EU Administrative Law – Relationships, Legal Issues and Comparison, Editörler Edoardo CHITI ve Bernardo Giorgio MATTARELLA, Heidelberg – Dordrecht – London – New York, Springer, 2011, s. 89 – 110.
  • CHRONOWSKI, Nora; “Protection of Fundamental Rights in the European Union (Tendencies and Actual Problems)”, Studia Iuridica Auctoritate Universitatis Pecs, Vol. 135, s. 451 – 468.
  • CZUBIK, Pawel ve Piotr SZWEDO; “Consular Functions”, Max Planck Encyc- lopedia of Public International Law, Max Planck Institute for Compara- tive Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Ox- ford University Press, www.mpepil.com, Makalenin son güncellenme tarihi Mayıs 2009, Son erişim tarihi 14.04.2011.
  • DINSTEIN, Yoram; “Diplomatic Protection of Companies under International Law”, International Law: Theory and Practice (Essays in Honour of Eric Suy), Editör Karel WELLENS, The Hague – Boston – London, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1998, s. 505 – 517.
  • DUPUY, Pierre-Marie; “Some Reflections on Contemporary International Law and the Appeal to Universal Values: A Response to Martti Koskenniemi”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 16(1), 2005, s. 131 – 137.
  • GRIMM, Dieter; “Treaty or Constitution? The Legal Basis of the European Uni- on after Maastricht”, Developing a Constitution for Europe, Editörler Erik Oddvar ERIKSEN, John Erik FOSSUM ve Augustin Jose ME- NENDEZ; London – New York, Routledge, 2005, s. 70 – 89.
  • JESSURUN D’OLIVEIRA, H.U.; “Decoupling Nationality and Union Citizens- hip – Court of Justice of the European Union – Decision of 2 March 2010, Case C-315/08 – Janko Rottman v. Freistaat Bayern”, Case Note 1, Eu- ropean Constitutional Law Review, Vol. 7(1), 2011, s. 138 – 149.
  • KARAZIVAN, Noura; “Diplomatic Protection: Taking Human Rights Extrater- ritorially”, Canadian Yearbook of International Law (Annuaire canadi- en de Droit international), Vol. XLIV, 2006, s. 299 – 352.
  • KOSKENNIEMI, Martti; “International Law in Europe: Between Tradition and Renewal”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 16(1), 2005, s. 113 – 124.
  • KÜNZLI, Annemarieke; “Exercising Diplomatic Protection – The Fine Line Between Litigation, Demarches and Consular Assistance”, Zeitschrift für auslandisches öffentliches Recht und Volkerrecht, Heidelberg Jour- nal of International Law, Vol. 66, 2006, s. 321 – 350.
  • MORARU, Bianca; “Protection of EU Citizens Abroad: A Legal Assesment of the EU Citizen’s Right to Consular and Diplomatic Protection”, Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 3(2), 2011, s. E-67 – E-105.
  • NICOLETA, Olteanu Camelia; “European Citizenship Versus National Citi- zenship”, Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences, Vol. 2010(2), 2010, s. ccclxxxii – ccclxxxvi.
  • ORAKHELASHVILI, Alexander; “The Idea of European International Law”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 17(2), 2006, s. 315 – 347.
  • SHELTON, Dinah; “The Boundaries of Human Rights Jurisdiction in Europe”, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, Vol. 13(1), 2003, s. 95 – 153.
  • VAN ELSUWEGE; Peter, “European Union Citizenship and Purely Internal Rule Revisited – Court of Justice of the European Union – European Union Citizenship and the Purely Internal Rule Revisited – Decision of 5 May 2011, Case C-434/09 – Shirley McCarthy v. Secretary of State for the Home Department”, Case Note, European Constitutional Law Revi- ew, Vol. 7(2), 2011, s. 308 – 324.
  • VIGNI, Patrizia; Diplomatic and Consular Protection in EU Law: Misleading Combination or Creative Solution?, Badia Fiesolana, European Univer- sity Press, 2010.
  • Action Plan 2007-2009 – Effective Consular Protection in Third Countries: The Contribution of the European Union, Communication from the Commis- sion to the European Parliament, the European Council, The European Economic and Social Committee or the Regions, Commission of the Eu- ropean Communities, COM (2007)767 final, 5.12.2007.
  • Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v United States of America), Judgement, [2004] ICJ Rep 12.
  • Case Concerning Ahmadou Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of Congo), Judgement, [2010] ICJ Rep 103.
  • Case Concerning Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of the Congo), Preliminary Objections, [2007] ICJ Rep 103.
  • Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Notice No. 2010/C 83/02, Official Journal of the European Union, Vol 53, 30 March 2010.
  • Consolidated Version of The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Notice No. 2010/C 83/01, Official Journal of the Europena Union, Vol 53, 30 March 2010.
  • Consular Protection for EU Citizens in Third Countries: State of Play and Way Forward, Communication from the Commission to the European Parli- ament and the Council, COM (2011) 149 final, 23.03.2011.
  • Decision 95/553/EC, Decision of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States meeting within the Council of 19 December 1995 regarding protection for citizens of the European Union by diplomatic and consular representations, Official Journal L 314, 28/12/1995.
  • Green Paper, Diplomatic and Consular Protection of Union Citizens in Third Countries, Presented by the Commission, Notice No. 2007/C 30/04, Offi- cial Journal of the European Union, Vol. 50, 10 February 2007.
  • LaGrand Case (Germany v United States of America), Judgment, [2001] ICJ Rep 466.
  • Proposal for a Council Directive on Consular Protection for Citizens of the Uni- on Abroad (Text with EEA), COM(2011) 881 final, 2011/0432 (CNS), 14.12.2011
  • Shirley McCarthy v. Secretary of State for the Home Department Case, Europe- an Court of Justice(ECJ), Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber), Case C-434/09, 5 May 2011.
  • Treaty of Lisbon Amending the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty Establishing the European Community, signed at Lisbon, 13 December 2007, Notice No. 2007/C 306/01, Official Journal of the European Union, English edition, Volume 50, 17 December 2007.

THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 1 - 31, 18.02.2013

Öz

The protection of individual has become the priority of states in terms of the
position and rights of the individual in international law. In this context some international law concepts giving priority to states’ benefits are being discussed.
One of these is the “diplomatic protection”. The protection of European Union
Citizens in non-European Union Countries is stipulated in related regulations
and it is stated as “diplomatic and consular protection”. In this study especially
the word “diplomatic” is discussed and whether the concept of “diplomatic
protection” has a different concept in European Union Law or not instead of
its ordinary meaning in international law, is considered.

Kaynakça

  • AKKUTAY, Ali İbrahim; Diplomatik Koruma ve İnsan Hakları İlişkisi, yayım- lanmamış doktora tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2011.
  • AMERASINGHE, Chittharanjan F.; Diplomatic Protection, Oxford – New York, Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • AMERASINGHE, Chittharanjan Felix; Local Remedies in International Law, Second edition, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • BATTINI, Stefano; “The Impact of EU Law and Globalization on Consular Assistance and Diplomatic Protection”, Global Administrative Law and EU Administrative Law – Relationships, Legal Issues and Comparison, Editörler Edoardo CHITI ve Bernardo Giorgio MATTARELLA, Heidel- berg – Dordrecht – London – New York, Springer, 2011, s. 173 – 184.
  • BORCHARD, Edwin M.; The Diplomatic Protection of Citizens Abroad or the Law of International Claims, New York, The Banks Law Publishing Co.(Reprinted by William S. Hein & Co., Inc. Buffalo (2003), 1919.
  • CANANEA, Giacinto della; “The Genesis and Structure of General Principles of Global Public Law”, Global Administrative Law and EU Administrative Law – Relationships, Legal Issues and Comparison, Editörler Edoardo CHITI ve Bernardo Giorgio MATTARELLA, Heidelberg – Dordrecht – London – New York, Springer, 2011, s. 89 – 110.
  • CHRONOWSKI, Nora; “Protection of Fundamental Rights in the European Union (Tendencies and Actual Problems)”, Studia Iuridica Auctoritate Universitatis Pecs, Vol. 135, s. 451 – 468.
  • CZUBIK, Pawel ve Piotr SZWEDO; “Consular Functions”, Max Planck Encyc- lopedia of Public International Law, Max Planck Institute for Compara- tive Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Ox- ford University Press, www.mpepil.com, Makalenin son güncellenme tarihi Mayıs 2009, Son erişim tarihi 14.04.2011.
  • DINSTEIN, Yoram; “Diplomatic Protection of Companies under International Law”, International Law: Theory and Practice (Essays in Honour of Eric Suy), Editör Karel WELLENS, The Hague – Boston – London, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1998, s. 505 – 517.
  • DUPUY, Pierre-Marie; “Some Reflections on Contemporary International Law and the Appeal to Universal Values: A Response to Martti Koskenniemi”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 16(1), 2005, s. 131 – 137.
  • GRIMM, Dieter; “Treaty or Constitution? The Legal Basis of the European Uni- on after Maastricht”, Developing a Constitution for Europe, Editörler Erik Oddvar ERIKSEN, John Erik FOSSUM ve Augustin Jose ME- NENDEZ; London – New York, Routledge, 2005, s. 70 – 89.
  • JESSURUN D’OLIVEIRA, H.U.; “Decoupling Nationality and Union Citizens- hip – Court of Justice of the European Union – Decision of 2 March 2010, Case C-315/08 – Janko Rottman v. Freistaat Bayern”, Case Note 1, Eu- ropean Constitutional Law Review, Vol. 7(1), 2011, s. 138 – 149.
  • KARAZIVAN, Noura; “Diplomatic Protection: Taking Human Rights Extrater- ritorially”, Canadian Yearbook of International Law (Annuaire canadi- en de Droit international), Vol. XLIV, 2006, s. 299 – 352.
  • KOSKENNIEMI, Martti; “International Law in Europe: Between Tradition and Renewal”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 16(1), 2005, s. 113 – 124.
  • KÜNZLI, Annemarieke; “Exercising Diplomatic Protection – The Fine Line Between Litigation, Demarches and Consular Assistance”, Zeitschrift für auslandisches öffentliches Recht und Volkerrecht, Heidelberg Jour- nal of International Law, Vol. 66, 2006, s. 321 – 350.
  • MORARU, Bianca; “Protection of EU Citizens Abroad: A Legal Assesment of the EU Citizen’s Right to Consular and Diplomatic Protection”, Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 3(2), 2011, s. E-67 – E-105.
  • NICOLETA, Olteanu Camelia; “European Citizenship Versus National Citi- zenship”, Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences, Vol. 2010(2), 2010, s. ccclxxxii – ccclxxxvi.
  • ORAKHELASHVILI, Alexander; “The Idea of European International Law”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 17(2), 2006, s. 315 – 347.
  • SHELTON, Dinah; “The Boundaries of Human Rights Jurisdiction in Europe”, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, Vol. 13(1), 2003, s. 95 – 153.
  • VAN ELSUWEGE; Peter, “European Union Citizenship and Purely Internal Rule Revisited – Court of Justice of the European Union – European Union Citizenship and the Purely Internal Rule Revisited – Decision of 5 May 2011, Case C-434/09 – Shirley McCarthy v. Secretary of State for the Home Department”, Case Note, European Constitutional Law Revi- ew, Vol. 7(2), 2011, s. 308 – 324.
  • VIGNI, Patrizia; Diplomatic and Consular Protection in EU Law: Misleading Combination or Creative Solution?, Badia Fiesolana, European Univer- sity Press, 2010.
  • Action Plan 2007-2009 – Effective Consular Protection in Third Countries: The Contribution of the European Union, Communication from the Commis- sion to the European Parliament, the European Council, The European Economic and Social Committee or the Regions, Commission of the Eu- ropean Communities, COM (2007)767 final, 5.12.2007.
  • Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v United States of America), Judgement, [2004] ICJ Rep 12.
  • Case Concerning Ahmadou Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of Congo), Judgement, [2010] ICJ Rep 103.
  • Case Concerning Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of the Congo), Preliminary Objections, [2007] ICJ Rep 103.
  • Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Notice No. 2010/C 83/02, Official Journal of the European Union, Vol 53, 30 March 2010.
  • Consolidated Version of The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Notice No. 2010/C 83/01, Official Journal of the Europena Union, Vol 53, 30 March 2010.
  • Consular Protection for EU Citizens in Third Countries: State of Play and Way Forward, Communication from the Commission to the European Parli- ament and the Council, COM (2011) 149 final, 23.03.2011.
  • Decision 95/553/EC, Decision of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States meeting within the Council of 19 December 1995 regarding protection for citizens of the European Union by diplomatic and consular representations, Official Journal L 314, 28/12/1995.
  • Green Paper, Diplomatic and Consular Protection of Union Citizens in Third Countries, Presented by the Commission, Notice No. 2007/C 30/04, Offi- cial Journal of the European Union, Vol. 50, 10 February 2007.
  • LaGrand Case (Germany v United States of America), Judgment, [2001] ICJ Rep 466.
  • Proposal for a Council Directive on Consular Protection for Citizens of the Uni- on Abroad (Text with EEA), COM(2011) 881 final, 2011/0432 (CNS), 14.12.2011
  • Shirley McCarthy v. Secretary of State for the Home Department Case, Europe- an Court of Justice(ECJ), Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber), Case C-434/09, 5 May 2011.
  • Treaty of Lisbon Amending the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty Establishing the European Community, signed at Lisbon, 13 December 2007, Notice No. 2007/C 306/01, Official Journal of the European Union, English edition, Volume 50, 17 December 2007.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk
Bölüm İncelemeler
Yazarlar

Ali Akkutay

Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Şubat 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akkutay, A. (2013). AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Milletlerarası Hukuk Ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni, 32(1), 1-31.
AMA Akkutay A. AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni. Şubat 2013;32(1):1-31.
Chicago Akkutay, Ali. “AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES”. Milletlerarası Hukuk Ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni 32, sy. 1 (Şubat 2013): 1-31.
EndNote Akkutay A (01 Şubat 2013) AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni 32 1 1–31.
IEEE A. Akkutay, “AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES”, Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni, c. 32, sy. 1, ss. 1–31, 2013.
ISNAD Akkutay, Ali. “AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES”. Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni 32/1 (Şubat 2013), 1-31.
JAMA Akkutay A. AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni. 2013;32:1–31.
MLA Akkutay, Ali. “AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES”. Milletlerarası Hukuk Ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni, c. 32, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 1-31.
Vancouver Akkutay A. AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ YURTTAŞLARININ BİRLİK ÜYESİ OLMAYAN DEVLET ÜLKELERİNDE KORUNMALARININ HUKUKSAL NİTELİĞİ=THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS IN NON-EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni. 2013;32(1):1-31.