Prevention of radiation-induced liver and kiney toxicity: a role for amifostine

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To investigate the protective effect of amifostine against radiation induced liver and kidney injury of rats, using scintigraphic and histopathologic parameters. METHODS Female Wistar Albino rats were randomly allocated to 3 groups: control, radiotherapy alone (RT), and amifostine+RT (n=10). Single-dose of 600 cGy X-ray was performed with a single field compromised liver and right kidney. Amifostine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 400 mg/kg, 30 minutes before irradiation. Scintigraphic evaluation was performed before irradiation and the end of the study at 6 nd month. Histopathologic examinations were performed post mortem. RESULTS A clear protective effect of amifostine against radiation-induced late damage in liver and kidney was found with scintigraphic evaluation. In addition, amifostine reduced the decrease of histopathologic changes for both of the tissues. CONCLUSION The results showed that amifostine significantly reduced radiation-induced liver and kidney toxicity and therefore warrant additional study in a clinically relevant fractionated model.

Keywords

• Amifostine,Radiation Effects,Radiotherapy,Adverse effects,Toxicity,Radionuclide Imaging,Histopathology,Rats, Wistar,Models, Animal,Liver,Kidney,Radiation Oncology

Radyasyona bağlı oluşan karaciğer ve böbrek toksitesini önlemede amifostinin rolü

Öz

AMAÇ Amifostinin karaciğer ve böbrek dokusu üzerine olan radyoprotektif etkisini sintigrafik ve histopatolojik yöntemlerle değerlendirmek. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM Dişi Wistar Albino cinsi sıçanlar 3 gruba randomize edildi: kontrol grubu, sadece radyoterapi (RT) grubu ve amifostine+RT grubu (n=10, her grup). Karaciğer ve böbreği kapsayan tek alandan 600 cGy RT uygulandı. Amifostine ise RT'de 30 dakida önce 400 mg/kg intraperitoneal olarak verildi. Sıçanlar 6 ay takip edildi. Sintigrafik değerlendirme RT öncesi ve deneyi sonlandırmadan önce yapıldı. Postmortem dönemde ise dokular histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. BULGULAR Amifostinin karaciğer ve böbrek üzerine radyoprotektif etkisi sintigrafik olarak kanıtlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, radyasyona bağlı histopatolojik değişiklikleri her iki dokuda da azaltmıştır. SONUÇ Sonuçlarımızın klinik çalışmalarla değerlendirilmesi uygun olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Amifostin, böbrek/radyasyon etkisi, karaciğer/radyasyon etkisi, radyoterapi/yan etki, risk faktörleri, toksisite

Kaynakça

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