Filyasyon Ekibi Çalışanlarının Anlatımıyla COVID-19 Pandemisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinde sahada görev alan filyasyon ekiplerinin anlatımlarına odaklanılmıştır. Pandemi döneminde insan davranışlarını anlamaya yönelik çok sayıda araştırma gerçekleştirilmiş olsa da filyasyon ekiplerinde görev almış kişilerle yapılmış çalışmalara pek rastlanmamaktadır. Oysa bu kişiler, alınan önlemlere yönelik tepkileri doğrudan gözlemleme olanağına sahip olmuşlardır. Dolayısıyla, filyasyon ekibi çalışanlarının konuyla ilgili deneyimlerini betimlemek, araştırmacıların özellikle pandeminin ilk yılında ulaşamadığı, sahada olgunun nasıl deneyimlendiğini anlamak ve gelecekte alınacak önlemlerin iyileştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu motivasyonla gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda filyasyon görevinde bulunan hemşire, sağlık memuru ve ebelerden oluşan 12 sağlık personeliyle (Ort yaş= 43,SS= 6.98; 6 kadın) görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmeler 2021 yılı Mayıs-Haziran ayları içinde tamamlanmıştır. Katılımcılara ulaşırken ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi (filyasyon ekibinde yer alma) kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerde katılımcılardan filyasyon boyunca karşılaştıkları durumları, yaşadıkları zorlukları ve yaptıkları gözlemleri anlatmaları istenmiştir. Görüşmelerin tamamı deşifre edildikten sonra elde edilen metinler, tematik analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen 140 kod, 22 alt tema altında toplanmıştır. Bu alt temaların yeniden yorumlanması ve sınıflanmasının ardından toplam dokuz üst tema elde edilmiştir. Bunlar bilişsel süreçler (bilgi sahibi olma, bilişsel önyargılar, komplo teorilerine inanç, risk algısı), deneyimler (hastalığı deneyimleme, belirsizliğe alışma, sosyal dışlanmaya maruz kalma, cinsiyet farkları), olumsuz duygular, güven duyma, ahlaki süreçler, alınan tedbirlere uyma (bilinçlilik, ekonomik koşullar), filyasyon görevi (örgütsel güvensizlik, filyasyon görevinin zorluğu), mekânsal etmenler (ev ortamında risk algısı, yaşanılan yerin özelliği) ve kültürel etmenler (kültürel normlar, kültürel ritüeller) temaları olup önlemlere uyma davranışının bireysel, durumsal ve kültürel yönlerine işaret etmektedir. Tümevarımsal bir çıkarım yapıldığında, bu çalışmada elde edilen temaların Kültür x Kişi x Durum yaklaşımıyla örtüştüğü görülmüştür. Söz konusu temalar, alan yazındaki ilgili bulgular çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pandemi
• filyasyon ekibi
• uyma
• kültürel etmenler
• bireysel farklar

COVID-19 Pandemic with the Narrative of the Contact Tracing Team Employees

Öz

This study focused on, the narratives of the contact tracing team employees who worked in the field during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic were focused on. Although numerous studies have been conducted to understand human behavior during the pandemic, studies conducted with contact tracing team members are rare. However, these team members have had the opportunity to observe first-hand the reactions of people to the implemented measures. It is therefore crucial to describe the experiences of the contact tracing team employees to understand how the phenomenon was experienced in the field, particularly during the initial year of the pandemic when researchers were unable to access the relevant data. Furthermore, this will inform the development of effective measures to be taken in the future. The objective of this study was to explore this phenomenon. To this end, interviews with 12 medical healthcare personnel comprising nurses, health officers, and midwives (Mage = 43, SS = 6.98; 6 women) who were engaged in contact tracing duties. The interviews were completed in the months of May and June 2021. The criterion sampling method (employed in the contact tracing team) was used when reaching out the participants. During the interviews, the participants were asked to describe the circumstances they encountered during the contact tracing process, the challenges they encountered, and the observations they made. Following the transcription of the interviews, the researchers analyzed the texts by using the thematic analysis method. In total, 140 codes were collected which were then organized into 22 sub-themes. Following the reinterpretation and reclassification of these sub-themes, a total of nine meta-themes were identified. These encompass cognitive processes, experiences, negative emotions, trust, moral processes, adherence with measures, the task of contact tracing, spatial factors, and cultural factors. All these themes highlight the contextual and cultural aspects that underpin individual behavior in complying with caution. In light of the inductive reasoning, it can be argued that the identified themes align with the Culture x Person x Situation approach. These themes were discussed within the context of the pertinent findings from the existing literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pandemic
• contact tracing team
• compliance
• cultural factors
• individual differences

Kaynakça

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