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Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi

Yıl 2019, , 401 - 427, 24.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0012

Öz

Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği (KBY), uzun süren, ilerleyici ve bakım almayı gerekli kılan, kronik bir hastalıktır. Sıklıkla hemodiyaliz tedavisi ile izlenen KBY hastalığına ve tedavisine ait süreçte hastalar kadar onlara bakım veren yakınları (informal bakım veren) ve sağlık ekibi de (formal bakım veren) hastalık ve tedavi sürecinin zorluğunu yaşamaktadırlar. Bu çalışma kapsamında hemodiyaliz hastalarının informal ve formal bakım verenlerinin bakım verme süreçlerinin ‘Bakıcı Stres Modeli’ çerçevesinde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İstanbul’daki çeşitli diyaliz birimlerinden 50 informal (yaş Ort. = 48.5, %92 kadın) ve 63 formal (yaş Ort. = 33.4, %84 kadın) bakım verenin katıldığı araştırmada Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği, Bakıcı İyilik Ölçeği, Stresle Baş Etme Tarzları Ölçeği, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlara bakıldığında Bakıcı İyilik Ölçeği’nin faktörlerinden yaşamsal faaliyetler ile Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kişisel başarı faktörü arasında Stresle Baş Etme Tarzları Ölçeği kendine güvensiz faktörünün biçimlendirici; psikolojik dayanıklılık, Stresle Baş Etme Tarzları Ölçeği kendine güvenli ve kendine güvensiz faktörlerinin ise tam aracı etkiye sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile Bakıcı Stres Modeli ilk defa hemodiyaliz hastalarının hem informal hem de formal bakım verenleri üzerinde test edilmiştir. Ayrıca, alan yazında sıklıkla biçimlendirici etkileri ele alınan psikolojik dayanıklılık, baş etme ve sosyal destek değişkenlerinin modeli kısmen destekleyen aracı etkilerine katkı sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

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  • Aktaş, A. ve Sertel-Berk, H. O. (2015). Social support reciprocity in terms of psychosocial variables in care taking and caregiving processes of spinal cord injury patients and their care givers. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 564-568. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.076
  • Anderson, K., Cunningham, J., Devitt, J., Preece, C. ve Cass, A. (2012). Looking back to my family indigenous Australian patients experience of hemodialysis. BMC Nephrology, 13, 114. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-114
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  • Aranda, M. P. ve Knight, B. G. (1997). The influence of ethnicity and culture on the caregiver stress and coping process: A sociocultural review and analysis. The Gerontologist, 37, 342–354. Doi: 10.1093/geront/37.3.342.
  • Argentero, P., Dell’olivo, B. ve Ferretti, M.S. (2008). Staff burnout and patient satisfaction with the quality of dialysis care. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 51(1), 80-92. Doi: 10.1053/j. ajkd.2007.09.011.
  • Bahadır Yılmaz, E. ve Ata, E. E. (2017). Nörolojik hastalığı olan bireylerin bakım vericilerinin bakım veren yükü ile stresle başa çıkma biçimleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8(3), 145–149. Doi: 10.14744/phd.2017.77699
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  • Berg-Weger, M., Rubio, D. M., & Tebb, S. S. (2000). The caregiver well-being scale revisited. Health & Social Work, 25(4), 255-263. DOİ: 10.1093/hsw/25.4.255
  • Brand, C., Barry, L. ve Gallagher, S. (2014). Social support mediates the association between benefit finding and quality of life in caregivers. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(6), 1126-1136. Doi: 10.1177/1359105314547244
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Testing the Caregiver Stress Model with the Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients

Yıl 2019, , 401 - 427, 24.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0012

Öz

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a long, progressive, and chronic condition that requires care. In hemodialysis treatment, which is the most preferred treatment method in CRF, caregivers (informal caregivers) and health teams (formal caregivers) have difficulties as much as patients during the period of illness, and treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the caregiving process of hemodialysis patients’ informal and formal caregivers within the frame of the “Caregiver Stress Model”. Informal (N = 50, mean of age: 48.5, 92% of which were woman), and formal (N = 63, mean of age: 33.4, 84%of which were woman) caregivers from various dialysis units in Istanbul participated in the study. The Resilience Scale for Adults, The Caregiver Well-Being Scale, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, The Ways of Coping Inventory, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. The results showed that the unconfident coping factor of The Ways of Coping Inventory was a moderator of the relationship between the vital activities and personal success which is sub-dimension of Maslach Burnout Inventory was revealed. Also, the findings suggested that resilience, self-confident and unconfident coping factors were significant mediators of the relationships between the vital activities and personal success. The importance of this study is that the caregiver stress model being tested on caregivers of hemodialysis patients has never appeared in the literature before. In the literature, psychological resilience, coping and social support variables, whose formative effects are frequently discussed, contributed to the mediator effects that partially supported the model. Our findings are discussed in light of other published studies in the field.

Kaynakça

  • Akpolat, T. ve Utaş, C. (2001). Renal transplantasyon ve hasta seçimi. Hemodiyaliz Hekimi El Kitabı, Anadolu Yayıncılık, (Ed. Akpolat T, Utas C.), Kayseri, 263-265.
  • Aktaş, A. ve Sertel-Berk, H. O. (2015). Social support reciprocity in terms of psychosocial variables in care taking and caregiving processes of spinal cord injury patients and their care givers. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 564-568. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.076
  • Anderson, K., Cunningham, J., Devitt, J., Preece, C. ve Cass, A. (2012). Looking back to my family indigenous Australian patients experience of hemodialysis. BMC Nephrology, 13, 114. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-114
  • Aneshensel, C. S., Pearlin, L. I., Mullan, J. T., Zarit, S. H. ve Whitlatch, C. J. (1995). Profiles in Caregiving: The unexpected career. Academic Press: San Diego, CA.
  • Aranda, M. P. ve Knight, B. G. (1997). The influence of ethnicity and culture on the caregiver stress and coping process: A sociocultural review and analysis. The Gerontologist, 37, 342–354. Doi: 10.1093/geront/37.3.342.
  • Argentero, P., Dell’olivo, B. ve Ferretti, M.S. (2008). Staff burnout and patient satisfaction with the quality of dialysis care. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 51(1), 80-92. Doi: 10.1053/j. ajkd.2007.09.011.
  • Bahadır Yılmaz, E. ve Ata, E. E. (2017). Nörolojik hastalığı olan bireylerin bakım vericilerinin bakım veren yükü ile stresle başa çıkma biçimleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8(3), 145–149. Doi: 10.14744/phd.2017.77699
  • Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. Doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Basım, H. N. ve Çetin, F. (2011). Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği’nin güvenirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22 (2), 104-114.
  • Beck, A. T., Ward, C., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., ve Erbaugh, J. (1961). Beck depression inventory (BDI). Archives Of General Psychiatry, 4(6), 561-571.
  • Berg-Weger, M., Rubio, D. M., & Tebb, S. S. (2000). The caregiver well-being scale revisited. Health & Social Work, 25(4), 255-263. DOİ: 10.1093/hsw/25.4.255
  • Brand, C., Barry, L. ve Gallagher, S. (2014). Social support mediates the association between benefit finding and quality of life in caregivers. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(6), 1126-1136. Doi: 10.1177/1359105314547244
  • Cheng, C. (2001). Assessing coping flexibility in real-life and laboratory settings: A multimethod approach. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 80(5), 814-833. Doi: 10.1037//00223514.80.5.814
  • Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 300-314. Doi: 10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003
  • Cohen, S. ve Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310-357.
  • Connor-Smith, J. K. ve Compas, B. E. (2002). Vulnerability to social stress: Coping as a mediator or moderator of sociotropy and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(1), 39–55. Doi: 0147-5916/02/0200-0039/0
  • Cukor, D. ve Cohen, S. D., Peterson, R. A., Kimmel, P. L. (2007). Psychosocial aspects of chronic disease: Esrd as a paradigmatic illness., Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 18(12), 3042–3055. Doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007030345
  • Çam, O. ve Büyükbayram, A. (2017). Nurses’ resilience and effective factors. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 8(2), 118-126. Doi: 10.14744/phd.2017.75436
  • Davidson, J. R. T, Payne, V. M., Connor, K. M., Foa, E. B., Rothbaum, B. O., Hertzberg, M. A. ve Weisler, R. H. (2005). Trauma, resilience and saliostasis: effects of treatment in post-traumatic stress disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20(1), 43-48. Doi: 10.1097/00004850200501000-00009
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  • Greene, R. (2002). Resiliency. NASW Press, Washington, D.C.
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  • Hisli, N. (1988). Beck Depresyon Ölçeği’nin bir Türk örnekleminde geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi, 6, 118-122.
  • Jacelon, C. S. (1997). The trait and process of resilience. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 25 (1), 123129. Doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025123.x
  • İnci, F. H. ve Erdem, M. (2008). Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 11 (4), 85-95.
  • Kamarck, T. W., Annunziato, B. ve Amateau, L. M. (1995). Affiliation moderates the effects of social threat on stress-related cardiovascular responses: Boundary conditions for a laboratory model of social support. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57 (2), 183-194. Doi: 10.1097/00006842-19950300000011
  • Karahan, A. ve Güven, S. (2002). Yaşlılıkta evde bakım. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 5 (4), 155-159.
  • King, G., King, S., Rosenbaum, P. ve Goffin, R. (1999). Family-centered caregiving and well-being of parents of children with disabilities: Linking process with outcome. Journal Of Pediatric Psychology, 24, 41-53.
  • Klersy, C., Callegari, A., Martinelli, V., Vizzardi, V., Navino, C. ve Malberti, F. (2007). Burnout in health care providers of dialysis in northern İtaly-a multicentre study. Nephrology dialysis transplantation, 22, 2283-2290. Doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfm111
  • Kramer, B. J. (1997). Gain in the caregiving experience: Where are we? What next? The Gerontologist, 37 (2), 218-232. Doi: 10.1093/geront/37.2.218
  • Lavretsky, H., Siddarth, P. ve Irwin, M. R. (2011). Improving depression and enhancing resilience in family dementia caregivers: A pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial of escitalopram. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18 (2), 154. Doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181beab1e
  • Lazarus, R. S. ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
  • Lazarus, R.S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Pres., New York.
  • Lepore, S. J., Allen, K. A. ve Evans, G. W. (1993). Social support lowers cardiovascular reactivity to an acute stressor. Psychosomatic Medicine, 55 (6), 518-524. Doi: 10.1097/00006842-19931100000007
  • Lewis, H. A. ve Kliewer, W. (1996). Hope, coping, and adjustment among children with sickle cell disease: tests of mediator and moderator models. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 21 (1), 25-41. Doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/21.1.25
  • Lin, F., Rong, J. ve Lee, T. (2013). Resilience among caregivers of children with chronic conditions: a concept analysis. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 6, 323–333. Doi: 10.2147/JMDH. S46830
  • Limpawattana, P., Theeranut, A., Chindaprasirt, J., Sawanyawisuth, K. ve Pimporm, J. (2013). Caregivers burden of older adults with chronic illnesses in the community: A cross-sectional study. Journal Of Community Health, 38 (1), 40- 45. Doi: 10.1007/s10900-012-9576-6
  • Ma, L., Chang, H., Liu, Y., Hsieh, H., Lo, L., Lin, M. ve Lu, K. (2013). The relationship between healthpromoting behaviors and resilience in patients with chronic kidney disease. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 1-7. Doi: 10.1155/2013/124973
  • Maslach, C. ve Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99–113. Doi: 10.1002/job.4030020205
  • Matthews, B. A., Baker, F. ve Spillers, R. L. (2003). Family caregivers and indicators of cancer-related distress. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 8 (1), 45-56. Doi: 10.1080/1354850021000059250
  • Mausbach, B. T., Roepke, S. K., Chattillion, E. A., Harmell, A. L., Moore, R., Romero-Moreno, R., Bowie, C. R. ve Grant, I. (2012). Multiple mediators of the relations between caregiving stress and depressive symptoms. Aging & Mental Health, 16 (1), 27-38. Doi: 10.1080/13607863.2011.615738
  • Moos, R. H., & Holahan, C. J. (2003). Dispositional and contextual perspectives on coping: Toward an integrative framework. Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 59(12), 1387-1403. Doi: 10.1002/ jclp.10229
  • Morano, C. L. (2003). Appraisal and coping: moderators or mediators of stress in alzheimer’s disease caregivers? Social Work Research, 27 (2), 116-128. Doi: 10.1093/swr/27.2.116
  • Ovayolu, N., Pehlivan, S., Uçan. Ö. ve Çuhadar, D. (2007). Hemodiyaliz hastalarının yalnızlık ve depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 8, 293-296.
  • Ownsworth, T., Henderson, L. ve Chambers, S. K. (2010). Social support buffers the impact of functional impairments on caregiver psychological well being in the context of brain tumor and other cancers. PsychoOncology, 19 (10), 1116-1122. Doi: 10.1002/pon.1663
  • Parveen, S., Morrison, V. ve Robinson, C. A. (2014). Does coping mediate the relationship between familism and caregiver outcomes? Aging&Mental Health, 18 (2), 255-259. Doi: 10.1080/13607863.2013.827626
  • Pearlin, L. I. (1989). The sociological study of stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 30 (3), 241-256.
  • Pearlin, L. I., Mullan, J. T., Semple, S. J. ve Skaff, M. M. (1990). Caregiving and the stres process: an overview of concepts and their measures. The Gerontologist, 30 (5), 583–594. Doi: 10.1093/ geront/30.5.583
  • Pearlin, L. I. ve Mullan, J. T. (1994). The structure and functions of aids caregiving relationship. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17 (4), 51–68. Doi: 10.1037/h0095556
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  • Toseland, R. W., Smith, G., & Mccallion, P. (2001). Handbook of social work practice with vulnerable and resilient populations. Family caregivers of the frail elderly, Columbia University Pres, US.
  • Wills, T. A. (1991). Social support and interpersonal relationships. Prosocial Behavior içinde (s. 265– 289), Newbury Park, (Ed. M.S. Clark), CA: Sage.
  • White, Y. ve Grenyer, B. F. S. (1999). The Biopsychosocial Impact Of End-Stage Renal Disease: The Experience Of Dialysis Patients And Their Partners. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 30 (6), 13131320. Doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01236.x
  • Whitlatch, C. J., Schur, D., Noelker, L. S., Ejaz, F. K. ve Looman, W. J. (2001). The stress process of family caregiving in institutional settings. The Gerontologist, 41 (4), 462–473. Doi: 10.1093/ geront/41.4.462
  • Yeşil, A., Aker, A. T. ve Sezgin, U. (2008). Hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören hastalara bakım veren ekipte ruhsal belirtiler. Düşünen Adam, 22 (1-4), 9-17. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W.,
  • Zimet, S. G. ve Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30–41. Doi: 10.1207/ s15327752jpa5201_2
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ayşenur Aktaş Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0020-1411

H. Özlem Sertel-berk 0000-0002-3045-3903

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Aralık 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ağustos 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA Aktaş, A., & Sertel-berk, H. Ö. (2019). Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi. Studies in Psychology, 39(2), 401-427. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0012
AMA Aktaş A, Sertel-berk HÖ. Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi. Studies in Psychology. Aralık 2019;39(2):401-427. doi:10.26650/SP2018-0012
Chicago Aktaş, Ayşenur, ve H. Özlem Sertel-berk. “Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi”. Studies in Psychology 39, sy. 2 (Aralık 2019): 401-27. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0012.
EndNote Aktaş A, Sertel-berk HÖ (01 Aralık 2019) Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi. Studies in Psychology 39 2 401–427.
IEEE A. Aktaş ve H. Ö. Sertel-berk, “Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi”, Studies in Psychology, c. 39, sy. 2, ss. 401–427, 2019, doi: 10.26650/SP2018-0012.
ISNAD Aktaş, Ayşenur - Sertel-berk, H. Özlem. “Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi”. Studies in Psychology 39/2 (Aralık 2019), 401-427. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0012.
JAMA Aktaş A, Sertel-berk HÖ. Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi. Studies in Psychology. 2019;39:401–427.
MLA Aktaş, Ayşenur ve H. Özlem Sertel-berk. “Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi”. Studies in Psychology, c. 39, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 401-27, doi:10.26650/SP2018-0012.
Vancouver Aktaş A, Sertel-berk HÖ. Hemodiyaliz Hastalarına Bakım Verenlerde Bakıcı Stres Modelinin Test Edilmesi. Studies in Psychology. 2019;39(2):401-27.

Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies In Psychology / ISSN- 1304-4680