Babaların Duygusal Erişilebilirliği ile Beliren Yetişkinlerin Öznel İyi Oluşu Arasındaki İlişkide Aracı Olarak Psikolojik Dayanıklılık

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 513 - 531, 30.09.2020

Şerife Özbiler

Öz

Ebeveyn ve çocuk arasındaki sağlıklı ve fonksiyonel bir ilişki sadece çocukluk dönemi gelişimi için değil, ayrıca yetişkinlik dönemi gelişimi için de gerekli ve önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, anne-çocuk ilişkisinin kalitesi alan yazında geniş olarak tartışılmış, ancak baba-çocuk ilişkisinin kalitesi seyrek olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada baba-çocuk ilişkisinin kalitesi duygusal erişilebilirlik açısından ele alınmıştır. Bağlanma Teorisi üzerine kurulan bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin yani beliren yetişkinlerin babalarının geçmişteki duygusal erişilebilirliğine dair algıları ile şimdiki öznel iyi oluşları arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik dayanıklılığın aracı rolünü araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla, Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan ve yaş ortalaması 22.42 (SS = 2.08) olan 257 üniversite öğrencisi çalışmaya katılmıştır. Katılımcılar Kısa Dayanıklılık Ölçeği, Lum’un Ebeveyn Duygusal Erişilebilirlik Ölçeği ve Öznel İyi Oluş Ölçeğini doldurmuştur. Çalışma değişkenleri arasındaki potansiyel ilişkiyi incelemek aynı zamanda beliren yetişkinlerin babalarına geçmişe yönelik duygusal erişilebilirlik ile şimdiki öznel iyi oluşları arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik dayanıklılığın aracı etkisini araştırmak için Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (YEM) kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar varsayılan modeli desteklemiştir. Sonuçlarda, psikolojik dayanıklılığın beliren yetişkinlerin geçmişe yönelik babalarından algıladığı duygusal erişilebilirlik ile şimdiki öznel iyi oluşları arasındaki ilişkide tam bir aracı rolü olduğu sağlamaktadır. Bulgular göstermektedir ki geçmişe yönelik babanın duygusal erişilebilirliği, psikolojik dayanıklılık aracılığı ile beliren yetişkinlerin öznel iyi oluşunu artırmaktadır. Bu bulgular, beliren yetişkinlerin geçmişe yönelik babalarının duygusal erişilebilirliğine ilişkin algıları ile öznel iyi oluşları arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik dayanıklılığın aracılığına ilişkin ilk ışık tutmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bu çalışmanın bulguları öğrencilerde öznel iyi oluşa yol açabilecek psikolojik dayanıklılık müdahalelerini geliştirmede üniversitelerde çalışan danışmanlara yardımcı olabilir. Çalışma ayrıca, ebeveynlerle çalışan uzmanların etkili ebeveynlik müdahalelerine odaklanması ve bu müdahalelerin babaları da hedef alması gerektiğine dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Babaların duygusal erişilebilirliği, öznel iyi oluş, psikolojik dayanıklılık, beliren yetişkinlik

Resilience as the Mediator of the Relationship between Emotional Availability of Fathers and Subjective Well-Being of Emerging Adults

Öz

Healthy, functional relationships between parents and children are essential and important for an individual’s development not only in early childhood but also in adulthood. In this context, the quality of the mother-child relationship has been discussed extensively in the literature, but the quality of the father-child relationship has rarely been evaluated. In the present study, the quality of father-child relationships is operationalised as an emotional availability. The present study, which is based on Attachment Theory, aimed to investigate the mediating role of resilience in the association between the retrospective perception of university students’ emotional availability of their fathers and their subjective well-being at emerging adulthood. For this purpose, 257 university students with a mean age of 22.42 (SD = 2.08) in North Cyprus participated in the study. Participants completed the Brief Resilience Scale, the Lum Emotional Availability of Parents Scale and the Subjective Well-Being Scale. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to examine the potential relationships between study variables as well as examine the mediating effect of resilience in the link between the emerging adults’ retrospective perceptions of the emotional availability of fathers and their current subjective well-being. The results provide support for the hypothesised model. The results indicated that resilience may act as a full mediator in the relationship between the retrospective perceptions of emerging adults’ emotional availability of their fathers and their current subjective well-being. Findings imply that the retrospective perceptions emotional availability of fathers increase the subjective well-being of emerging adults throughout the mediation of the resilience. These findings shed a first light on the mediating role of resilience in the association between the retrospective perception of emerging adults’ emotional availability of their fathers and their subjective well-being. Moreover, the findings of the present study may help counsellors working in universities to improve resilience interventions that could lead to an improvement in the subjective well-being of students. The study also points out that practitioners who are working with parents should focus on effective parenting interventions and these interventions should also target fathers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emotional availability of fathers, subjective well-being, resilience, emerging adulthood

Kaynakça

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