Eastfalya Uluslararası Düzeninin İmkânının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 111 - 130, 20.12.2017

Mehmet Halil Mustafa Bektaş

Öz

Mevcut çalışma Eastfalya uluslararası düzeninin mümkün olup olmadığına dair değerlendirmeler sunuyor ve bu bağlamda özellikle Çin’in rolünü değerlendirerek argümanlarını teorik açıklamalardan ziyade somut olgulara dayandırıyor. Bu makale ilk olarak Eastfalya hakkındaki temel argümanları sunup bunları tartışacak, sonra Eastfalya döneminin olasılığını değerlendirecek. Çalışma, yükselen bir güç olarak Çin’in mevcut uluslararası düzen üzerinde belirgin etkilerinin olabileceğini, ancak, mevcut sistemin dönüşümü için gerekli olan başka belirleyici etmenlerin de olmasından dolayı sadece bu etkilerin böyle bir dönüşüm için yeterli olmadığını vurgulamaktadır. Mevcut çalışma bu belirleyici etmenleri Asya ve özelde Çin için şöyle belirlemektedir: yeni özgün ilkeler sunabilmek, dış politikada tutarlılık sorununu asgariye indirmek ve aynı zamanda güçlü bir bölgesel organizasyon kurmaya yardımcı olmak. Yeni özgün ilkeler sunmak yeni sistemi seleflerinden ayırmak için önemli bir etmen iken, diğer iki etmen de Çin tarafından geliştirilecek olan bu yeni ilkelerin küresel kabul edilebilirliği ve daha sonrasında benimsenmesi için aynı derecede önem arz etmektedir. Makale öncelikle Çin’in dış politikasının esasını oluşturan Barış içinde bir arada yaşamanın beş ilkesinin sadece Asya’ya ait olup olmadığına dair argümanları değerlendirilecek. Sonra Çin’in stratejileri ve uygulamalarına dair tutarlılık sorunlarının altını çizecek. Son olarak, Asya’daki bölgesel işbirliğini kolaylaştıracak bir organizasyonun kurulmasının önemini vurgulayıp, böyle bir amaca ulaşmaktan ne kadar uzakta olduğu tespit edilecektir. Sonuç olarak, önde gelen Asya ülkelerinin bahsi geçen belirleyici etmenler ile ilgili yapacakları tercihlerin bir Eastfalya dünya düzeninin oluşup oluşmayacağı hususunda temel belirleyici etken olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır. Mevcut çalışma, çok az ele alınmış olan bu konu hakkında daha fazla incelemeler sunarak literatüre katkı sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asya, Eastfalya, Vestfalya, Çin’in yükselişi, Bir arada yaşama ilkeleri

Examining the Possibility of an Eastphalian International Order

Öz

This study provides insight into whether an Eastphalian international legal order is possible, and examines the role of China in particular, basing its arguments on concrete issues, rather than theoretical ones. This paper will first discuss the Eastphalian proposal, initially illustrating the main arguments for the Eastphalian order, and then discussing the possibility of an Eastphalia era. This study stresses that, as a growing international actor, China has the potential to affect the current international order in certain ways. However, these effects will not be enough to cause a transformation of that order, because there other determinative factors exist. This study identifies and assesses these determinative factors for Asia, and in particular China, seeing them as offering new autogenous principles and minimizing the problem of coherence in foreign policy, as well as helping establish a strong regional organization. While autogenous principles are an important way to distinguish a new era from the preceding one, there are several considerations that are equally vital for global acceptance and adoption of these autogenous principles that China would develop. This paper first discusses existing concerns with regard to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, on which China has based its foreign policy. Then, we will highlight coherence issues that have been raised with regard to China’s strategies and practices. Finally, we will emphasize the importance of founding an organization that will facilitate regional cooperation in Asia. It is currently unclear whether an Eastphalian world order will manifest itself based on choices made by leading Asian powers, and we must ascertain how far this ideal is from being achieved. The current study contributes to the literature by providing more insight into this largely ignored topic. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asia, Eastphalia, Westphalia, Rise of China, the Coexistence principles

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