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Yıl 2013, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 238 - 247, 10.03.2013

Öz

In this study the toxic effects of aflatoxin В1 (AFB1) on production traits (live body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) and relative weights (g/100 g body weight) of visceral organs (liver, kidneys, thymus, spleen, Bursa of Fabricius, heart, gizzard and proventriculus) in mulard ducklings were investigated. The experiment was carried out with four groups of 30 10-day-old ducklings each, over 42 days. The groups were as followed: group І – control, which received standard feed according to the species and age, group ІІ – experimental, which received compound feed with 0.5 mg/kg AFB1, group ІІI – receiving compound feed supplemented with 0.8 mg/kg AFB1 and group IV – compound feed supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and 2 g/kg Mycotox NG. In experimental groups II and III, the body weight, weight gain, feed intake were lower, feed conversion ratio was higher as well as the relative weights of liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, gizzard and proventriculus. At the same time, the relative weight of the thymus, bursa of Fabricius and the spleen were considerably reduced. The supplementation of feed of group IV with Mycotox NG protected birds from the negative effects of AFB1 on production traits and prevented changes in the weights of visceral organs.

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Wahhab, M.A., Abo-Norag, M., Edrington, T.S., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Philips, T.D., 1995. Influence of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and virginiamycin on aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks. Poultry Science 74, 626-632.
  • Abdel-Wahhab, M.A., Nada, S.A., Amra, H.A., 19 Effect of aluminosilicates and bentonite on aflatoxin-induced developmental toxicity in rat. Journal of Applied Toxicology 19 (3), 19920
  • Bailey, C.A., Latimer, G.W., Barr, A.C., Wigle, W.L., Haq, A.U., Balthrop, J.E., Kubena, L.F., 2006. Efficacy of montmorillonite clay (NovaSil PLUS) for protecting full-term broilers from aflatoxicosis. Journal Applied and Poultry Research 15, 198-206.
  • Bailey, R.H., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Buckiey, S.A., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1998. Efficacy of various inorganic sorbents to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin and T-2 toxin in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 77, 1630-1632.
  • Bintvihok, A., Kositcharoenkul, S., 2006. Effect of dietary calcium propionate on performance, hepatic enzyme activities and aflatoxin residues in broilers fed a diet containing low levels of aflatoxin B 1 . Toxicon 47, 41-46.
  • Bintvihok, A., Thiengnin, S., Doi, K., Kumagai, S., 200 Residues of aflatoxins in the liver, muscle and eggs of domestic fowls. Journal Veterinary Medicine Science 64, 1037-1039.
  • Boden, S., Jensen, L., 1985. The effect of marginal levels of calcium, fish meal, torulas yeast and alfalfa meal on feed intake, hepatic lipid accumulation, plasma estradiol and egg shell quality among laying hens. Poultry Science 64, 937-9
  • Brekke, O.L., Peplinski, A.J., Nelson, G.E.N., Griffen, E.L., 1975. Pilot-plant dry milling of corn containing aflatoxin. Cereal Chemistry 52, 205-2
  • Campbell, M.L., May, J.D., Huff, W.E., Doevr, J.A., 19 Evaluation of immunity of young broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis and ochratoxicosis. Poultry Science 62, 2138-2144.
  • CAST, 1989. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Task Force Report 16. Mycotoxins: Economic and Health Risks. CAST, Ames, IA.
  • Dakovic, A., Tomasevic-Canovic, M., Dondur, V., Rottinghaus, G.E., Medakovic, V., Zaric, S., 200 Adsorption of mycotoxins by organozeolites. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 46 (1), 20-25. Dale, N., 1998. Mycotoxin binders: It’s time for real science. Poultry Digest 57, 38-39.
  • Davidson, J.N., Babish, J.G., Delaney, K.A., Taylor, D.R., Phillips, T.D., 1987. Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate decreases the bioavailability of aflatoxin in the chicken. Poultry Science 66 (Suppl. 1), 89.
  • Edds, G.T., Bortell, R.R., 1983. Biological effects of aflatoxin in poultry. In: Diener, U. L., Asquith, R. L., Dickens, J. W. (Eds) Aflatoxin and Aspergillus flavus in Corn. Southern Cooperative Services Bulletin, 279, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, AL, pp. 55-61.
  • Espada, Y., Domingo, M., Gomez, J., Calvo, M.A., 19 Pathological lesions following an experimental intoxication with aflatoxin B1 in broiler chickens. Research in Veterinary Science 53, 275-279. Fernández, A.M., Verde, T., Gomez, J., Gascon, M., Ramos, J.J., Gomez, J., Luco, D.F., Chavez, G., 1994. Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin-containing feed. Avian Pathology 23, 37-47.
  • Goswami, S., Mukit, A., Bhatacharya, M., 1998. Histochemical study on chronic aflatoxicosis in ducks. Indian Journal of Animal Science 68 (11), 1181-1183.
  • Han, X.Y., Huang, Q.C., Li, W.F., Jiang, J.F., Xu, Z.R., Han, X.Y., Huang, Q.C., Li, W.F., Jiang, J.F., Xu, Z.R., 2008. Changes in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of cherry valley ducks in response to aflatoxin B 1 levels. Livestock Science 119 (1), 216-220.
  • Huff, W.E., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Hagler, V.M., Swanson, S.P., Phillips, T.D., Creger, C. R., 1986. Individual and combined effects of aflatoxin and deoxnivalenol (DON, vomitoxin) in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 65, 129112
  • Huff, W.E., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Phillips, T.D., 1992. Efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the individual and combined toxicity of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A. Poultry Science 71, 64-69.
  • Hussein, H.S., Brasel, J.M., 2001. Rewiev: Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology 167, 101-134. Ibrahim, I.K., Al-Joubory, K.M.T., Shareef, A.M., 19 Reducing aflatoxicosis in growing chicks by dietary sodium bentonite. IPA Journal of Agricultural Research 8, 130-138.
  • Jewers, K., 1990. Mycotoxins and their effect on poultry production. Options Mediterraneennes Serie A 7, 195-202.
  • Kececi, T., Oguz, H., Kurttoglu, V., Demet, V.O., 19 Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science 39, 452-458. Kubena, L.F., Edrington, T.S., Harvey, R.B., Buckley, S.A., Phillips, T.D., Rottinghaus G.E., Casper, H.H., 1997. Individual and Combined Effects of Fumonisin B1 Present in Fusarium moniliforme Culture Material and T-2 Toxin or Deoxynivalenol in Broiler Chicks. Poultry Science 76, 1239-1247
  • Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Bailey, R.H., Buckley, S.A., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1998. Effects of hydrateted sodium calcium aluminosilicate [TBind] onmycotoxicosis in young broiler chickens. Poultry Science 77, 1502-1509.
  • Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Huff, W., Elissalde, M.H., Yersin, A.G., Phillips, T.D., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1993. Efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin and diacetoxyscirpenol. Poultry Science 72, 51-59
  • Ledoux, D.R., Rottinghaus, G.E., Bermudez, A.J., Alonso-Debolt, M., 1999. Efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Poultry Science 78, 204-210.
  • McKenzie, K.S., Sarr, A.B., Mayura, K., Bailey, R.H., Miller, D.R., Rogers, T.D., Norred, W.P., Voss, K.A., Platner, R.D., Kubena, L.F., Phillips, T.D., 19 Oxidative degradation and detoxification of mycotoxins using a novel source of ozone. Food and Chemical Toxicology 35, 807-820. Mendoza, D.A., Perez-Arevalo, M., Gomez, C., Molero, G., Novoa, E., Rinco, H., Ascanio, E., 200 Effect of foodstuff contaminated with aflatoxin B-1 (0.07 mg/kg) on liver morphology and serum enzymes (AST and ALT) activity in broiler chickens. Revista Cientifica-Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias 16 (1), 39-47. Miazzo, R., Peralta, M.F., Magnoli, C., Salvano, M., Ferrero, S., Chiacchiera, S.M., Carvalho, E.C.Q., Rosa, C.A.R., Dalcero, A., 2005. Efficacy of sodium bentonite as a detoxifier of broiler feed contaminated with aflatoxin and fumonisin. Poultry Science 84, 1-8.
  • Mishra, H.N., Das, C., 2003. A review on biological control and metabolism of aflatoxin. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 43 (3), 245-2
  • Muller, R.D., Carlson, C.W., Semeniuk, G., Harshfield, G.S., 1970. The response of chicks, duckling, goslings, pheasants and poults to graded levels of aflatoxins. Poultry Science 49, 1346-1350.
  • NRC (1994). National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Oguz, H., Kececi, T., Birdane, Y.O., Onder, F., Kurtoglu, V., 2000a. Effect of clinoptilolite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. Research in Veterinary Science 69, 89-93.
  • Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V., 2000. Effect of clinoptilolite on fattening performance of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science 41, 512-517.
  • Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V., Coskun, B., 2000b. Preventive efficacy of clinoptilolite in broilers during chronic aflatoxin (50 and 100 ppb) exposure. Research in Veterinary Science 69, 197-20
  • Ordinance, 2006. Ordinance 44/20.04.2006 for veterinary medical requirements to animal rearing facilities, Official Gazette 41 Appendix 9/ІІ, 61-62.
  • Osborne, D.J., Hamilton, P.B., 1981. Decreased pancreatic digestive enzymes during aflatoxicosis. Poultry Science 60, 1818-1821.
  • Phillips, T.D., Clement, B.A., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., 1990. Detection and detoxification of aflatoxins: Prevention of aflatoxicosis and aflatoxin residues with hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 3, 15-19.
  • Qureshi, M.A., Brake, J., Hamilton, P.B., Hagler, W.M., Nesheim, S., 1998. Dietary exposure of broiler breeders to aflatoxin results in immune dysfunction in progeny chicks. Poultry Science 77, 812-819.
  • Rayner, E.T., Dollear, F.G., 1968. Removal of aflatoxins from oilseed meals by extraction with aqueous isopropanol. Journal of the American Oil Chemistry Society 45, 662-624.
  • Rosa, C.A.R., Miazzo, R., Magnoli, C., Salvano, M., Chiacchiera, S.M., Ferrero, S., Saenz, M., Carvalho, E.C.Q., Dalcero, A., 200 Evaluation of the efficacy of bentonite from the south of Argentina to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broilers. Poultry Science 80, 139-144. Safamehr, A., 200 The performance and hematological characters in broiler chicks fed ammonia treted aflatoxin contaminated feed. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 7 (3), 331-336. Sakhare, P.S., Harne, S.D., Kalorey, D.R., Warke, S.R., Bhandarkar, A.G., Kurkure, N.V., 200 Effect of Toxiroak polyherbal feed supplement during induced aflatoxicosis, ochratoxicosis and combined mycotoxicoses in broilers. Veterinarski Arhiv 77, 129-146. Santurio, J.M., Mallmann, C.A., Rosa, A.P., Appel, G., Heer, A., Diageforde, S., Botticher, M., 19 Effect of sodium bentonite on the performance and blood variables of broiler chickens intoxicated with aflatoxin. British Poultry Science 40, 115-119. Scheideler, S.E., 1993. Effects of various types of aluminosilicates and aflatoxin B 1 on aflatoxin toxicity, chick performance, and mineral status. Poultry Science 72, 282-288.
  • Shashidhara, R.G., Devegowda, G., 2003. Effect of mannan oligosaccharide on broiler breeder production traits and immunity. Poultry Science 82, 1319-1325.
  • Shi, Y.H., Xu, Z.R., Feng, J.L., Wang, C.Z., 2006. Efficacy of modified montmorillonite nanocomposite to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Animal Feed Science and Technology 129, 138-148.
  • Smela, M.E., Currier, S.S., Bailey, E.A., Essigmann, J.M., 2001. The chemistry and biology of aflatoxin (B1): from mutational spectrometry to carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 22 (4), 535-545. Verma, J., Swain, B.K., Johri, T.S., 2002. Effect of various levels of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A and combinations on protein and energy utilisation in broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 82 (11), 1412-1417.
  • Xin-Yan, H., Qi-Chun, H., Wei-Fen, L., Jun-Fang, J., Zi-Rong, X., Xin-Yan, H., Qi-Chun, H., Wei-Fen, L., Jun-Fang, J., Zi-Rong, Xu., 200 Changes in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of cherry valley ducks in response to aflatoxin B 1 levels. Livestock Science 119, 216-2

Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 238 - 247, 10.03.2013

Öz

ABSTRACT

In this study the toxic effects of aflatoxin Ð’1 (AFB1) on production traits (live body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) and relative weights (g/100 g body weight) of visceral organs (liver, kidneys, thymus, spleen, Bursa of Fabricius, heart, gizzard and proventriculus) in mulard ducklings were investigated. The experiment was carried out with four groups of 30 10-day-old ducklings each, over 42 days. The groups were as followed: group І – control, which received standard feed according to the species and age, group ІІ – experimental, which received compound feed with 0.5 mg/kg AFB1, group ІІI – receiving compound feed supplemented with 0.8 mg/kg AFB1 and group IV –  compound feed supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and 2 g/kg Mycotox NG. In experimental groups II and III, the body weight, weight gain, feed intake were lower, feed conversion ratio was higher as well as the relative weights of liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, gizzard and proventriculus. At the same time, the relative weight of the thymus, bursa of Fabricius and the spleen were considerably reduced. The supplementation of feed of group IV with Mycotox NG protected birds from the negative effects of AFB1 on production traits and prevented changes in the weights of visceral organs.

Key Words: Aflatoxicosis, mulard ducks, production traits

 

ÖZET

DENEYSEL OLARAK AFLATOKSİKOZİS İNDÜKLENMİŞ MULARDLARDA ÜRETİM ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE İNCELEMELER 

Bu çalışmada aflatoksin B1'in (AFB1) mulard ördek palazlarının verim özellikleri (canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık kazancı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma) ve iç organlara (karaciğer, böbrekler, timus, dalak, Bursa Fabricius, kalp, taşlık, ve kursak) ait relatif canlı ağırlıkları (g/100 g vücut ağırlığı) üzerine toksik etkileri incelenmiştir. Deney 10 günlük yaşta ördek palazlarından 30'ar adet 4 grup olacak şekilde ve 42 günde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gruplar şöyle sıralanabilir; Grup I- kontrol, türüne ve yaşına göre standart yem verilmiştir, grup II- deneysel, 0,5 mg/kg AFB1 yemlerine eklenmiştir, grup III – yemlerine 0,8 mg/kg AFB1 eklenmiştir ve grup 4- yemlerine 0,5 mg/kg AFB1 ve 2 g/kg Mikotoks NG eklenmiştir. Deneysel gruplar II ve III'te vücut ağılığı, canlı ağırlık kazancı, yem tüketimi daha düşük iken, yemden yararlanma oranı ile karaciğer, böbrekler, kalp, pancreas, taşlık ve kursağın nispi ağılıkları artış göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda timus, Bursa Fabrisius ve dalağın nispi ağırlıkları önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Grup4'ün yemine eklenen Mikotoks NG, AFB1'in verim özelliklerine ve iç organların ağırlık değişimleri üzerine negatif etkilerine karşı kuşları korumuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aflatoksikozis, mulard ördeği, verim özellikleri

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Wahhab, M.A., Abo-Norag, M., Edrington, T.S., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Philips, T.D., 1995. Influence of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and virginiamycin on aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks. Poultry Science 74, 626-632.
  • Abdel-Wahhab, M.A., Nada, S.A., Amra, H.A., 19 Effect of aluminosilicates and bentonite on aflatoxin-induced developmental toxicity in rat. Journal of Applied Toxicology 19 (3), 19920
  • Bailey, C.A., Latimer, G.W., Barr, A.C., Wigle, W.L., Haq, A.U., Balthrop, J.E., Kubena, L.F., 2006. Efficacy of montmorillonite clay (NovaSil PLUS) for protecting full-term broilers from aflatoxicosis. Journal Applied and Poultry Research 15, 198-206.
  • Bailey, R.H., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Buckiey, S.A., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1998. Efficacy of various inorganic sorbents to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin and T-2 toxin in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 77, 1630-1632.
  • Bintvihok, A., Kositcharoenkul, S., 2006. Effect of dietary calcium propionate on performance, hepatic enzyme activities and aflatoxin residues in broilers fed a diet containing low levels of aflatoxin B 1 . Toxicon 47, 41-46.
  • Bintvihok, A., Thiengnin, S., Doi, K., Kumagai, S., 200 Residues of aflatoxins in the liver, muscle and eggs of domestic fowls. Journal Veterinary Medicine Science 64, 1037-1039.
  • Boden, S., Jensen, L., 1985. The effect of marginal levels of calcium, fish meal, torulas yeast and alfalfa meal on feed intake, hepatic lipid accumulation, plasma estradiol and egg shell quality among laying hens. Poultry Science 64, 937-9
  • Brekke, O.L., Peplinski, A.J., Nelson, G.E.N., Griffen, E.L., 1975. Pilot-plant dry milling of corn containing aflatoxin. Cereal Chemistry 52, 205-2
  • Campbell, M.L., May, J.D., Huff, W.E., Doevr, J.A., 19 Evaluation of immunity of young broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis and ochratoxicosis. Poultry Science 62, 2138-2144.
  • CAST, 1989. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Task Force Report 16. Mycotoxins: Economic and Health Risks. CAST, Ames, IA.
  • Dakovic, A., Tomasevic-Canovic, M., Dondur, V., Rottinghaus, G.E., Medakovic, V., Zaric, S., 200 Adsorption of mycotoxins by organozeolites. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 46 (1), 20-25. Dale, N., 1998. Mycotoxin binders: It’s time for real science. Poultry Digest 57, 38-39.
  • Davidson, J.N., Babish, J.G., Delaney, K.A., Taylor, D.R., Phillips, T.D., 1987. Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate decreases the bioavailability of aflatoxin in the chicken. Poultry Science 66 (Suppl. 1), 89.
  • Edds, G.T., Bortell, R.R., 1983. Biological effects of aflatoxin in poultry. In: Diener, U. L., Asquith, R. L., Dickens, J. W. (Eds) Aflatoxin and Aspergillus flavus in Corn. Southern Cooperative Services Bulletin, 279, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, AL, pp. 55-61.
  • Espada, Y., Domingo, M., Gomez, J., Calvo, M.A., 19 Pathological lesions following an experimental intoxication with aflatoxin B1 in broiler chickens. Research in Veterinary Science 53, 275-279. Fernández, A.M., Verde, T., Gomez, J., Gascon, M., Ramos, J.J., Gomez, J., Luco, D.F., Chavez, G., 1994. Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin-containing feed. Avian Pathology 23, 37-47.
  • Goswami, S., Mukit, A., Bhatacharya, M., 1998. Histochemical study on chronic aflatoxicosis in ducks. Indian Journal of Animal Science 68 (11), 1181-1183.
  • Han, X.Y., Huang, Q.C., Li, W.F., Jiang, J.F., Xu, Z.R., Han, X.Y., Huang, Q.C., Li, W.F., Jiang, J.F., Xu, Z.R., 2008. Changes in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of cherry valley ducks in response to aflatoxin B 1 levels. Livestock Science 119 (1), 216-220.
  • Huff, W.E., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Hagler, V.M., Swanson, S.P., Phillips, T.D., Creger, C. R., 1986. Individual and combined effects of aflatoxin and deoxnivalenol (DON, vomitoxin) in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 65, 129112
  • Huff, W.E., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Phillips, T.D., 1992. Efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the individual and combined toxicity of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A. Poultry Science 71, 64-69.
  • Hussein, H.S., Brasel, J.M., 2001. Rewiev: Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology 167, 101-134. Ibrahim, I.K., Al-Joubory, K.M.T., Shareef, A.M., 19 Reducing aflatoxicosis in growing chicks by dietary sodium bentonite. IPA Journal of Agricultural Research 8, 130-138.
  • Jewers, K., 1990. Mycotoxins and their effect on poultry production. Options Mediterraneennes Serie A 7, 195-202.
  • Kececi, T., Oguz, H., Kurttoglu, V., Demet, V.O., 19 Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science 39, 452-458. Kubena, L.F., Edrington, T.S., Harvey, R.B., Buckley, S.A., Phillips, T.D., Rottinghaus G.E., Casper, H.H., 1997. Individual and Combined Effects of Fumonisin B1 Present in Fusarium moniliforme Culture Material and T-2 Toxin or Deoxynivalenol in Broiler Chicks. Poultry Science 76, 1239-1247
  • Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Bailey, R.H., Buckley, S.A., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1998. Effects of hydrateted sodium calcium aluminosilicate [TBind] onmycotoxicosis in young broiler chickens. Poultry Science 77, 1502-1509.
  • Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Huff, W., Elissalde, M.H., Yersin, A.G., Phillips, T.D., Rottinghaus, G.E., 1993. Efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin and diacetoxyscirpenol. Poultry Science 72, 51-59
  • Ledoux, D.R., Rottinghaus, G.E., Bermudez, A.J., Alonso-Debolt, M., 1999. Efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Poultry Science 78, 204-210.
  • McKenzie, K.S., Sarr, A.B., Mayura, K., Bailey, R.H., Miller, D.R., Rogers, T.D., Norred, W.P., Voss, K.A., Platner, R.D., Kubena, L.F., Phillips, T.D., 19 Oxidative degradation and detoxification of mycotoxins using a novel source of ozone. Food and Chemical Toxicology 35, 807-820. Mendoza, D.A., Perez-Arevalo, M., Gomez, C., Molero, G., Novoa, E., Rinco, H., Ascanio, E., 200 Effect of foodstuff contaminated with aflatoxin B-1 (0.07 mg/kg) on liver morphology and serum enzymes (AST and ALT) activity in broiler chickens. Revista Cientifica-Facultad De Ciencias Veterinarias 16 (1), 39-47. Miazzo, R., Peralta, M.F., Magnoli, C., Salvano, M., Ferrero, S., Chiacchiera, S.M., Carvalho, E.C.Q., Rosa, C.A.R., Dalcero, A., 2005. Efficacy of sodium bentonite as a detoxifier of broiler feed contaminated with aflatoxin and fumonisin. Poultry Science 84, 1-8.
  • Mishra, H.N., Das, C., 2003. A review on biological control and metabolism of aflatoxin. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 43 (3), 245-2
  • Muller, R.D., Carlson, C.W., Semeniuk, G., Harshfield, G.S., 1970. The response of chicks, duckling, goslings, pheasants and poults to graded levels of aflatoxins. Poultry Science 49, 1346-1350.
  • NRC (1994). National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Oguz, H., Kececi, T., Birdane, Y.O., Onder, F., Kurtoglu, V., 2000a. Effect of clinoptilolite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. Research in Veterinary Science 69, 89-93.
  • Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V., 2000. Effect of clinoptilolite on fattening performance of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science 41, 512-517.
  • Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V., Coskun, B., 2000b. Preventive efficacy of clinoptilolite in broilers during chronic aflatoxin (50 and 100 ppb) exposure. Research in Veterinary Science 69, 197-20
  • Ordinance, 2006. Ordinance 44/20.04.2006 for veterinary medical requirements to animal rearing facilities, Official Gazette 41 Appendix 9/ІІ, 61-62.
  • Osborne, D.J., Hamilton, P.B., 1981. Decreased pancreatic digestive enzymes during aflatoxicosis. Poultry Science 60, 1818-1821.
  • Phillips, T.D., Clement, B.A., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., 1990. Detection and detoxification of aflatoxins: Prevention of aflatoxicosis and aflatoxin residues with hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 3, 15-19.
  • Qureshi, M.A., Brake, J., Hamilton, P.B., Hagler, W.M., Nesheim, S., 1998. Dietary exposure of broiler breeders to aflatoxin results in immune dysfunction in progeny chicks. Poultry Science 77, 812-819.
  • Rayner, E.T., Dollear, F.G., 1968. Removal of aflatoxins from oilseed meals by extraction with aqueous isopropanol. Journal of the American Oil Chemistry Society 45, 662-624.
  • Rosa, C.A.R., Miazzo, R., Magnoli, C., Salvano, M., Chiacchiera, S.M., Ferrero, S., Saenz, M., Carvalho, E.C.Q., Dalcero, A., 200 Evaluation of the efficacy of bentonite from the south of Argentina to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broilers. Poultry Science 80, 139-144. Safamehr, A., 200 The performance and hematological characters in broiler chicks fed ammonia treted aflatoxin contaminated feed. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 7 (3), 331-336. Sakhare, P.S., Harne, S.D., Kalorey, D.R., Warke, S.R., Bhandarkar, A.G., Kurkure, N.V., 200 Effect of Toxiroak polyherbal feed supplement during induced aflatoxicosis, ochratoxicosis and combined mycotoxicoses in broilers. Veterinarski Arhiv 77, 129-146. Santurio, J.M., Mallmann, C.A., Rosa, A.P., Appel, G., Heer, A., Diageforde, S., Botticher, M., 19 Effect of sodium bentonite on the performance and blood variables of broiler chickens intoxicated with aflatoxin. British Poultry Science 40, 115-119. Scheideler, S.E., 1993. Effects of various types of aluminosilicates and aflatoxin B 1 on aflatoxin toxicity, chick performance, and mineral status. Poultry Science 72, 282-288.
  • Shashidhara, R.G., Devegowda, G., 2003. Effect of mannan oligosaccharide on broiler breeder production traits and immunity. Poultry Science 82, 1319-1325.
  • Shi, Y.H., Xu, Z.R., Feng, J.L., Wang, C.Z., 2006. Efficacy of modified montmorillonite nanocomposite to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Animal Feed Science and Technology 129, 138-148.
  • Smela, M.E., Currier, S.S., Bailey, E.A., Essigmann, J.M., 2001. The chemistry and biology of aflatoxin (B1): from mutational spectrometry to carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 22 (4), 535-545. Verma, J., Swain, B.K., Johri, T.S., 2002. Effect of various levels of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A and combinations on protein and energy utilisation in broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 82 (11), 1412-1417.
  • Xin-Yan, H., Qi-Chun, H., Wei-Fen, L., Jun-Fang, J., Zi-Rong, X., Xin-Yan, H., Qi-Chun, H., Wei-Fen, L., Jun-Fang, J., Zi-Rong, Xu., 200 Changes in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of cherry valley ducks in response to aflatoxin B 1 levels. Livestock Science 119, 216-2
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

İvan Valchev Bu kişi benim

Nely Groseva Bu kişi benim

Rumen Bınev Bu kişi benim

Lazarin Lazarov Bu kişi benim

Dian Kanakov Bu kişi benim

Tsanko Hrıstov Bu kişi benim

Yordan Nıkolov Bu kişi benim

Krassimira Uzunova Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Mart 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Valchev, İ., Groseva, N., Bınev, R., Lazarov, L., vd. (2013). Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(2), 238-247. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.67877
AMA Valchev İ, Groseva N, Bınev R, Lazarov L, Kanakov D, Hrıstov T, Nıkolov Y, Uzunova K. Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis. iuvfd. Mart 2013;39(2):238-247. doi:10.16988/iuvfd.67877
Chicago Valchev, İvan, Nely Groseva, Rumen Bınev, Lazarin Lazarov, Dian Kanakov, Tsanko Hrıstov, Yordan Nıkolov, ve Krassimira Uzunova. “Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards With Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 39, sy. 2 (Mart 2013): 238-47. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.67877.
EndNote Valchev İ, Groseva N, Bınev R, Lazarov L, Kanakov D, Hrıstov T, Nıkolov Y, Uzunova K (01 Mart 2013) Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 39 2 238–247.
IEEE İ. Valchev, “Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis”, iuvfd, c. 39, sy. 2, ss. 238–247, 2013, doi: 10.16988/iuvfd.67877.
ISNAD Valchev, İvan vd. “Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards With Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 39/2 (Mart 2013), 238-247. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.67877.
JAMA Valchev İ, Groseva N, Bınev R, Lazarov L, Kanakov D, Hrıstov T, Nıkolov Y, Uzunova K. Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis. iuvfd. 2013;39:238–247.
MLA Valchev, İvan vd. “Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards With Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 39, sy. 2, 2013, ss. 238-47, doi:10.16988/iuvfd.67877.
Vancouver Valchev İ, Groseva N, Bınev R, Lazarov L, Kanakov D, Hrıstov T, Nıkolov Y, Uzunova K. Investigations on Production Traits of Mulards with Experimentally Induced Aflatoxicosis. iuvfd. 2013;39(2):238-47.