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Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1)

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1, 50 - 59, 05.01.2015

Öz

To determine the phylogenic position and genetic diversity of Nematodirella cameli two portions of nuclear ribosomal DNA, 18S rDNA and mitochondrial DNA gene, the subunit 1 of cytochrome C oxidase gene (CO1) were sequenced and compared with those previously reported for other nematodes in Trichostrongylina. The phylogenetic trees constructed based upon the 18S rDNA sequences, yielded strong support for close relationship between the N. cameli and Nematodirus battus, with a high bootstrap value of 100%. In the present research, the level of sequence polymorphism among N. cameli isolates was higher for CO1 with 32 polymorphic sites compared to 18S rDNA sequence. Accordingly, molecular assays based on CO1 mitochondrial marker, demonstrated the existence of at least 11 distinct haplotypes (accession nos. JX305966 to JX305976) with an intraspecific diversity of 3-7% in Iran. Whereas, all of N. cameli samples examined herein (n=11), had a unique 18S sequence (accession no. JX305977). In addition, N. cameli CO1 sequences found in this study showed maximum identities to Haemonchus (88%) and Ostertagia (87%) in BLAST analysis for existing Trichostrongylina sequences. Further information is necessary to infer interspecific and intraspecific phylogenetic relationships between genera and species in Trichostrongylina. This study describes for the first time the nuclear 18S rDNA and mitochondrial CO1 sequence data from Nematodirella cameli species.

Kaynakça

  • Abebe, E., Mekete, T., Thomas, W.K., 2011. A critique of current methods in nematode taxonomy. African Journal of Biotechnology 10, 312-323.
  • Ahmed, M., Singh, M.N., Bera, A.K., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhattacharya, D., 2011. Molecular basis for identification of species/isolates of gastrointestinal nematode parasites. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 4, 589-593.
  • Anderson, T.J., Blouin, M.S., Beech, R.M., 1998. Population biology of parasitic nematodes: applications of genetic markers. Advances in Parasitology 41, 220- 285.
  • Audebert, F., Chilton, N., Justine, J.L., Gallut, C., Tillier, A., Durette-Desset, M.C., 2005. Additional molecular evidence to support a sister taxon relationship between nematodes (Trichostrongylina). Parasitology Research 96, 343-346. and Molineoidea
  • Blaxter, M., Dorris, M., Ley, P.D., 2000. Patterns and processes in the evolution of animal parasitic nematodes. Nematology 2, 43-55.
  • Blaxter, M., Floyd, R., 2003. Molecular taxonomics for biodiversity surveys: Already a reality. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18, 268-269.
  • Blaxter, M.L., De Ley, P., Garey, J.R., Liu, L.X., Scheldeman, P., Vierstraete, A., Vanfleteren, J.R., Mackey, L.Y., Dorris, M., Frisse, L.M., Vida, J.T., Thomas, W.K., 1998. A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda. Nature 392, 71-75.
  • Blouin, M.S., Yowell, C.A., Courtney, C.H., Dame, J.B., 1997. Haemonchus placei and Haemonchus contortus are distinct species based on mtDNA evidence. International Journal for Parasitology 27, 1383-1387.
  • Blouin, M.S., Yowell, C.A., Courtney, C.H., Dame, J.B., 1998. Substitution bias, rapid saturation and the use of mtDNA for nematode systematics. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15, 1719-1727.
  • Borji, H., Razmi, G.H., Movassaghi, A.R., Naghibi, A.G., Maleki, M., 2010. A study on gastrointestinal helminths of camels in Mashhad abattoir, Iran. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 11, 174-179.
  • Bowles, J., Blair, D., McManus, D.P., 1992. Genetic variants within the genus Echinococcus identified by mitochondrial Biochemical Parasitology 54, 165-174. Molecular and
  • Brianti, E., Gaglio, G., Giannetto, S., Annoscia, G., Latrofa, M.S., Dantas-Torres, F., Otranto, D., 2012. Troglostrongylus subcrenatus (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae) as agents of broncho-pulmonary infestation in domestic cats. Parasites and Vectors 5, 178. and Troglostrongylus
  • Chilton, N.B., Hoste, H., Hung, G.C., Beveridge, I., Gasser, R.B., 1997. The 5.8 S rDNA sequences of 18 species of bursate nematodes (order Strongylida): Comparison with International Journal for Parasitology 27, 119-124. tylenchid nematodes.
  • Chilton, N.B., Huby-Chilton, F., Gasser, R.B., Beveridge, I., 2006. The evolutionary origins of nematodes within the order Strongylida are related to predilection sites within hosts. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40, 118-128.
  • Dakkak, A., Ouhelli, H., 1987. Helminths and helminthoses of the dromedary. A review of the literature. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 6, 447-461
  • Denver, D.R., Morris, K., Lynch, M., Vassilieva, L., Thomas, W.K., 2000. High direct estimate of the mutation rate in the mitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans. Science 289, 2342-2344.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C, Chabaud, A.G., 1977. Essai de classification des Nematodes Trichostrongyloidea. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 52, 539-558.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C, Chabaud, A.G., 1981. Nouvel essai de classification des Nematodes Trichostrongyloidea. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 56, 297-312.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1979. Les Nematodirinae (Nematoda) chez les ruminants et chez les lagomorphes. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 54, 313-339.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1983. Keys to the genera of the superfamily Trichostrongyloidea. No. 10. CIH keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates, Anderson RC, Chabaud AG (Eds.). Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK, pp. 1-86.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1985. Trichostrongyloid nematodes and their vertebrate hosts: Reconstruction of the phylogeny of a parasitic group. Advances in Parasitology 24, 239-306.
  • Durettle-Desset, M.C., Bereridge, I., Spratt, D.M., 1994. The origins and evolutionary expansion of strongylida (Nematoda). International Journal for Parasitology 24, 1139-1165.
  • El Bihari, S., 1985. Helminths of the camel: A review. British Veterinary Journal 141, 315-325.
  • Evans, K., 1995. Closing the gap between molecular biologists and traditional nematologists. Nematologica 41, 385- 394.
  • Gasser, R.B., Newton, S.E., 2000. Genomic and genetic research implications and prospects. International Journal for Parasitology 30, 509-534. nematodes significance
  • Gouy de Bellocq, J., Ferté, H., Depaquit, J., Justine, J.L., Tillier, A., Durette-Desset, M.C., 2001. Phylogeny of the Trichostrongylina (Nematoda) inferred from 28S rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19, 430-442.
  • Hoberg, E.P., Lichtenfels, J.R., Rickard, L.G., 2005. Phylogeny for Trichostrongylina). The Journal of Parasitology 91, 382-389. (Nematoda:
  • Hoberg, E.P., Monsen, K.J., Kutz, S., Blouin, M.S., 1999. Structure, biodiversity and historical biogeography of nematode Morphological Teladorsagia boreoarcticus sp. n. (Nematoda: Ostertagiinae), a dimorphic cryptic species in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus). The Journal of Parasitology 85, 910-934. holarctic ruminants: and diagnoses for
  • Lichtenfels, J.R., Pilitt, P.A., 1983. Cuticular ridge patterns of Nematodirella (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) of North American ruminants, with a key to species. Systematic Parasitology 5, 271-285.
  • Maggenti, A.R., 1991. General nematode morphology. In: W.R., Nickel (Ed) Manual of Agricultural Nematology. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 1-46.
  • Moghaddar, N., Oryan, A., Gorjipour, S., Akbari, M.A., 2011. Studies on seasonal prevalence and clinico-pathology of gastrointestinal helminthes of camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran with special reference to Nematodirinae nematodes. Journal of Camel Practice and Research 17, 174-150.
  • Nadler, A., 1992. Phylogeny of some ascaridoid nematodes, inferred from comparison of 18S and 28S rRNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution 9, 932- 944.
  • Neres, P.F., Au-Da Fonseca-Genevois, V.G., Torres, R.A., Da Fonseca Cavalcanti, M., De Castro, F.J.V., Da Silva, N.R.R., Rieger, T.T., Decraemer, W., 2010. Morphological and molecular taxonomy of a new Daptonema (Nematoda, Xyalidae) with comments on the systematics of some related taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158, 1-15.
  • Parsani, H.R., Veer, S., Momin, R.R., 2008. Common parasitic diseases of camel. Veterinary World 1, 317-318.
  • Powers, T.O., Todd, T.C., Burnell, A.M., Murray, P.C.B., Fleming, C.C., Szalanski, A.L., Adams, B.A., Harris, T.S., 1997. The rDNA internal transcribed spacer region as a taxonomic marker for nematodes. Journal of Nematology 29, 441-450.
  • Rajevskaja, Z.A., Badanin, N.H., 1941. Helmintos dos camelos ea luta contra êles. Biblioteca Helmintol 6, 1-116.
  • Rossi, P., 1983. On the genus Nematodirus Ransom 1907 (Nematoda: Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 58, 557.
  • Selim, M.K., Rahman, M.S., 1972. Enteric nematodes of camels in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 9, 75-80. Sharifiyazdi, H., Modarresmusavi, characterization of Nematodirella cameli through internal transcribed spacer rDNA. Online Journal of Veterinary Research 15, 500-510. Gorjipour, S., 2011. Genetic
  • Soulsby, E.J.L., 1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th ed. Bailliere Tindall. London, pp. 213-252.
  • Subbotin, S., Halford, P., Warry, A., Perry, R., 2000. Variations in ribosomal DNA sequences and phylogeny of Globodera parasitizing solanaceous plants. Nematology 2, 591-604.
  • Susurluk, A., Tarasco, E., Ehlers1 R., Triggiani, O., 2007. Molecular characterization of entomopathogenic nematodes isolated in Italy by PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit. Nematologia Mediterranea 35, 23-28.
  • Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2007. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24, 1596-1599.
  • Thomas, W.K., Vida, J.T., Frisse, L.M., Mundo, M., Baldwin, J.G., 1997. DNA sequences from formalin-fixed nematodes: Integrated molecular and morphological approaches to taxonomy. Journal of Nematology 29, 250-254.
  • Zarlenga, D.S., Lichtenfels, J.R., Stringfellow, F., 1994. Cloning and sequence analysis of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene from Nematodirus battus. The Journal of Parasitology 80, 342-344.

Nematodirella cameli‘nin 18S rDNA ve Sitokrom c Oksidaz Subunit 1 (C01)’e Dayalı Genetik Karakterizasyonu

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1, 50 - 59, 05.01.2015

Öz

Nematodirella cameli’nin filojenik pozisyonu ve genetik çeşitliliğini belirlemek amacıyla nüklear ribozomal DNA’nın iki kısmı olan 18S rDNA ile sitokrom C oksidaz geninin (C01) subünite 1 olan mitokondriyal DNA geni sıralandı ve Trichostrongylina’daki diğer nematodlar için daha önce bildirilmiş olanlarla karşılaştırıldı. 18S rDNA sekanslarına dayandırılarak oluşturulan filogenetik ağaçlar,  %100’lük yüksek bir önyükleme değeri ile N. cameli ve Nematodirus battus arasında yakın bir bağlantı olduğuna dair güçlü bir destek oluşturdu. Mevcut çalışmada, N.cameli izolatları arasındaki sekans polimorfizm düzeyi,  C01’de 32 polimorfik konum ile 18S rDNA sekansına oranla daha yüksekti. Bununla bağlantılı olarak, İran’da C01 mitokondriyel markerine dayandırılarak yapılan moleküler testler, % 3-7 arasındaki bir intraspesifik çeşitlilik ile en az 11 belirgin haplotip varlığını gösterdi (Katılım No JX305966 ile JX305976 arası). Öte yandan, burada incelenen tüm N.cameli örneklerinin (n=11) özgün bir 185 dizilişi mevcuttu (Katılım No: JX305977). Buna ilaveten, bu çalışmada bulunan N.cameli C01 dizilişleri mevcut Trichostrongylina dizilişleri için BLAST analizinde en çok Haemonchus (%88) ve Ostertagia (%87) yapısı gösterdi. Trichostrongylina‘daki cinsler ve türler arasındaki interspesifik ve intraspesifik filogenetik ilişkileri gösterebilmek için daha ileri bilgiler gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma ilk kez olarak Nematodirella cameli türlerindeki nüklear 18S rDNA ve mitokondriyal C01 diziliş verilerini tanımlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Abebe, E., Mekete, T., Thomas, W.K., 2011. A critique of current methods in nematode taxonomy. African Journal of Biotechnology 10, 312-323.
  • Ahmed, M., Singh, M.N., Bera, A.K., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhattacharya, D., 2011. Molecular basis for identification of species/isolates of gastrointestinal nematode parasites. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 4, 589-593.
  • Anderson, T.J., Blouin, M.S., Beech, R.M., 1998. Population biology of parasitic nematodes: applications of genetic markers. Advances in Parasitology 41, 220- 285.
  • Audebert, F., Chilton, N., Justine, J.L., Gallut, C., Tillier, A., Durette-Desset, M.C., 2005. Additional molecular evidence to support a sister taxon relationship between nematodes (Trichostrongylina). Parasitology Research 96, 343-346. and Molineoidea
  • Blaxter, M., Dorris, M., Ley, P.D., 2000. Patterns and processes in the evolution of animal parasitic nematodes. Nematology 2, 43-55.
  • Blaxter, M., Floyd, R., 2003. Molecular taxonomics for biodiversity surveys: Already a reality. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18, 268-269.
  • Blaxter, M.L., De Ley, P., Garey, J.R., Liu, L.X., Scheldeman, P., Vierstraete, A., Vanfleteren, J.R., Mackey, L.Y., Dorris, M., Frisse, L.M., Vida, J.T., Thomas, W.K., 1998. A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda. Nature 392, 71-75.
  • Blouin, M.S., Yowell, C.A., Courtney, C.H., Dame, J.B., 1997. Haemonchus placei and Haemonchus contortus are distinct species based on mtDNA evidence. International Journal for Parasitology 27, 1383-1387.
  • Blouin, M.S., Yowell, C.A., Courtney, C.H., Dame, J.B., 1998. Substitution bias, rapid saturation and the use of mtDNA for nematode systematics. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15, 1719-1727.
  • Borji, H., Razmi, G.H., Movassaghi, A.R., Naghibi, A.G., Maleki, M., 2010. A study on gastrointestinal helminths of camels in Mashhad abattoir, Iran. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 11, 174-179.
  • Bowles, J., Blair, D., McManus, D.P., 1992. Genetic variants within the genus Echinococcus identified by mitochondrial Biochemical Parasitology 54, 165-174. Molecular and
  • Brianti, E., Gaglio, G., Giannetto, S., Annoscia, G., Latrofa, M.S., Dantas-Torres, F., Otranto, D., 2012. Troglostrongylus subcrenatus (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae) as agents of broncho-pulmonary infestation in domestic cats. Parasites and Vectors 5, 178. and Troglostrongylus
  • Chilton, N.B., Hoste, H., Hung, G.C., Beveridge, I., Gasser, R.B., 1997. The 5.8 S rDNA sequences of 18 species of bursate nematodes (order Strongylida): Comparison with International Journal for Parasitology 27, 119-124. tylenchid nematodes.
  • Chilton, N.B., Huby-Chilton, F., Gasser, R.B., Beveridge, I., 2006. The evolutionary origins of nematodes within the order Strongylida are related to predilection sites within hosts. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40, 118-128.
  • Dakkak, A., Ouhelli, H., 1987. Helminths and helminthoses of the dromedary. A review of the literature. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 6, 447-461
  • Denver, D.R., Morris, K., Lynch, M., Vassilieva, L., Thomas, W.K., 2000. High direct estimate of the mutation rate in the mitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans. Science 289, 2342-2344.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C, Chabaud, A.G., 1977. Essai de classification des Nematodes Trichostrongyloidea. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 52, 539-558.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C, Chabaud, A.G., 1981. Nouvel essai de classification des Nematodes Trichostrongyloidea. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 56, 297-312.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1979. Les Nematodirinae (Nematoda) chez les ruminants et chez les lagomorphes. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 54, 313-339.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1983. Keys to the genera of the superfamily Trichostrongyloidea. No. 10. CIH keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates, Anderson RC, Chabaud AG (Eds.). Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK, pp. 1-86.
  • Durette-Desset, M.C., 1985. Trichostrongyloid nematodes and their vertebrate hosts: Reconstruction of the phylogeny of a parasitic group. Advances in Parasitology 24, 239-306.
  • Durettle-Desset, M.C., Bereridge, I., Spratt, D.M., 1994. The origins and evolutionary expansion of strongylida (Nematoda). International Journal for Parasitology 24, 1139-1165.
  • El Bihari, S., 1985. Helminths of the camel: A review. British Veterinary Journal 141, 315-325.
  • Evans, K., 1995. Closing the gap between molecular biologists and traditional nematologists. Nematologica 41, 385- 394.
  • Gasser, R.B., Newton, S.E., 2000. Genomic and genetic research implications and prospects. International Journal for Parasitology 30, 509-534. nematodes significance
  • Gouy de Bellocq, J., Ferté, H., Depaquit, J., Justine, J.L., Tillier, A., Durette-Desset, M.C., 2001. Phylogeny of the Trichostrongylina (Nematoda) inferred from 28S rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19, 430-442.
  • Hoberg, E.P., Lichtenfels, J.R., Rickard, L.G., 2005. Phylogeny for Trichostrongylina). The Journal of Parasitology 91, 382-389. (Nematoda:
  • Hoberg, E.P., Monsen, K.J., Kutz, S., Blouin, M.S., 1999. Structure, biodiversity and historical biogeography of nematode Morphological Teladorsagia boreoarcticus sp. n. (Nematoda: Ostertagiinae), a dimorphic cryptic species in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus). The Journal of Parasitology 85, 910-934. holarctic ruminants: and diagnoses for
  • Lichtenfels, J.R., Pilitt, P.A., 1983. Cuticular ridge patterns of Nematodirella (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) of North American ruminants, with a key to species. Systematic Parasitology 5, 271-285.
  • Maggenti, A.R., 1991. General nematode morphology. In: W.R., Nickel (Ed) Manual of Agricultural Nematology. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 1-46.
  • Moghaddar, N., Oryan, A., Gorjipour, S., Akbari, M.A., 2011. Studies on seasonal prevalence and clinico-pathology of gastrointestinal helminthes of camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran with special reference to Nematodirinae nematodes. Journal of Camel Practice and Research 17, 174-150.
  • Nadler, A., 1992. Phylogeny of some ascaridoid nematodes, inferred from comparison of 18S and 28S rRNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution 9, 932- 944.
  • Neres, P.F., Au-Da Fonseca-Genevois, V.G., Torres, R.A., Da Fonseca Cavalcanti, M., De Castro, F.J.V., Da Silva, N.R.R., Rieger, T.T., Decraemer, W., 2010. Morphological and molecular taxonomy of a new Daptonema (Nematoda, Xyalidae) with comments on the systematics of some related taxa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158, 1-15.
  • Parsani, H.R., Veer, S., Momin, R.R., 2008. Common parasitic diseases of camel. Veterinary World 1, 317-318.
  • Powers, T.O., Todd, T.C., Burnell, A.M., Murray, P.C.B., Fleming, C.C., Szalanski, A.L., Adams, B.A., Harris, T.S., 1997. The rDNA internal transcribed spacer region as a taxonomic marker for nematodes. Journal of Nematology 29, 441-450.
  • Rajevskaja, Z.A., Badanin, N.H., 1941. Helmintos dos camelos ea luta contra êles. Biblioteca Helmintol 6, 1-116.
  • Rossi, P., 1983. On the genus Nematodirus Ransom 1907 (Nematoda: Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 58, 557.
  • Selim, M.K., Rahman, M.S., 1972. Enteric nematodes of camels in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 9, 75-80. Sharifiyazdi, H., Modarresmusavi, characterization of Nematodirella cameli through internal transcribed spacer rDNA. Online Journal of Veterinary Research 15, 500-510. Gorjipour, S., 2011. Genetic
  • Soulsby, E.J.L., 1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th ed. Bailliere Tindall. London, pp. 213-252.
  • Subbotin, S., Halford, P., Warry, A., Perry, R., 2000. Variations in ribosomal DNA sequences and phylogeny of Globodera parasitizing solanaceous plants. Nematology 2, 591-604.
  • Susurluk, A., Tarasco, E., Ehlers1 R., Triggiani, O., 2007. Molecular characterization of entomopathogenic nematodes isolated in Italy by PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit. Nematologia Mediterranea 35, 23-28.
  • Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2007. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24, 1596-1599.
  • Thomas, W.K., Vida, J.T., Frisse, L.M., Mundo, M., Baldwin, J.G., 1997. DNA sequences from formalin-fixed nematodes: Integrated molecular and morphological approaches to taxonomy. Journal of Nematology 29, 250-254.
  • Zarlenga, D.S., Lichtenfels, J.R., Stringfellow, F., 1994. Cloning and sequence analysis of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene from Nematodirus battus. The Journal of Parasitology 80, 342-344.
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hassan Sharıfıyazdı Bu kişi benim

Nasrin Moghaddar Bu kişi benim

Imaneh Delavarı Bu kişi benim

Sedigheh Gorjıpoor Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Sharıfıyazdı, H., Moghaddar, N., Delavarı, I., Gorjıpoor, S. (2015). Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(1), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348
AMA Sharıfıyazdı H, Moghaddar N, Delavarı I, Gorjıpoor S. Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). iuvfd. Ocak 2015;41(1):50-59. doi:10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348
Chicago Sharıfıyazdı, Hassan, Nasrin Moghaddar, Imaneh Delavarı, ve Sedigheh Gorjıpoor. “Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella Cameli Based on 18S RDNA and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1)”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 41, sy. 1 (Ocak 2015): 50-59. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348.
EndNote Sharıfıyazdı H, Moghaddar N, Delavarı I, Gorjıpoor S (01 Ocak 2015) Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 41 1 50–59.
IEEE H. Sharıfıyazdı, N. Moghaddar, I. Delavarı, ve S. Gorjıpoor, “Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1)”, iuvfd, c. 41, sy. 1, ss. 50–59, 2015, doi: 10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348.
ISNAD Sharıfıyazdı, Hassan vd. “Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella Cameli Based on 18S RDNA and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1)”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 41/1 (Ocak 2015), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348.
JAMA Sharıfıyazdı H, Moghaddar N, Delavarı I, Gorjıpoor S. Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). iuvfd. 2015;41:50–59.
MLA Sharıfıyazdı, Hassan vd. “Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella Cameli Based on 18S RDNA and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1)”. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 41, sy. 1, 2015, ss. 50-59, doi:10.16988/iuvfd.2015.36348.
Vancouver Sharıfıyazdı H, Moghaddar N, Delavarı I, Gorjıpoor S. Genetic Characterization of Nematodirella cameli Based on 18S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1). iuvfd. 2015;41(1):50-9.