Araştırma Makalesi

What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?

Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2 25 Ekim 2023
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What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?

Öz

In statistics, it is assumed that the data suitable for parametric tests exhibit a normal distribution. In other words, before running parametric tests, it is essential to check whether the data set follows a normal distribution. Parametric tests can only be applied to data that adhere to a normal distribution. The Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (Lilliefors modification) tests are among the most commonly utilised methods for testing normality. However, these tests were originally developed for rational numbers. The use of these tests for Likert-type digital or face-to-face survey data has always been a topic of discussion. Even if the measurement tools consist of at least three items, the data sets are dominated by repeated values. Again, there are different opinions on the acceptable range for kurtosis and skewness values. With this study, it was determined that the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (Lilliefors modification) test is not suitable for testing the normality of Likert-type digital or face-to-face survey data. In addition, the coefficients of kurtosis and skewness within the range of (-1, +1) range are acceptable for normality. For this reason, it is recommended not to use goodness-of-fit tests such as Shapiro-Wilk or Kolmogorov-Smirnov for testing the normality of interval scale data collected through questionnaires.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. De Carlo, L.T. (1997). “On the meaning and use of kurtosis”. Psychological Methods, 2, 292-307.
  2. George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Fifteenth edition, Routledge.
  3. Groeneveld, R. A., & Meeden, G. (1984). “Measuring Skewness and Kurtosis”. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series D (The Statistician), 33(4), 391–399.
  4. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2019). Multivariate data analysis, Eighth Edition. Cengage Learning EMEA.
  5. Haşıloğlu, S.B. (2022). Pazarlama Araştırması ve Analitiği, Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi
  6. Hopkins, K.D. & Weeks, D.L. (1990). “Tests for normality and measures of skewness and kurtosis: Their place in research reporting”. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 50, 717-729.
  7. Kalburan, C., Hasiloglu, S.B., & Bardakci, A. (2019). “Does a difference in the number of response categories change the results for ACSI in the mobile phone sector?”. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 17(6), 746-759.
  8. Keskin, S. (2006). “Comparison of several univariate normality tests regarding type I error rate and power of the test in simulation based small samples”. Journal of Applied Science Research, 2(5), 296-300.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Veri Analizi, Yöneylem Araştırması, İstatistiksel Veri Bilimi, Pazarlama (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

25 Ekim 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Ağustos 2023

Kabul Tarihi

23 Ekim 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Haşıloğlu, S. B., & Hasiloglu Ciftciler, M. (2023). What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data? Journal of Internet Applications and Management, 14(2), 54-69. https://doi.org/10.34231/iuyd.1346463
AMA
1.Haşıloğlu SB, Hasiloglu Ciftciler M. What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data? iuyd. 2023;14(2):54-69. doi:10.34231/iuyd.1346463
Chicago
Haşıloğlu, Selçuk Burak, ve Melda Hasiloglu Ciftciler. 2023. “What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?”. Journal of Internet Applications and Management 14 (2): 54-69. https://doi.org/10.34231/iuyd.1346463.
EndNote
Haşıloğlu SB, Hasiloglu Ciftciler M (01 Ekim 2023) What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data? Journal of Internet Applications and Management 14 2 54–69.
IEEE
[1]S. B. Haşıloğlu ve M. Hasiloglu Ciftciler, “What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?”, iuyd, c. 14, sy 2, ss. 54–69, Eki. 2023, doi: 10.34231/iuyd.1346463.
ISNAD
Haşıloğlu, Selçuk Burak - Hasiloglu Ciftciler, Melda. “What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?”. Journal of Internet Applications and Management 14/2 (01 Ekim 2023): 54-69. https://doi.org/10.34231/iuyd.1346463.
JAMA
1.Haşıloğlu SB, Hasiloglu Ciftciler M. What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data? iuyd. 2023;14:54–69.
MLA
Haşıloğlu, Selçuk Burak, ve Melda Hasiloglu Ciftciler. “What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data?”. Journal of Internet Applications and Management, c. 14, sy 2, Ekim 2023, ss. 54-69, doi:10.34231/iuyd.1346463.
Vancouver
1.Selçuk Burak Haşıloğlu, Melda Hasiloglu Ciftciler. What Should be The Measure of Conformity to Normal Distribution (Normality) Test in Likert Type Digital and Face-To-Face Survey Data? iuyd. 01 Ekim 2023;14(2):54-69. doi:10.34231/iuyd.1346463

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