Hava Kargo Endüstrisinde Dijitalleşme: IATA Programları Üzerine Bir Vaka Çalışması

Öz

Parçalı bir yapısı olan ve karmaşık tedarik zincirlerinden oluşan hava kargo sektörü dijital entegrasyon konusunda diğer sektörlere göre daha yavaş ilerlemektedir. Zaman ve maliyet baskısıyla operasyon yürüten bir sektör olarak özellikle pandemi sonrasında hava kargoda dijitalleşme süreci hız kazanmış ve en öncelikli hedeflerden biri haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma hava kargo sektöründe uluslararası dijitalleşme girişimlerini IATA çatısı altında başlatılan dijitalleşme programları üzerine bir vaka çalışmasıyla betimsel olarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Hava kargo özelinde, güncel küresel programların neler olduğu ve bu programların tedarik zinciri entegrasyonunu nasıl tesis ettiği açıklanarak konuyla ilgili literatür genişletilmiştir. Çalışmanın en önemli bulguları arasında elektronik navlun uygulamalarının dijitalleşmenin öncülü olan dijitizasyonu oluşturması ve böylece hava kargoda daha gelişmiş dijital dönüşüm programlarına olanak sağlamasıdır. Ayrıca, hava kargo paydaşlarınca dijitalleşme adaptasyonunu artırmak için, ücretsiz destek araçları ve platformlar gibi hizmetlerin sunulması, hava kargoda dijitalleşmenin aciliyetine bağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• uluslararası lojistik
• hava kargo
• dijitalleşme
• tedarik zinciri entegrasyonu

Digitalization in the Air Cargo Industry: A Case Study on IATA Programs

Öz

The air cargo sector, which has a fragmented structure and consists of complex supply chains, is progressing more slowly than other sectors in terms of digital integration. As an industry that operates under time and cost pressure, the digitalization process in air cargo has accelerated especially after the pandemic and has become one of the top priorities. This study aims to conduct a descriptive analysis on international digitalization initiatives in the air cargo sector with a case study approach on the IATA digitalization programs. Particularly for air cargo, the literature on the subject is expanded by identifying the current global programs and by explaining how these programs establish supply chain integration. Among the most important findings of the study is that electronic freight applications constitute digitization, the precursor to digitalization, thus enabling more advanced digital transformation programs in air cargo. Additionally, in order to increase digitalization adaptation by air cargo stakeholders, provision of services such as free support tools and platforms can be attributed to the urgency of digitalization in air cargo.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• international logistics
• air cargo
• digitalization
• supply chain integration

Kaynakça

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