Acil Servise Başvuran Psikiyatrik Olgular ve Konsültasyon-Liyezon Psikiyatrisi: Bir Derleme

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 31 - 52, 31.08.2020

Mehmet Hamdi Örüm

Öz

Psikiyatrik acil durumlar, bir hastanın, tedavi edilmediği takdirde kendisine veya çevredeki diğer kişilere zarar verebilecek akut bir davranış, düşünce veya ruh hali bozukluğu olarak tanımlanabilir. Psikiyatrik aciller hasta ve yakınlarında gerilime neden olur. Bu kriz durumlarının yönetimi, iyi bir organizasyon, etkin bir donanım ve profesyonel yaklaşımlar gerektirir. Acil servis personeli stresle etkin bir şekilde baş edebilme, olayları değerlendirip doğru ve hızlı karar verebilme, sabırlı ve sakin olma özelliklerine sahip olmalıdır. Psikiyatrik aciller üç grupta toplanır: Bireyin yaşamını tehdit eden durumlar (intihar, entoksikasyon vb), başkalarının yaşamını tehdit eden durumlar (saldırganlık) ve yaşamın akışını tehdit eden durumlar (psikotik atak, yas reaksiyonu, istismar vb). Psikiyatrik acillerde amaç hasta ve yakınlarının stresini azaltmak, krizi kontrol altına almak ve genel olarak acil durumu yatıştırmaktır. Antipsikotikler ve anksiyolitikler tedavide en sık kullanılan farmakolojik ajanlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acil Tıp, Psikiyatrik Aciller, Konsültasyon, İntihar, Ajitasyon

Psychiatric Cases Admitted to the Emergency Department and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry: A Review

Öz

Psychiatric emergencies can be defined as an acute disturbance of behaviour, thought or mood of a patient which if untreated may lead to harm, either to the individual or to others in the environment. Psychiatric emergencies cause intensity in the patient and their relatives. Management of these crisis situations requires a good organization, effective equipment and professional approaches. Emergency department stuff should have the ability to deal effectively with stress, to evaluate situations and make correct and fast decisions, to be patient and calm. Psychiatric emergencies are divided into three groups: situations that threaten the individual's life (suicide, intoxication, etc.), situations that threaten the life of others (aggression, etc.), and situations that threaten the flow of life (psychotic attack, grief reaction, abuse, etc.). The aim of psychiatric emergencies is to reduce the stress of patients and their relatives, to control the crisis and to calm the emergency situation in general. Antipsychotics and anxiolytics are the most commonly used pharmacological agents in treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emergency Medicine, Psychiatric Emergencies, Consultation, Suicide, Agitation

Kaynakça

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