THE OCCURRENCE OF Ligula intestinalis IN ITS FISH HOST Rutilus rutilus (L.) AND THE EFFECTS OF PARASITE ON THE FISH GROWTH (BÜYÜKÇEKMECE RESERVOIR, TURKEY)

Yıl 2016, , 142 - 150, 20.04.2016

Gülşah Saç , Elif Ece Serezli Hacer Okgerman

https://doi.org/10.3153/JAEFR16016

Öz

Roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus,
1758) is a very common fish
species for Turkish inland waters, especially in Büyükçekmece Reservoir
(İstanbul). The species is one
of the most caught fish species and holds economic consumption value even
though it is mostly infected by Ligula intestinalis (Linnaeus,
1758), a pseudophyllidean cestode causing severe pathological effects on
fishes. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of L. intestinalis plerocercoids in its
fish host R. rutilus and investigate
the effects of the parasite on the condition of the fish. With this purpose,
the fish specimens have captured from Büyükçekmece Reservoir with using
gillnets having different mesh sizes (10×10 mm, 20×20 mm, 30×30 mm, 40×40 mm
and 50×50 mm) from March 2009 to February 2010. The fork length and body weight
of fish specimens (n=1857) were varied between 6.0–29.2 cm and 2.53–561.00 g, respectively. In total, 4.52% of
specimens were infected by the plerocercoids. Infection by L. intestinalis was observed during
summer, autumn and winter months but not spring. Parasite-host index (PSI %), prevalence (%) and mean
intensity of plerocercoids for infected fishes were calculated, monthly. PSI
(%) was estimated maximum in January as 18.49% while prevalence (%) was 32.31%
in July and mean intensity of plerocercoids is 6.0 in October. Statistically significant
differences
between K values of non-infected and infected specimens among length groups and
months were recorded (Mann-Whitney U Test, p<0.05). Results showed that, L. intestinalis plerocercoids seem to be affected significantly on
the condition and body health of its host R.
rutilus. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plerocercoid, Condition, Intensity, Parasite-host index, Prevalence

Kaynakça

• Akmirza, A. (2007). The effect of Ligula intestinalis L. plerocercoid on the growth of bitterling (Rhodeus amarus Bloch, 1782). Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 13, 155-160.
• Bouzid, W., Štefka, J., Hypša, V., Lek, S., Scholz, T., Legal, L., Kalthoum, O., Hassine, B. & Loot, G. (2008). Geography and host specificity: Two forces behind the genetic structure of the freshwater fish parasite Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae). International Journal for Parasitology, 38, 1465-1479.
• Bush, A.O., Lafferty, K.D., Lotz, J.M. & Shostak, A.W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al., revisited. The Journal of Parasitology, 83, 575-583.
• Carter, V., Pierce, R., Arme, C. & Hole, D. (2005). The tapeworm Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) inhibits LH expression and puberty in its teleost host, Rutilus rutilus. Reproduction, 130, 939-945.
• Ergönül, M.B. & Altındağ, A. (2005). The effects of Ligula intestinalis plerocercoids on the growth features of tench, Tinca tinca in Mogan Lake (Ankara, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 29, 1337-1341.
• Dejen, E., Vijverberg, J. & Sibbing, F.A. (2006). Spatial and temporal variation of cestode infection and its effects on two small barbs (Barbus humilis and Barbus tanapelagius) in Lake Tuna, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia, 556, 109-117.
• Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor, weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241-253.
• Geldiay, R. & Balık, S. (2007). Türkiye Tatlısu Balıkları. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fak.Yayın No: 46 (V. Baskı) İzmir 644 s.
• Hecker, M. & Kabre, L. (2005). Parasitism in fish–an endocrine modulator of ecological relevance? Aquatic Toxicology, 72: 195-207.
• İnnal, D., Keskin, N. & Erk’akan, F. (2007). Distribituan of Ligula intestinalis (L.) in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7, 19-22.
• Jopling, S. & Taylor, C.R. (2003). Endocrine disruption, parasites and pollutants in wild freshwater fish. Parasitology, 126, 103-108.
• Kelle, A. (1978). Ligula intestinalis L.’in bazı balık türlerinde (Acanthobrama marmid Heckel, 1843; Chalcalburnus mossulensis Heckel, 1843) boy-ağırlık ilişkileri ve biyometrik karakterleri üzerine etkileri. Ege Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Dergisi S.B., 2, 95-107.
• Kennedy, C.R. & Burrough, R.J. (1981). The establishment and subsequent history of a population of Ligula intestinalis in roach Rutilis rutilis (L.). Journal of Fish Biology, 19(1), 105-126.
• Kesler, M., Vetemaa, M., Lauri, S. & Saat, T. (2009). Occurrence of Ligula colymbi (Cestoda) in spined loach (Cobitis taenia) and its effects on reproduction and growth of the host. Boreal Environment Research, 14, 932-936.
• Le Cren, E.D. (1951). The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology, 20, 201-218.
• Loot, G., Brosse, S., Lek, S. & Guégan, J.F. (2001). Behaviour of roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) altered by Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidae) a field demonstration. Freshwater Biology, 46, 1219-1227.
• Mahon, R. (1976). Effect of the cestode L. intestinalis on spottail shiners Notropis hudsonius. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 54, 2227-2229.
• Meriç, N. (1986). Fishes encountered in Büyükçekmece Lake, İstanbul. İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Mecmuası B, 51, 41-46.
• Oğuz, M.C., Öztürk M.O. & Güre, H. (2004). Seasonal Variation of the Plerocercoid Ligula intestinalis (L.) Observed in Roach (Rutilus rutilus, L) from the Yenice Irrigation Pond, Çanakkale, Turkey. Veterinarski Glasnik, 58(1-2), 1-180.
• Öztürk, M.O. & Altunel, F.N. (2001). Manyas Gölü'ndeki dört cyprinid türünde (Blicca bjoerkna, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Vimba vimba) belirlenen sestod olgusu. Ankara Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 48, 43-50.
• Ricker, W.E. (1975). Computations and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Fisheries Research Board Canada Bulletin, 191, 382
• Shargh, S., Shamsaii, M. & Karimi, S. (2008). Distribution of parasitic cestod "Ligula intestinalis" in Mazandaran Region. Iranian Journal Parasitology, 3(2), 26-33.
• Scholz, T. (1999). Parasites in cultured and feral fish. Veterinary Parasitology, 84, 317–335.
• Tarkan, A.S. (2006). Reproductive ecology of two cyprinidae fishes in an oligotrophic lake near the southern limits of their distribution range. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 15, 131-138.
• Weekes, P.J. & Penlington, B. (1986). First records of Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda) in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, and common bully, Gobiomorphus cotidianus, in New Zealand. Journal of Fish Biology, 28(2), 183-190.
• Williams, M.A. & Hole, D. (1992). Antibody responce of the fish Rutilus rutilus to the metacestode of Ligula intestinalis. Disease of Aquatic Organisms, 12, 83-89.
• Zar, J.H. (1999). Bioistatistical Analysis.Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. pp. 662.