ZOOPLANKTON OF KILAVUZLU DAM LAKE (KAHRAMANMARAŞ) AND THE EFFECT OF CAGE FISH FARMING ON WATER QUALITY AND ZOOPLANKTON FAUNA OF THE DAM LAKE

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 97 - 108, 04.04.2016

Ahmet Bozkurt

https://doi.org/10.3153/JAEFR16012

Öz

Water quality parameters and zooplankton fauna of
Kılavuzlu Dam Lake were determined. It was found that among water quality
parameters, sechi depth, temperature, silica, Ca and CaCO₃ amounts
were higher in the first (referans) station; while conductivity, dissolved
oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, nitrate
and phosphate values were higher in second (cage) station.

A total of 57 taxa were identified in the study. Of
these taxa, 33 belonged to Rotifera, 14 belonged to Cladocera and 10 belonged
to Copepoda.  It was found that Keratella cochlearis, Daphnia longispina, Cyclops vicinus, Acanthodiaptomus
denticornis were the most common throughout the year, while Ascomorpha ovalis, Dicranophorus epicharis, Keratella
tecta, Notholca acuminata, Testudinella patina, T.
mucronata, Trichotria pocillum, Disparalona rostrata, Scapholeberis kingi, Leydigia leydigi, Alona guttata, Eucyclops speratus, Paracyclops
chiltoni were the least species.

Monommata
longiseta, Trichocerca
porcellus, Diaphanasoma birgei, Eurycercus
lamellatus were only found in the first station, while Ascomorpha ovalis, Notholca acuminata, Rotaria neptunia, Trichotria pocillum, Disparalona rostrata and Eucyclops speratus were only found in the second
station.

Rotifera was represented with higher number of species
in first station for 5 months but Copepoda was represented with higher number
of species in second station for 5 months.

The abundance of groups according to months and
stations revealed that Rotifera and Copepoda were abundant quantitatively in
first station for 7 months; while Cladocera was abundant in first station for 8
months. On the other hand, amount of all zooplankton species were found to be
more abundant in cage station in April (6605 ±4597.35 individual m^-3)
and more abundant in first station in September (1635 ±2384.852 individual m^-3)
(P > 0.05).   

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zooplankton, Water quality, Fish culture, Kılavuzlu Dam

Kaynakça

• Altındağ, A. & Yiğit, S. (2002). The Zooplankton Fauna of Lake Burdur. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 19, 129-132.
• Atay, D. & Demir, N. (1998). The Effects of Chicken Manure on the Phytoplankton Primary Production in Carp Ponds. Acta Hydrobiologica, 40(4), 215-225.
• Berzins, B. & Pejler, B. (1987). Rotifer occurrence in relation to pH. Hydrobiologia, 147, 107-116.
• Beveridge, M.C.M. (1984). The environmental impact of freshwater cage and pen fish farming and the use of simple models to predict carrying capacity. FAO Technical Paper No. 255. FAO, Rome. 131 pp.
• Bozkurt, A. & Sagat, Y. (2008). Vertical distribution of Birecik Dam Lake zooplankton. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 2(3), 332-342.
• Bozkurt, A. (2006). Zooplankton of Yenişehir Lake (Reyhanlı, Hatay). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 23(1/1), 39-43.
• Bozkurt, A., Dural, M. & Yılmaz, A.B. (2004). Some physico chemical parameters and zooplankton fauna (rotifers, copepods and cladocerans) of Yarseli Dam Lake (Hatay-Turkey). Ulusal Su Günleri 2004 Sempozyumu, 6-8 Ekim 2004, İzmir. Türk Sucul Yaşam Dergisi, 2 (3), 307-317.
• Braioni, M.G. & Gelmini, D. (1983). Guide per il reconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane. Rotiferi Monogononti. Consiglio Nazionalie delle Ricerche, Italy, 181 pp.
• Canfield, T.J. & Jones, J.R. (1996). Zooplankton abundance, biomass, and size distribution in selected Midwestern waterbodies and relation with trophic state. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 11, 171–181.
• Cirik, S., Gökpınar, Ş. (1993): Plakton Bilgisi ve Kültürü, Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi. Yayınları: 19, Izmir.
• Cornel, G.E. & Whoriskey, F.G. (1993). The effects of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cage culture on the water quality, zooplankton, benthos and sediments of Lac du Passage, Qöuebec. Aquaculture, 109, 101-117.
• Demir, N., Kırkağaç, M., Pulatsu, S. & Bekcan, S. (2001). Influence of trout cage culture on the water quality, plankton and benthos in an Anatolian Reservoir. The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture, 53 (3-4): 115-127.
• De Smet, W.H. (1996). Rotifera 4: The Proalidae (Monogononta). In H.J. Dumont & T. Nogrady (eds.): Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 12. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, the Netherlands. 102 pp.
• De Smet, W.H. (1997). Dicranophoridae. In De Smet, W.H. and R. Pourriot, Rotifera 5: The Dicranophoridae (Monogononta) and the Ituridae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 12, H.J. Dumont & T. Nogrady (eds.): SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, the Netherlands. 344 pp.
• Dussart, B. (1969). Les Copepodes des eaux Continentales d’Europe Occidentale. Tome II, Cyclopoides et Biologie, N. Boubee et cie, Paris, 292 pp.
• Edmondson, W.T. (1959). Rotifera. Pp. 420–494. In: Fresh-water Biology, 2nd ed. (ed. W.T. Edmondson). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY
• Guo, L. & Li, Z. (2003). Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus from fish cage-culture on the communities of a shallow lake in middle Yangtze River basin of China. Aquaculture, 226, 201-212.
• Güher, H. & Kırgız, T. (1992). Edirne Bölgesi Cladocera (Crustacea) Türleri. XI.Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, 24-27 Haziran 1992, Elazığ, Hidrobiyoloji ve Çevre Biyolojisi Seksiyonu, 89-97.
• Hutchinson, G.E. (1967). A Treatise on Limnology. I. Introduction to lake Biology and Limnoplankton. Vol. 2, John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 1115.
• Kırkağac, M.U. & Köksal, G. (1999). Sazan havuzlarinda pilic gübresinin zooplankton verimliligine etkisi. pp. 548-562. In: X. Ulusal Su Ürünleri Semp., Eylül 22-24, Adana (in Turkish).
• Kiefer, F. (1978). Das Zooplankton der Binnengewasser 2. Teil. Freilebende Copepoda. Die Binnengewasser Band XXVI E. Schweizerbanr’sche Verlagbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. 315 pp.
• Koste, W. & Shiel, R.J. (1987). Rotifera from Australian inland waters. II. Epiphanidae and Brachionidae (Rotifera: Monogononta). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 7, 949-1021.
• Koste, W. & Shiel, R.J. (1986). Rotifera from Australian inland waters. I. Bdelloidea (Rotifera: Digononta). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 37, 765-792.
• Köksal, G., Yıldız, H. & Kırkağac, M.U. (1997). Sazan havuzlarinda pilic gübresinin bentik fauna verimliligine etkisi. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21, 509-515.
• Margalef, R., Planas, D., Armengol, J., Vidal, A., Prat, N., Guiset, A., Toja, J. & Estrada, M. (1976). Limnology of the Spanish reservoirs. Vols. I & II. Madrid: Ministerio de Obras Públicas. 422, 85 pp.
• Matsumura-Tundisi, T. & Tundisi, J.G. (2005). Plankton richness in a eutrophic reservoir (Barra Bonita Reservoir, SP, Brazil). Hydrobiologia, 542, 367-378.
• Matsumura-Tundisi, T. & Tundisi, J.G. (2003). Calanoida (Copepoda) species composition changes in the reservoirs of São Paulo State (Brazil in the last twenty years). Hydrobiologia, 504, 215-222.
• Mikschi, E. (1989). Rotifer distribution in relation to temperature and oxygen content. Hydrobiologia, 186/187, 209-214.
• Negrea, S. (1983): Cladocera. Fauna Repub. Soc. Rom. Crustacea, 4, 1-399.
• Nogrady, T. & Segers, H. (2002). Rotifera 6: The Asplanchnidae, Gastropodidae, Lindiidae, Microcodinidae, Synchaetidae, Trochosphaeridae. In Dumont, H. J. (ed.), Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 18. Backhuys Publishers BV, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
• Phillips, M.J., Roberts, R.J., Stewart, J.A. & Codd, G.A. (1985). The toxicity of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. Journal of Fish Diseases, 8, 339-344
• Phillips, M.C., Beveridge, M.C.M. & Ross, L.G. (1985). The environmental impact of salmonid cage culture on inland fisheries: present status and future trends. Journal of Fish Biology, 27, 123-137.
• Pitta, P., Karakassis, I., Tsapakis, M. &, Zivanovic, S. (1999): Natural vs. mariculture induced variability in nutrients and plankton in the Eastern Mediterranean. Hydrobiologia 391, 181-194
• Ramdani, M., Elkhiati, N., Flower, R.J., Birks, H.H., Kraiem, M.M., Fathi, A.A. & Patrick, S.T. (2001). Open water zooplankton communities in North African wetland lakes: the CASSARINA Project. Aquatic Ecology 35, 319-333.
• Rast, W. & Holland, M.M. (1988). Eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs: A framework for making management decisions. Ambio, 17(2), 12.
• Ruttner-Kolisko, A. (1974). Plankton Rotifers: Biology and Taxonomy. Die Binnengewasser 26: I suppl. Stuttgart.
• Santos, R.M., Rocha, G.S., Rocha, O. & Santos Wisniewski, M.J. (2009). Influence of net cage fish cultures on the diversity of the zooplankton community in the Furnas hydroelectric reservoir, Areado, MG, Brazil. Aquaculture Research, 40, 753-776.
• Segers, H. (1995). Rotifera 2: The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 6. (H.J. Dumont & T. Nogrady eds). SPB Academic Publishing BV., 226 pp.
• Stemberger, R.S. (1979). A guide to rotifers of the Laurentian Great Lakes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Rept. No. EPA 600/4-79-021, 185 pp.
• Stirling, H.P. & Dey, T. (1990). Impact of intensive cage fısh farming on the phytoplankton and periphyton of a Scottish freshwater loch. Hydrobiologia, 190, 193-214.
• Weglenska, T., Bownik-Dylinska, L., Ejsmont-Karabin, J. & Spodniewska, I. (1987). Plankton structure and dynamics, phosphorus and nitrogen regeneration by zooplankton in Lake Glebokie polluted by aquaculture. Ekologia Polska, 35(1), 173-208.
• Yıldız, Ş., Altındağ, A. & Borga Ergönül, M. (2007). Seasonal fluctuations in the zooplankton composition of a eutrophic lake: Lake Marmara (Manisa, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 31, 121-126.