Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods

Öner Çetin; Cuma Akıncı; Önder Albayrak; Muhittin Murat Turgut; Remzi Özkan; H. Kıvanç Doğanay

doi:10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5

EN

Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the effects of different cultivation and irrigation methods on wheat in 2017-2018 and 2019-2020. The experiment design was the split-plots in randomized blocks with 3 replications. The main plots were conventional flat cultivation (CFC) and raised-bed cultivation (RBC), and sub-plots were rain-fed conditions, surface irrigation and drip irrigation. The CFC and RBC resulted in the grain yield of 5.13 and 4.33 t ha-1, respectively. The grain yield of 5.21 and 5.55 t ha-1 were obtained by surface irrigation and drip irrigation, respectively. The yield in CFC (16%) and drip irrigation (6%) were relatively higher than RBC and surface irrigation. Irrigation water productivity (1.72 kg m-3) in RBC was higher compared to 1.23 kg m-3 in CFC. The irrigation water applied was 468 and 258 mm in CFC and basin irrigation and in RBC and drip irrigation, respectively. Crop evapotranspiration was 813 and 725 mm in CFC and the basin irrigation, and in RBC under the drip irrigation, respectively. The CFC under basin irrigation was more appropriate compared to RBC and drip irrigation. Insufficient and improper distribution of rainfall and temperatures more than 30 oC caused lower yield.

Keywords

Cultivation systems, Durum wheat, Irrigation methods, Grain yield, Climate

Supporting Institution

Dicle Universitesi

Project Number

ZİRAAT.2017.024

Thanks

The data in this article were taken from the Final Report of Research Project (Grant number: ZIRAAT.17.024) supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordinatioship (DUBAP) of Dicle University. We would like to thank to DUBAP. In addition, some parts of “Material and Method” in this article are similar to other article(s) produced from the same Final Report of Research Project.

References

Ali, S., Xu, Y., Ma, X., Ahmad, I., Jia, M.Q., Akmal, M., et al. (2019). Deficit irrigation strategies to improve winter wheat productivity and regulating root growth under different planting patterns. Agric. Water Manag. 219, 1-11. https://doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.038
Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D., Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines For Computing Crop Water Requirement. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, Rome.
Aquino, P. (1998). The adoption of bed planting of wheat in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. Wheat Special Report No:17A. Mexico, D.F. CIMMYT, 38p.
Aykanat, S. (2009). Comparison of different tillage and sowing systems in terms of technical and economical on the wheat productıon. Çukurova University, Applied Sciences Intitute, M.Sci. Thesis, Adana, Turkey, p. 84 (in Turkish with English abstract).
Başçiftçi, Z.B., Olgun, M., Erdoğan, S. (2012). Evaluation of climate-drought-yield relationships on wheat (T. Aestivum L.) by Kriging method in Turkey. Selcuk J. Agric. Food Sci 26(3), 57-65.
Çetin, Ö., Akıncı, C. (2014). Effects of drought on optimizing nitrogen use of winter wheat in semi arid regions. V. International Agricultural Symposium ‘Agrosym 2014’ Jahorina, 23-26 October 2014, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Dehgahi, R., Joniyas, A., Latip, S.N.H.B.M.D. (2014). Rainfall distribution and temperature effects on wheat yield in Torbate Heydarie. Int. J Sci. Res. Knowledge, 2 (Special Issue), 121-126
DMİ. (2020). Statistics on meteorological data. Turkish State Meteorological Service. Available at: https://www.mgm.gov.tr (Access date: 15 October, 2020)
Erdélyi, É. (2008). Climate change and winter wheat: possible impacts and responses. PhD thesis, Corvinus University of Budapest, Department of Mathematics and Informatics
Falkenmark, M., Rockstrom, J. (1993). Curbing rural exodus from tropical drylands. AMBIO-0122 no 71993.

Fang, Q., Zhang, X., Shao, L., Chen, S., Sun, H. (2018). Assessing the performance of different irrigation systems on winter wheat under limited water supply. Agric. Water Manag. 196, 133-143. https://doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2017.11.005
FAO. (2016). Maize, rice, wheat, a guide to sustainable cereal production. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, Rome, ISBN 978-92-5-108519-6
Ferris, R., Ellis, R.H., Wheeler, T.R., Hadley, P. (1998). Effect of high temperature stress at anthesis on grain yield and biomass of field-grown crops of wheat. Ann. Bot. 82, 631-639. Article No. bo980740
Fries, A., Silva, K., Pucha-Cofrep, F., Oñate-Valdivieso, F., Ochoa-Cueva, P. (2020). Water balance and soil moisture deficit of different vegetation units under semiarid conditions in the Andes of Southern Ecuador. Climate 8(30), 1-22. https://doi:10.3390/cli8020030
Giunta, F., Motzo, R., Deidda, M. (2003). Effect of drought on yield and yield components of durum wheat and triticale in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Res. 33, 399-409. https://doi:10.1016/0378-4290(93)90161-F
Gooding, M.J., Ellis, R.H., Shewry, P.R., Schofield, J.D. (2003). Effects of restricted water availability and increased temperature on the grain filling, drying and quality of winter wheat. J. Cereal Sci. 37, 295–309. https://doi:10.1006/jcrs.2002.0501
Gregory, P.J., Ingram, J.S.I., Brklacich, M. (2005). Climate change and food security. Philos. T. R. Soc. B. 360, 2139–2148. https://doi:10.1098/rstb.2005.1745
Gursoy, S., Kilic, H., Aktas, H., Akin, A.L. (2007). The Effects of sowing methods on Eurygaster Spp. harms in different wheat varieties. Research Project Report. General Directorate of Agricultural Researchs, Publication No: 2006/1 (in Turksih)
Gursoy, S., Sessiz, A., Malhi, S.S. (2010). Short-term effects of tillage and residue management following cotton on grain yield and quality of wheat. Field. Crops Res. 119(2-3), 260-268. https://doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2010.07.016
Hassan, I., Hussain, Z., Akbar, G. (2005). Effect of permanent raised-beds on water productivity for irrigated maize –wheat cropping system. In: Proceedings of a workshop for Evaluation and performance of permanent raised-bed cropping systems in Asia, Australia and Mexico held in Griffi th, NSW, Australia, 1–3 March 2005, 59-65.
Hatfield, J.L., Boote, K.J., Kimball, B.A., Ziska, L.H., Izaurralde, R.C., Ort, D. (2011). Climate impacts on agriculture: Implications for crop production. Agron. J. 103(2), 351-370. https://doi:10.2134/agronj2010.0303
Hobbs, P.R., Sayre, K.D., Ortiz-Monasterio, J.I. (1998). Increasing wheat yield sustainably through agronomics means. NRG Paper 98-01. Mexico, D.F., Mexico, p. 22.
Hochman, Z., Gobbett, D.L., Horan, H. (2017). Climate trends account for stalled wheat yields in Australia since 1990. Glob. Chang. Biol. 23, 2071–81. https://doi:10.1111/gcb.13604.
Hussain, I., Ali, A., Ahmed, A., Nasrullah, H., Khokhar, B.D., Iqbal, S., et al. (2018). Impact of ridge-furrow planting in Pakistan: empirical evidence from the farmers field. Int. J. Agron. ID 3798037, 8. https://doi:10.1155/2018/3798037
IWMI. (2007). Comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture. Water for food, water for life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London: Earthscan, and Colombo: International Water Management Institute.
Jha, K.S., Gao, Y., Liu, H., Huang, Z., Wang, G., Liang, Y., et al. (2017). Root development and water uptake in winter wheat under different irrigation methods and scheduling for North China. Agric. Water Manag. 182, 139–150. https://doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2016.12.015
Jin, H., Hongwen, L., Mchugh, A.D., Zhongmin, M., Xinhui, C., Qingjie, W., et al. (2008). Spring wheat performance and water use efficiency on permanent raised-beds in Arid Northwest China. Aust. J. Soil Res. 46(8), 659 - 666. https://doi:10.1071/SR07229
Kabakci, Y. (1999). Research reports on cool season cereals. Harran Agricultural Research Institute, Akcakale, Sanliurfa, Turkey (in Turkish).
Karaagac, H.A., Aykanat, S., Resit Gultekin, R., Bolat, A., Sağlam, C. (2016). Economic comparison of different seeding techniques in wheat and second product silage maize in Cukurova Region (1st Year). J. Agric. Machinery Sci. 12 (2), 79-84 (In Turkish with English abstract).
Karaata, H. (1987). Water consumptive use of winter wheat in Harran Plain. Research Institute of Rural Affairs, Şanlıurfa, Turkey, 42:28 (In Turkish with English abstract).
Karl, T.R., Melillo, J.M., Peterson, T.C. (2009). Global climate change impacts in the United States. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cam-bridge, UK.
Keller, J., Bliesner, R.D. (1990). Sprinkle and trickle irrigation. Chapman and Hall, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, p. 652.
Keskin, S. (1993). The experiments on wheat seed pattern ttp://www.gap.gov.tr (in Turkish). (24-02.2014)
Kharrou, M.H., Er-Raki, S., Chehbouni, A., Duchemin, B., Simonneaux, V., LePage, M., et al. (2011). Water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat under different irrigation regimes in a semi-arid region. Open Access 2(3), 273-282. https://doi:10.4236/as.2011.23036
Kilic, H., Gursoy, S. (2010). Effect of seeding rate on yield and yield components of durum wheat cultivars in cotton-wheat cropping system. Sci. Res. Essays 5(15), 2078-2084
Lal, R. (1991). Current research on crop water balance and implications for the future. In: Soil Water Balance in the Soudano Sahelian Zone. Proceedings of the Niamey Workshop, February 1991). IAHS Publ. no. 199.
Li, G., Yu, M., Fang, T., Cao, S., Carver, B.F., Yan, L. (2013). Vernalization requirement duration in winter wheat iscontrolled byTaVRN-A1 at the protein level. The Plant J. 76, 742-753. https:// doi: 10.1111/tpj.12326
Li, H., Wang, Q.J., He, J., Li, H.W., Zhan, Z.Y., Rasaily, R.G., et al. (2014). Permanent raised-beds improved soil physical properties in an annual double-cropping system. Agron J. 106, 7-14. https://doi:10.2134/agronj2013.0169
Li, X., Zhao, W., Li, J., Li, Y. (2019). Maximizing water productivity of winter wheat by managing zones of variable rate irrigation at different deficit levels. Agric. Water Manag. 216, 153–163. https://doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.02.002
Lobell, D.B., Ortiz-Monasterio, J.I., Asner, G.P., Matson, P.A., Naylor, R.L., Falcon, W.P. (2005). Analysis of wheat yield and climatic trends in Mexico. Field Crops Res. 94, 250–256. https://doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2005.01.007
Loper, S., Subramani, J., Ottman, M., Martin, E. (2020). Effects of planting on beds vs. flat planting system in durum wheat and barley. Available at: www.agriculture.az.gov (Access date: 20 September, 2020)
Luo, Q., (2011). Temperature thresholds and crop production: a review. Clim. Change 109, 583–598. https:// doi: 10.1007/s10584-011-0028-6
Monson, R.K., Jaeger, C.H., Adams, W.W., Driggers, E.M., Silver, G.M., Fall, R. (1992). Fall Relationships among Isoprene Emission Rate, Photosynthesis, and Isoprene Synthase Activity as Influenced by Temperature. Plant Physiol. 98, 1175-1180.
Nagler, P.L., Glenn, E.P., Kim, H., Emmerich, W., Scott, R.L., Huxman, et al. (2007). Relationship between evapotranspiration and precipitation pulses in a semiarid rangeland estimated by moisture flux towers and MODIS vegetation indices. J Arid Environ 70(3), 443-462. https://doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.12.026
OECD. (2020). Water and agriculture. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/agriculture (Access date: 16 October, 2020).
Oweis, T., Pala, M., Ryan, J. (1998). Stabilizing rainfed wheat yields with supplemental irrigation and nitrogen in a Mediterranean climate. Agron J. 90, 672–681. https://doi:10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050017x
Ozturk, I., Sharif, B., Baby, S., Jabloun, M., Olesen, J.E. (2017). The long-term effect of climate change on productivity of winter wheat in Denmark: a scenario analysis using three crop models. J. Agric. Sci. 155, 733-750. https://doi:10.1017/S0021859616001040
Parry, M., Rosenzweig, C., Inglesias, A., Livermore, M., Gischer, G. (2004). Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Glob. Environ. Change 14, 53–67. https://doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.008
Paudel, B., Acharya, B.S., Ghimire, R., Dahal, K.R., Bista, P. (2014). Adapting agriculture to climate change and variability in Chitwan: Long-term trends and farmers’ perceptions. Agric. Res. 3(2), 165–174. https://doi:10.1007/s40003-014-0103-0
Ram, H., Singh, Y., Saini, K.S., Kler, D.S., Timsinas, J., Humphreys, E.J. (2012). Agronomic and economic evaluation of permanent raised-beds, no tillage and straw mulching for an irrigated maize-wheat system in Northwest India. Expl. Agric. 48 (1), 21–38. https://doi:10.1017/S0014479711000809
Ray, R.L., Fares, A., Risch, E. (2018). Effects of drought on crop production and cropping areas in Texas. Agric. Environ. Lett. 1-5. https://doi:10.2134/ael2017.11.0037
Reynolds, J..F, Kemp, P.R., Tenhunen, J.D. (2000). Effects of long-term rainfall variability on evapotranspiration and soil water distribution in the Chihuahuan Desert: A modeling analysis. Plant Ecology 150, 145–159. https:// doi:10.1023/A:1026530522612.
Royo, C., Nazco, R., Villegas, D. (2014). The climate of the zone of origin of Mediterranean durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) landraces affects their agronomic performance. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 61, 1345–1358. https://doi:10.1007/s10722-014-0116-3
Russell, K., Lee, C., McCulley, R., Van Sanford, D. (2014). impact of climate change on wheat production in Kentucky. Plant and Soil Sci. Research Report 2(3), 3. https://doi: 10.13023/PSSRR.2014.3
Sabella, E., Aprile, A., Negro, C., Nicolì, F., Nutricati, E., Vergine, M., Luvisi, A., Bellis, L.D. (2020). Impact of climate change on durum wheat yield. Agronomy, 10:793, https://doi:10.3390/agronomy10060793
Sagar, V.K., Naresh, R.K., Sharma, D.K., Kumar, V., Praveen Kumar Sagar, P.K. (2017). Furrow irrigated raised-bed planting and irrigation schedules: Productivity, nutrient uptake and economics of irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Indo-Gangetic Plains. J. Pharmacogn Phytochem. 6(6), 1014-1019.
Sayre, K.D., Hobbs, P.R. (2004). The Raised-bed system of cultivation for irrigated production conditions. Ohio State University. Columbus, Ohio, USA: R. Lal, P. Hobbs, N. Uphoff , D.O. Hansen. Chapter 20, Sustainable Agriculture and the Rice-Wheat System. 2004 s. 337-355. Sayre, K.D. (2001). Bed Planting Systems: An Overview. CIMMYT. Mexico.
Shao, L.W., Zhang, X.Y., Sun, H.Y., Chen, S.Y., Wang, Y.M. (2011). Yield and water use response of winter wheat to winter irrigation in the North China Plain. J. Soil Water Conserv. 66,104–113. https://doi:10.2489/jswc.66.2.104
Sivakumar, M.V.K., Das, H.P., Brunini, O. (2005). Impacts of present and future climate variability and change on agriculture and forestry in the arid and semi-arid tropics. Clim. Change 70, 31–72. https://doi:10.1007/1-4020-4166-7_4
Tari, A.F. (2016). The effects of different deficit irrigation strategies on yield, quality, and water-use efficiencies of wheat under semi-arid conditions. Agric. Water Manag. 167:1-10. https://doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2015.12.023
Tavakoli, A.R., Liaghat, A., Oweis, T., Alizadeh, A. (2012). The role of limited irrigation and advanced management on improving water productivity of rainfed wheat at semi-cold region of upper Karkheh River Basin, Iran. Int. J. Agric. Crop Sci. 4 (14):939-948.
Ustun, H. (1990). Water-nitrogen relationships and water consumptive use of winter wheat. In Ankara-Kesikköprü. Reserach Institute of Rural Affairs, Ankara, Turkey (In Turkish with English abstract).
Valizadeh, J., Ziaei, S.M., Mazloumzadeh, S.M. (2014). Assessing climate change impacts on wheat production (a case study). J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 13, 107–115. https://doi:10.1016/j.jssas.2013.02.002
Wang, F.X., Wu, X.X., Shock, C.C., Chu, L.Y., Gu, X.X., Xue, X. (2011). Effects of drip irrigation regimes on potato tuber yield and quality under plastic mulch in arid Northwestern China. Field Crops Res. 122, 78–84. https://doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.02.009
Wang, J., Xu, C., Gao, S., Wang, P. (2013). Effect of water amounts applied with drip irrigation on water consumption characteristics and yield of spring wheat in Xinjiang. Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol. 5(9):1180-1185.
Wollenweber, B., Porter, J.R., Schellberg, J. (2003). Lack of interaction between extreme high‐temperature events at vegetative and reproductive growth stages in wheat. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 189, 142-150. https://doi:10.1046/j.1439-037X.2003.00025.x
Wu, Y.L., Guo, Q.F., Luo, Y., Tian, F.X., Wang, W. (2014). Differences in physiological characteristics between two wheat cultivars exposed to field water deficit conditions. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 61:451-459.
Yu, Q., Li, L., Luo, Q., Eamus, D., Xu, S., Chen, C., et el. (2014). Year patterns of climate impact on wheat yields. Int. J. Climatol. 34: 518-528. https:// doi: 10.1002/joc.3704
Yurtsever, N. (2011). Applied statistical methods. Research Institute of Soil-Fertilizer and Water Resources 56:121, Ankara, Turkey (in Turkish)
Zaman, R., Akanda, A.R., Biswas, S.K., Islam, M.R. (2017). Effect of deficit irrigation on raised-bed wheat cultivation. Cercet. Agron. Mold. 4 (172):17-28
Zhang, J., Sun, J., Duan, A., Wang, J., Shen, X., Liu, X. (2007). Effects of different planting patterns on water use and yield performance of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain of China. Agric. Water Manag. 92, 41–47. https://doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2007.04.007
Zhao, C., Liu, B., Piao, S., Wang, X., Lobell, D.B., Huang, Y., et al. (2017). Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates, PNAS 114 (35), 9326-9331. https://doi:10.1073/pnas.1701762114
Zhongming, M., Liqin, Z., Fahong, W. (2005). Raised-bed planting system for irrigated spring wheat in the Hexi Corridor. In: Proceedings of a workshop for Evaluation and performance of permanent raised-bed cropping systems in Asia, Australia and Mexico held in Griffith, NSW, Australia, 1–3 March 2005, 59-65.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Agronomy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Öner Çetin ^*
0000-0002-1006-4759
Türkiye

Cuma Akıncı
0000-0002-3514-1052
Türkiye

Önder Albayrak
0000-0003-2440-7748
Türkiye

Muhittin Murat Turgut
0000-0002-2731-4910
Türkiye

Remzi Özkan
0000-0002-6457-5802
Türkiye

H. Kıvanç Doğanay This is me
0000-0002-6977-4982
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 15, 2022

Submission Date

November 3, 2021

Acceptance Date

March 7, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 6 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67HJ48MC

APA

Çetin, Ö., Akıncı, C., Albayrak, Ö., Turgut, M. M., Özkan, R., & Doğanay, H. K. (2022). Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 6(1), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5

AMA

1.Çetin Ö, Akıncı C, Albayrak Ö, Turgut MM, Özkan R, Doğanay HK. Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2022;6(1):25-36. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5

Chicago

Çetin, Öner, Cuma Akıncı, Önder Albayrak, Muhittin Murat Turgut, Remzi Özkan, and H. Kıvanç Doğanay. 2022. “Impact of Climate on Durum Wheat Yield (Triticum Durum Desf.) under Different Cultivation and Irrigation Methods”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 6 (1): 25-36. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5.

EndNote

Çetin Ö, Akıncı C, Albayrak Ö, Turgut MM, Özkan R, Doğanay HK (March 1, 2022) Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 6 1 25–36.

IEEE

[1]Ö. Çetin, C. Akıncı, Ö. Albayrak, M. M. Turgut, R. Özkan, and H. K. Doğanay, “Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods”, int. j. agric. environ. food sci., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 25–36, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5.

ISNAD

Çetin, Öner - Akıncı, Cuma - Albayrak, Önder - Turgut, Muhittin Murat - Özkan, Remzi - Doğanay, H. Kıvanç. “Impact of Climate on Durum Wheat Yield (Triticum Durum Desf.) under Different Cultivation and Irrigation Methods”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 6/1 (March 1, 2022): 25-36. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5.

JAMA

1.Çetin Ö, Akıncı C, Albayrak Ö, Turgut MM, Özkan R, Doğanay HK. Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2022;6:25–36.

MLA

Çetin, Öner, et al. “Impact of Climate on Durum Wheat Yield (Triticum Durum Desf.) under Different Cultivation and Irrigation Methods”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, vol. 6, no. 1, Mar. 2022, pp. 25-36, doi:10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5.

Vancouver

1.Öner Çetin, Cuma Akıncı, Önder Albayrak, Muhittin Murat Turgut, Remzi Özkan, H. Kıvanç Doğanay. Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2022 Mar. 1;6(1):25-36. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2022.1.5

Abstracting & Indexing Services

Google Scholar | Crossref DOI Registry

All content published in this journal is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal a non-exclusive right to publish, reproduce, and distribute the articles within an open-access framework.

Web: dergipark.org.tr/jaefs E-mail: editorialoffice@jaefs.com Phone / WhatsApp: +90 850 309 59 27

Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods

Abstract

Impact of climate on durum wheat yield (Triticum durum Desf.) under different cultivation and irrigation methods

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite

Abstracting & Indexing Services

© International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences