Evaluation of the Effects of Cobalt Concentrations on the Growth of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Varieties under In vitro Conditions

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 999 - 1008, 26.12.2025

Pınar Bekiş , Büşra Ergül , Ecem Kara , Gökhan Baktemur

https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.4.2

https://izlik.org/JA88WG54EL

Abstract

In this study, the responses of different bean varieties to varying concentrations of cobalt (0, 100 μM, 300 μM, and 500 μM) added to MS nutrient media were investigated under in vitro conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology. In the study, seven developmental parameters were evaluated: germination percentage (%), stem fresh weight (g), stem dry weight (g), root fresh weight (g), root dry weight (g), stem length (cm), and root length (cm). According to the results obtained, the highest germination percentage was recorded in the control medium (KB0), with a value of 78.67%. Regarding stem fresh weight, varieties 2 (1.39 g) and 3 (1.28 g) stood out. The highest root dry weight was observed in variety 3, with a value of 0.26 g. When considering the medium average, the highest mean root dry weight was also determined in the control group KB0 (0.40 g). In terms of plant height, the highest values for both stem length (7.99 cm) and root length (9.37 cm) were obtained in variety 1. Overall, the different cobalt doses used in the experiment were found to have a significant effect on plant development, and it was observed that higher concentrations of cobalt markedly inhibited growth.

Keywords

Bean , Phaseolus vulgaris , Heavy metals , In vitro , Cobalt

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