Pre-Sowing Seed Applications of Soil Conditioners to Improve Bread Wheat Grain Quality Traits
Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of liquid soil conditioner treatment on the quality traits of 3 bread wheat varieties (Selimiye, Flamura 85 and Esperia) in a randomized split-plot design with 3 replications during 2016-17 and 2017-18 years in the northwestern region of Turkey. It was subjected to four different soil conditioners [control (T1), 13-5-8 (fertilizer) + glycine betaine (T2); 15% organic matter + 15% humic and fulvic acid + 0.03% potassium (T3) and 25% organic matter + 65% humic acid + 6% potassium (T4)] at pre-sowing of seed. The differences among means of variety and treatment were significant, indicating the soil conditioners applied to seeds had statistically significant effects for thousand grain weight (TGW), test weight (TW), wet gluten content (WGC), alveograph energy value (E) and grain protein content (GPC), but were not significant for gluten index (GI) and Zeleny sedimentation value (ZSV). The highest means were calculated in the Selimiye variety and the T3 treatment for TGW and TW. For WGC, the highest values were obtained in the Flamura 85 variety and the T2 treatment. The Selimiye and Flamura 85 varieties and the T2 treatment were the best for GPC. As for alveograph energy value (E), the Esperia variety and T1 treatment provided the highest means. In general, the mean of the T4 treatment with the highest humic matter content was lower than that of the T3 treatment. T2 treatment resulted in higher WGC and GPC compared to T1, T3, and T4 treatments. This is likely due to the higher nitrogen content in T2 treatment. Consequently, considering the obtained results, T2 and T3 treatments appear to have yielded more favorable results than the control groups in the parameters examined.
Keywords
Soil Conditioner, Bread Wheat, Quality, Thousand Grain Weight, Protein, Energy
References
- American Association of Cereal Chemists (AACC). (1991). AACC Standard Methods No:38- 12.02 Wet Gluten and Gluten Index. St. Paul, MN, USA.
- Albayrak, Ö., Kızılgeçi, F., Yıldırım, M., & Akıncı, C. (2020). Investigation of grain yield and quality traits of spring bread wheat genotypes grown in different environments. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35(2), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.627547
- Anonymous. 1981. ICC Standards. International Association for Cereal Chemistry, Vienna.
- Anonymous. 2000. American Association of Cereal Chemists, Approved Methods of the AACC, 10th ed., The Association: Methods No: 46-30, 54-50, 54-21, 38-21A, 26-21A. St. Paul MN, USA.
- Anonymous. 1990. Approved methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists, USA.
- Arduç, S., Mut, Z., & Köse, Ö.D.E. (2020). The Effect of humic/fulvic acid application on grain yield and some quality traits in two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BSEU Journal of Science, 7(100. Year Special Issue), 217-228. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.692203
- Aydoğan, S., & Soylu, S. (2017). Determination of yield, yield components and some quality properties of bread wheat varieties. Journal of Field Crops Central Institute, 26(1), 24-30, https://doi.org/10.21566/tarbitderg.323568
- Bulut, S. (2012). Quality of bread wheat. Erciyes University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 28(5), 441-446.
- Chen, Y., & Aviad, T. (1990). Effect of humic substances on plant growth. In: Maccarthy, P., Ed., Humic substances in soil and crop sciences: Selected readings. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Sciences, 161-186, Madison.
- Demirkıran, A.R., Özbay, N., & Demir, Y. (2012). The effect of leonardite and inorganic fertilizers on tomato growth. Tr. J. Nature Sci. (Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi), 1(2), 110-114. https://www.bingol.edu.tr/documents/file/bu_VocationalSchoolsDocument/2012-Cilt-1-No-2.pdf#page=57
