Determination of Some Chemical Characteristics and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Apple Varieties Grown in Posof/Ardahan Region
Abstract
In this study, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanin content and total ascorbic acid content (in flesh+peel) of the 7 apple cultivars grown in Posof/Ardahan were measured. The total phenolic content of the three apple cultivars was higher than other cultivars. “Posofkırmızısı”, “Sarı şafran” and “Paşa” apple cultivars had the highest total phenolic ccontents (239.22, 228.81 and 222.71 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g offlesh+peels, respectively). Results showed that fresh apple had the highest levels for antioxidant capacity (90.32 and 114.23 µmol of vitamin C equivalents/g of flesh+peel) and total anthocyanin content (30.07 to 71.49 mg/100g), whereas lower levels were found for ascorbic acid in flesh+peels. Results covered a narrow range: 17.18–26.83 mg/100g for ascorbic acid content in flesh+peels weight of apple cultivars. As a result, that these apple cultivars have high total phenolic value and antioxidant capacity in flesh+peels. For this reason, it is suggested for consume with their peels.
Keywords
Apple,total phenolic,total antioxidant,anthocyanin,ascorbic acid
References
- Arabacı Z.T. and Sevindik E. (2014). Determination of Bioactive Compounds and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Apple Varieties Grown in Ardahan Region. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J AGR SCI), 24(2): 175- 184
- Awad, M.A., de Jager, A. (2000). Flavonoids and chlorogenic acid concentrations in skin of ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Elstar’ apples during and after regular and ultra low oxygen storage. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 20(1), 15-24
- Bakhshi, D., Arakawa, O. (2006). Effects of UV-b irradiation on phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity in ‘Jonathan’ apple influenced by bagging, temperature and maturation. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment. 4 (1): 75-79.
- Chen, A.Y., Chen, Y.C. (2013). A review of the dietary flavonoid, kaempferol on human health and cancer chemoprevention. Food Chemistry. 138 (4): 2099-2107.
- Dziubiak, M. (2004). Collection of the genus Malus Mill. In the botanical garden of the polish Academy of sciences in Warsaw. Journal of fruit and ornamental plant research, 12: 121-128.
- Eberhardt, M.V., Lee, C.Y., Liu, R.H. (2000). Antioxidant activity of fresh apples. Nature 405, 903-904.
- Ercişli, S. (2004). A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 51: 419-435 Fisher, C. (1999). Ergebnisse der ApfleZüchtung in Dresden-Pillnitz. Berlin. Erwerbsobstbau. 41: 65-74.
- Gardner, P.T., White, T.A.C, McPhail, D.B. and Duthie, G.G. (2000). The relative contributions of vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolics to the antioxidant potential of fruit juices. Food Chemistry (68) 471-474
- Jiang, H., Ji, B.P., Liang, J.F., Zhou, F., Yang, Z.W., Zhang, G.Z. (2006). Changes of contents and antioxidant activities of polyphenols during fruit development of four apple cultivars. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 223, 743–748.
- Kevers, C., Pincemail, J., Tabart, J., Defraigne, J.O., Dommes, J. (2011). Influence of Cultivar, Harvest Time, Storage Conditions, and Peeling on the Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic and Ascorbic Acid Contents of Apples and Pears. Agric. Food Chem., 59, 6165–6171.
