Botanical Characteristics, Nutritional Value, and Economic Importance of the Brassica Genus

Öz

Brassica species are utilized for various purposes, including human and animal nutrition, oil and spice production, by employing different plant tissues. These plants play a crucial role as oilseed crops globally, contributing significantly to vegetable oil production. Brassica species are also rich in vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, offering numerous health benefits. Additionally, they are used in the biofuel and petrochemical industries. The self-incompatibility of many Brassica species necessitates cross-pollination, which enhances genetic diversity and benefits breeding programs. This review comprehensively examines the botanical characteristics, nutritional value, and economic importance of the Brassica genus. The information presented in this study holds significant importance for advancing more efficient agricultural practices, promoting healthy nutrition, guiding sustainability efforts, and introducing innovative approaches to breeding programs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Brassica
• Botanical character
• nutritional value

Kaynakça

1. Vaughan JG. A multidisciplinary study of the taxonomy and origin of Brassica crops. Am Inst Biol Sci. 1977;27(1):35-40.
2. Cartea ME, Lema M, Francisco M, Velasco P. Basic information on vegetable Brassica crops. In: Taylor and Francis Group, editor. Genetics, genomics and breeding of vegetable Brassicas. CRC Press; 2011.
3. Sefali A. Biology and economic importance of Brassica species in Turkey. In: Gıdık B, Serencam H, editors. An overview of the economic importance of plants. Ankara: Iksad Publications; 2019. p. 4-39.
4. Gómez-Campo C, Prakash S. Origin and domestication. In: Gómez-Campo C, editor. Biology of Brassica coenospecies. Elsevier; 1999. p. 33-58.
5. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture). Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Genus Brassica L. [Classification Report]. 2024. Available from: https://plants.usda.gov/home/classification/62234.
6. Dönmez AA, Aydın ZU, Wang X. Wild Brassica and its close relatives in Turkey, the genetic treasures. Horticult Plant J. 2011;7(2):97-107.
7. Mabry ME, Turner-Hissong SD, Gallagher EY, McAlvay AC, An H, Edger PP, Moore JD, Pink DAC, Teakle GR, Stevens CJ, Barker G, Labate J, Fuller DQ, Allaby RG, Beissinger T, Decker JE, Gore MA, Pires JC. The evolutionary history of wild, domesticated, and feral Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae). Mol Biol Evol. 2021;38(10):4419-34.
8. Wells R. Origins and diversity of Brassica and its relatives. In: Dixon GR, Wells R, editors. Vegetables Brassicas and related Crucifers. Wallingford: CAB Publishing; 2024. p. 1-41.

9. Stewart AV. A review of Brassica species, cross-pollination and implications for pure seed production in New Zealand. Agronomy. 2002;32:63-82.
10. Hale CC. Characterization of plant (Brassica spp.) and microbial rhizosphere functions. [Doctoral Thesis]. University of Warwick, England; 2017.
11. Memon AR, Zahirovic E. Genomics and transcriptomics analysis of Cu accumulator plant Brassica nigra L. J Appl Biol Sci. 2014;8(2):1-8.
12. Esawi E. Taxonomic relationships and biochemical genetic characterization of Brassica resources: Towards a recent platform for germplasm improvement and utilization. Annu Res Rev Biol. 2015;8(4):1-11.
13. Gıdık B, Önemli F. Determination of oil content and fatty acid composition of Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Sinapis alba and Camelina sativa. Bahçe. 2019;48(2):65-72.
14. Seyis F, Aydın E. Possibilities of using cabbage (B. oleracea) genotypes in quality improvement of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Turk J Sci Rev. 2012;5(2):32-7.
15. El-Esawi MA. Introductory chapter: Characterization and breeding of Brassica germplasm. In: Brassica Germplasm - Characterization, Breeding and Utilization. InTech; 2018. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80457.
16. Erman Gökseven ŞB, Kıran S, Ellialtıoğlu ŞŞ. Determination of morphological and physiological changes of ornamental cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) against boron toxicity in phytoremediation. HortiS. 2021;38(1):29-38.
17. Ayaz FA, Hayırlıoğlu-Ayaz S, Alpay-Karaoğlu S, Gruz J, Valentova Ulricova J, Strnad M. Phenolic acid contents of kale (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala DC.) extracts and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Food Chem. 2008;107:19-25.
18. Card SD, Hume DE, Roodi D, McGill CR, Millner JP, Johnson RD. Beneficial endophytic microorganisms of Brassica – A review. Biol Control. 2015;90:102-12.
19. Sözen E. Herbage yield and quality performance of diallel crosses between forage turnip (Brassica rapa L.) varieties. [Doctoral Thesis]. Uludag University, Turkey; 2012.