Kentsel Atıksu Arıtma Tesisi İkinci Arıtma Çıkış Suyundan Nanofiltrasyon Prosesi İle Su Geri Kazanımı

Abstract

Son yıllarda suyun kıt olduğu ve dolayısıyla suyun ekonomik değer taşıdığı yörelerde arıtılmış atıksulardan su geri kazanımına ve suyun yeniden kullanımına ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kentsel ikincil arıtma çıkış sularına laboratuvar ölçeğinde NF (Nanofiltrasyon) prosesi uygulanarak, çıkış suyunun çeşitli amaçlar için geri kazanımında yüksek oranda organik/inorganik madde gideriminin yanısıra mikrobiyal kirliliğin de giderimi ile etkili bir su yönetimi yaklaşımı ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalar “Taguchi Deneysel Tasarım” uygulaması ile planlanmıştır. Çalışmada transmembran basıncı (5; 7.5; 10 bar), VRF (hacim azaltma faktörü: 2; 3; 4) ve membran tipi (NP030; NF270; NF90) değişkenleri ve değişken seviyelerinin NF prosesi için “Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi” ile optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş olup en iyi performans 5 bar ve 2 VRF işletme şartları ile NF90 membran olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğrulama deneyi sonuçlarına göre çıkış suyunda toplam koliform değeri 6.8x106 kob/100 mL’den tespit edilemez düzeye kadar düşürülmüş, Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (KOİ) 14 mg/L ve Toplam Çözünmüş Katı (TÇK) 86 mg/L olarak tespit edilmiştir. Deney sonrası elde edilen NF süzüntü suyunun yeniden kullanılabilirliği, ulusal ve uluslararası mevzuatlara göre değerlendirilmiş, pH 6.5, Biyolojik Oksijen İhtiyacı (BOİ5) 9.6 mg/L olarak bulunmuş ve süzüntü suyunda fekal koliform ile Askıda Katı Madde (AKM)’ ye rastlanmamıştır. Buradan elde edilen süzüntü suyunun sulama amaçlı kullanıma uygun olduğu, ayrıca endüstriyel soğutma suyu ve yeraltı suyuna deşarj gibi farklı amaçlar için de kullanılabileceği görülmektedir.

Keywords

• Kentsel atıksu
• mikrobiyal kirlilik
• nanofiltrasyon
• su geri kazanım
• taguchi deney tasarımı

Water Recovery From The Secondary Treatment Effluent Of Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Nanofiltration Process

Abstract

In recent years, interest in water recovery from treated wastewater and water reuse has been increasing in the regions having water shortage and hence economic value of water. The study aims to recover effluent for urban secondary treatment effluent with the laboratory scale NF (Nanofiltration) process with the removal of a high rate of organic/inorganic matter as well as microbial pollution, thus be able to introduce effective water management approach for this effluent water Taguchi Design was applied to plan experimental procesure, The transmembrane pressure (5; 7.5; 10 bar), volume reduction factor: (VRF) (2; 3; 4) and membrane type (NP030; NF270; NF90) were optimized with the "Response Surface Method" for the NF process. As a result NF90 with 5 bar and 2 VRF operating conditions were selected as the best performing membrane for water recovery. Based on the validation experiment results, the total coliform of the effluent reduced from 6.8x106 cfu/100 mL to below to detectable level. Further, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) decreased to 14 mg/L and 86 mg/L, respectively. Based on the assessment of the national and international regulations on the reusability of NF permeate water from experiment; pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) were 6.5, and 9.6 mg/L, as well as fecal coliform and total suspended solids (TSS) were not detected in the permeate. To come to the conclusion, the permeate water acquired from the proces is suitable for irrigation purposes and can also be used for the purposes such as industrial cooling water and discharge to groundwater

Keywords

• Microbial pollution
• nanofiltration
• taguchi experimental design
• urban wastewater
• water recovery

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