Pregnancy Diagnosis Methods in Cows

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 23 - 29, 28.02.2024

Alper Yasin Çiplak

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10731544

Öz

In cattle farms, optimising milk yield and fertility is crucial in terms of sustainability and economics. In order to optimise these parameters, each cow should have a calf every 12-14 months. For this purpose, cows should be pregnant during the earliest postpartum period and undergo pregnancy examinations promptly. Early diagnosis of pregnancy on cattle farms is essential for reproductive management. Methods of pregnancy diagnosis are divided into two groups, direct and indirect. Direct diagnostic methods objectively determine the state of pregnancy. Indirect diagnostic methods provide information about pregnancy through biomarkers formed in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. An ideal pregnancy test should be able to give accurate results in early pregnancy (high sensitivity and specificity) and should be low cost and easy to apply. Although direct diagnostic methods are the most commonly used today, it is predicted that the frequency of use of indirect diagnostic methods will increase and new methods will be developed as a result of developing technology and progress in scientific studies. The present review aims to inform the readers about the methods that can be used in the diagnosis of pregnancy in cows, how these methods are performed, their advantages and disadvantages compared to each other.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cow, Direct diagnosis, Indirect diagnosis, Pregnancy diagnosis

İneklerde Gebelik Tanı Yöntemleri

Öz

Büyükbaş hayvan çiftliklerinde süt veriminin ve doğurganlığın optimize edilmesi sürdürülebilirlik ve ekonomi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu parametreleri optimize etmek için her ineğin 12-14 ayda bir buzağılaması gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla ineklerin postpartum en erken dönemde gebe kalmaları ve derhal gebelik muayenelerinden geçmeleri gerekmektedir. Sığır çiftliklerinde gebeliğin erken teşhisi üreme yönetimi açısından önemlidir. Gebelik tanı yöntemleri direkt ve indirekt olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmaktadır. Direkt tanı yöntemleri gebeliğin durumunu objektif olarak belirler. İndirekt tanı yöntemleri ise gebelik sırasında anne dolaşımında oluşan biyobelirteçler aracılığıyla gebelik hakkında bilgi sağlamaktadır. İdeal bir gebelik testi erken gebelikte doğru sonuçlar verebilmeli (duyarlılığı ve özgüllüğü yüksek), maliyeti düşük ve uygulaması kolay olmalıdır. Günümüzde gebelik tanısı amacıyla çoğunlukla direkt tanı yöntemleri kullanılmakla birlikte, gelişen teknoloji ve bilimsel çalışmalardaki ilerleme sonucunda indirekt tanı yöntemlerinin kullanım sıklığının artacağı ve yeni yöntemlerin geliştirileceği öngörülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, ineklerde gebelik teşhisinde kullanılabilecek yöntemler, bu yöntemlerin nasıl uygulandığı, birbirlerine göre avantaj ve dezavantajları hakkında okuyucuları bilgilendirmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnek, Direkt tanı, Gebelik tanısı, İndirekt tanı

Kaynakça

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