Yapay zekâ kontrollü uçuş operasyonlarının yolcular tarafından kabulü: Güven ve risk algısı

Öz

Havacılık ve uzay teknolojileri, modern çağın en ileri yeniliklerinden bazılarını temsil etmektedir. Yapay Zekâ (YZ), bu sektörde dönüştürücü bir güç hâline gelmiş ve gelecekte tamamen otonom uçakların hava taşımacılığını gerçekleştirebileceği bir dönemin yolunu açmıştır. Bu olasılık, özellikle yolcu kabulü gibi sosyo-teknik zorlukları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışma, YZ kontrollü uçaklarda uçma niyetini incelemek için teknoloji kabul modelinden yararlanmaktadır. 258 katılımcıdan toplanan veriler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, güvenin algılanan faydayı önemli ölçüde artırırken algılanan riski azalttığını ve modelde merkezi bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, algılanan risk algılanan faydayı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Algılanan fayda, kullanım niyetinin en güçlü belirleyicisi olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bir diğer önemli bulgu ise, algılanan kullanım kolaylığının modelde işlevsel olmamasıdır. Bu durum, doğrudan deneyimlenmemiş yüksek riskli teknolojilerde değerlendirmelerin, kullanışlılıktan çok güven ve risk algısına dayandığını göstermektedir. Önerilen model, algılanan kullanışlılık ve kullanma niyetini güçlü biçimde açıklamaktadır. Bulgular, YZ tabanlı havacılığın toplumsal kabulü için güvenin kritik önemini vurgulamakta ve geliştiriciler, havayolu şirketleri ve politika yapıcılar için uygulanabilir içgörüler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Teknoloji kabulü
• yapay zeka kontrollü havaaraçları
• güven
• risk algısı

Passenger acceptance of AI-controlled flight operations: Trust and risk perspectives

Öz

Aerospace technologies represent some of the most advanced innovations of the modern age. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in this sector, paving the way for a future where fully autonomous aircraft may carry out air transport. This possibility also brings with it socio-technical challenges, particularly regarding passenger acceptance. This study utilizes a technology acceptance model to examine the intention to fly in AI-controlled aircraft. Data collected from 258 participants were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that trust significantly increases perceived usefulness while decreasing perceived risk, playing a central role in the model. Conversely, perceived risk negatively affects perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness emerges as the strongest predictor of intention to use. Another important finding is that perceived ease of use is not functional in the model. This suggests that in high-risk technologies that have not been directly experienced, evaluations are based more on trust and risk perception than on usability. The proposed model strongly explains both perceived usefulness and intention to use. The findings highlight the critical importance of trust for societal acceptance of AI-based aviation and offer actionable insights for developers, airlines, and policymakers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Technology acceptance
• ai-controlled aircraft
• trust
• perceived risk

Etik Beyan

This study has been found to be in compliance with research and publication ethics by the İskenderun Technical University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Board's decision with number 10, dated 03.11.2025. This article meets the standards of research and publication ethics.

Kaynakça

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