Anatomical features of Cymodocea nodosa growing in Montenegro (Adriatic Sea)

Öz

Abstract Compared to morphological studies of Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Asch. the anatomy of this protected seagrass was poorly studied, and the anatomical features of the C. nodosa leaf were not described for the South-East Adriatic Sea at all. This study was performed on three C. nodosa meadows in the Bay of Boka Kotorska (Montenegro, Adriatic Sea) and anatomical characteristics of sheaths and leaf blades are presented. On the cross-section of the sheaths, dorsal epidermal cells are smaller compared to the ventral epidermis, while on the leaf blade epidermis, there are no significant differences between the two sides. The mesophyll is situated below the epidermis. These cells are positioned around large air lacunaes, thus the mesophyll could be also called aerenchyma tissue. Vascular bundles are reduced compared to the vascular plants and always seven vascular bundles were counted (in the sheaths and leaf blade). Between the epidermis and mesophyllum, especially close to the vascular bundles and on the edges of the leaf, mechanical tissue is situated. Many tannin cells were observed. More detailed analysis would be necessary to explain differences and to compare them with the populations from other parts of the Mediterranean basin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Key words: Seagrass, Cymodocea nodosa, anatomy, Adriatic, Montenegro

Kaynakça

1. Ayensu, E. S. (1972) Anatomy of the Monocotyledones VI. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 182 pp.
2. Barcelona Convention-Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution, signed 16 February 1976. (http://195.97.36.231
3. /dbases/webdocs/BCP/BCP_eng.pdf). Bern Convention - Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (1979). http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/Que VoulezVous
4. Ceccherelli, G., Cinelli, F. (1997) Short-term effects of nutrient enrichment of the sediment and interactions between the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa and the introduced green alga Caulerpa taxifolia in a Mediterranean bay. Journal of
5. Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 217(2): 165-177. Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora. Official Journal L 206, 22/07/1992 P. 0007 – 0050, 1992.
6. (http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31992L00 43:EN:HTML).
7. Garrido, M., Lafabrie, C., Torre, F., Fernandez, C., Pasqualini, V. (2013)
8. Resilience and stability of Cymodocea nodosa seagrass meadows over the last four decades in a Mediterranean lagoon. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 130: 89-98. Gibson, A. (1984) Marine meadow and surfweed communities. (Available at http://www.lifesci.ucla.edu/botgard/html/mmeadow.html)

9. Kojić, M. (1984) Botany. Naučna Knjiga, Beograd, 511pp. (in Serbian)
10. Kuo, J., den Hartog, C. (2006) Seagrass morphology, anatomy, and ultrastructure. In: Larkum, (eds., A.W.D. et al.) Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation, pp. 51-87.
11. Mačić, V. (2014) Regression of seargasses in The Risan Bay (Montenegro). Voda:337-341.(in Serbian)
12. Mačić, V., Boža, P. (2001) Seagrasses meadows in the Bay of Boka Kotorska.
13. Zasavica:109-114.(in Serbian) Mazzella, L., Guidetti, P., Lorenti, M., Buia, M. C., Zupo, V., Scipione, M. B., Rismondo, A., Curiel, D. (1998) Biomass partitioning in Adriatic seagrass ecosystems (Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa, Zostera marina). Rapp.
14. Comm. int. Mer Medit. 35: 562-563. Molinier, R., Picard, J. (1952) Research of seagrasses littoral meadows in the French Mediterranean. Annales de L'Institut Oceanographique Tome XXVII Fasc. 3: 157-234.
15. Peduzzi, P., Vuković, A. (1990) Primary production of Cymodocea nodosa in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea); a comparison of methods. Marine
16. Ecol. Progress Series 64: 197-207. Pergent, G. (1990) Lepidochronological analysis of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile: a standardized approach. Aquatic Botany 37: 39-54.
17. Reyes, J., Sanson, M. (1994) Morphology and anatomy of Cymodocea nodosa
18. (Cymodoceaceae, Magnoliophyta) meadows in the El Medano (Tenerife, Canary islands). Vieraea 23: 43-64. Rismondo, A., Curiel, D., Marzocchi, M., Scattolini, M. (1997) Seasonal pattern of Cymodocea nodosa biomass and production in the lagoon of Venice. Aquatic Botany 58: 55-64.
19. Short, F., Carruthers, T., Dennison, W., Waycott, M. (2007) Global seagrass distribution and diversity: a bioregional model. Journal Experimental Marine
20. Biology and Ecology 350: 3–20. Simpson, M. G. (1997) Phylogenetic distribution of floral tannin cells in
21. Monocotyledons. Available at http://hortnet.co.nz/publications/class/bot3258. htm
22. Stjepčević, J., Parenzan, P. (1980) Boka Kotorska Bay - general conditions and benthic biocenosis with ecological map. Studia Marina 9(10): 3-149.(in Italian)
23. Švob, M. (1974) Histological and Histochemical Methods. Svjetlost, Sarajevo.
24. (in Serbian/Croatian). Terrados, J., Duarte, C. M., Kamp-Nielsen, L., Agawin, N. S. R., Gacia, E., Lacap, D., Fortes, M. D., Borum, J., Lubanski, M., Greve, T. (1999) Are seagrass growth and survival constrained by the reducing condutiions of the sediment? Aquatic Botany 65: 175-197.
25. Waycott, M., Duarte, C.M., Carruthers, T.J.B., Orth, R.J., Dennison, W.C., Olyarnik, S., Calladine, A., Fourqurean, J.W., Heck Jr., K.L., Hughes, A.R., Kendrick, G.A., Kenworthy, W.J., Short, F.T., Williams, S.L. (2009)
26. Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, Doi.12377e12381.