Life History Pattern of an Eurasian Cyprinid, Rhodeus amarus, in a Large Drinking-Water System (Ömerli Dam Lake-Istanbul, Turkey)

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 205 - 224, 01.08.2005

Ali Serhan Tarkan Özcan Gaygusuz Çigdem Gürsoy Hasan Acipinar

Öz

Abstract The life history pattern (age, growth and reproduction) of bitterling, Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782), was studied in the Ömerli Dam Lake a large drinking water system located in Istanbul (Turkey) between April 2003 to August 2004. Age determination based on opercula readings and validated by scale readings and length frequency analysis shows that population has a 5-year life cycle. The von Bertalanffy growth function was fitted to length-at-age data and displayed variation in growth rates between sexes. Total length-weight relationship was estimated as W = 0.0077TL3.29 for males and W = 0.022TL2.73 for females. Spawning season was from April to August. The ratio of males to females was 1:2.32. Condition of male increased from August until April while condition of females fluctuated throughout the year.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Key words: Rhodeus amarus , age , growth , life history , Ömerli Dam Lake

Kaynakça

• Albay, M., Akçaalan, R. (2003). Factors influencing the phytoplankton steady state assemblages in a drinking-water reservoir
• (Ömerli reservoir, Istanbul). Hydrobiologia. 502: 85-95. Albay, M., Akçaalan, R., Aykulu, G., Tufekçi, H., Beattie, A. K, Codd, G. A. (2003). Occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria before and after copper sulphate treatment in a water reservoir, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Algological Studies. 109: 67-78. Aldridge, D. C. (1999). Development of European bitterling in the gills of freshwater mussels. J. Fish Biol. 54: 138-151.
• Balon, E. K. (1975). Reproductive guild of fishes: a proposal and definition. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 32: 821-864.
• Bagenal, T. B., Tesch, F. (1978). Age and growth. In: Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. T. B. Bagenal (Ed.)
• Blackwell Scientific Publications, Londoni IBH Handbook, Vol. 3 pp. 136. Bertalanffy, L. von. (1938). A quantitative theory of organic growth
• (Inquiries on growth laws, II). Human Biology, 10: 181-213. Bromage, N., Porter, M. & Randall, C. (2001). The environmental regulation of maturation in farmed finfish with special reference to the role of photoperiod and melatonin. Aquaculture 197: 63-98.
• Copp, G.H. (1989). The habitat diversity and fish reproductive function of floodplain ecosystems. Environ. Biol. Fish. 26: 1-26.
• Copp, G.H., Gutic, G., Rovny, B., Cerny, J. (1994). Hierarchical analysis of habitat use of by 0+ juvenile fish in the Hungarian/Slovak flood plain of the River Danube. Environ. Biol. Fish. 40: 329-348.
• Douglas, A. (2003). Population ecology and behaviour of juvenile biterling (Rhodeus sericeus, Pallas). PhD thesis, Queen Mary College,
• University of London. Holčík, J. (1959). Systematic position of the European bitterling,
• Rhodeus sericeus amarus (Bloch, 1783). Vop.Ikhtiol. 13:39-50.
• Holčík, J. (1960). Age and growth of the European bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus amarus) and notes on different methods of determination of age and growth of fishes. Rozpr. Cesk. Akad. Ved Rada Mat. Prir. Ved. 70: 3-112.
• Holčík, J. (1999). Rhodeus sericeus (Pallas, 1776). In: The freshwater fishes of Europe 5 I. Cyprinidae: 1-32. Banarescu, P. M. (Eds.).
• Wiebelsheim: AULA Verlag. Holčík, J., Jedlicka, L. (1994). Geographical variation in some taxonomically important characters of fishes: the case of bitterling
• Rhodeus sericeus. Environ. Biol. Fish. 41: 147-170. Kottelat, M. (1997). European freshwater fishes. Biologia 52 Suppl. :1-271.
• Koutrakis, E.T., Kokkinakis, A.K., Tsikliras, A.C., Eleftheriadis, E.A. (2003). Characteristics of the European bitterling Rhodeus amarus
• (Cyprinidae) in the Rihios River, Greece. J. Freshwater Ecol. 18: 615- Kozlowski, J. (1996). Optimal allocation of resources explains interspecific life-history pattern in animals with indeterminate growth. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263:559-566
• Lagler, K. F., (1956). Freshwater Fishery Biology W.M.C. Brown
• Company Publishes Dubuque, Iowa. 131-166
• Le Cren, E. D. (1951). The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). J. Animal Ecology 20: 201-219.
• Mann, R. H. K., Mills, C. A., Crisp, D. T. (1984). Geographical variation in the life-history tactics of some species of freshwater fish.
• In: Potts, G.W., Wootton, R.J. (Eds) Fish reproduction: strategies and tactics. Academic Press, London pp. 171-186. Mills, C. A. (1987). The life-history of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus
• (L.) in a productive stream. Freshw. Biol. 17: 53-67. Mills, S.C., Reynolds, J.D. (2003). The bitterling – mussel interaction as a test case for co-evolution. J.Fish Biol.(suppl.A) 63: 84-104.
• Peczalka, A. (1968). Development and reproduction of roach (Rutilus rutilus) in the Szczecin Firth. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 15: 120
• Przybylski, M. (1996). The diel feeding pattern of bitterling, Rhodeus sericeus amarus (Bloch) in the Wieprz-Krzna Canal, Poland. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 43:203-212.
• Przybylski, M., Zieba, G. (2000). Microhabitat preferences of
• European bitterling, Rhodeus sericeus in the Drzewiczka River (Pilica basin). Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 47: 99-114. Przybylski, M., Garcia-Berthou, E. (2004). Age and growth of
• European bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus) in the Wieprz-Krzna Canal, Poland. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology. 4: 207-213. Reichard, M. (1998). A morphological comparison of riverine and oxbow bitterling populations with respect to allometric growth. Folia Zool. 41: 65-73.
• Reichard, M., Jurajda, P. (1999). Patterns of ontogenetic changes in relative growth in the precocial cyprinid, bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus). Netherlands J. Zoology. 49: 111-124.
• Ricker, W. E. (1975). Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish population. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 191: 1-382.
• Schiemer, F., Waidbacher, A. (1992). Strategies of conservation of a
• Danubian fish fauna. In: Boon, P.J., Calow, P. & Petts, G.E. (eds), River conservation and management. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.: 365- Smith, C., Reynolds, J. D., Sutherland, W. J. (2000). The population consequences of reproductive decisions. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 267: 1327-1334.
• Smith, C., Reichard, M., Jurajda, P., Przybylski, M. (2004). The reproductive ecology of the European bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus). J. Zool. (London). 262: 107-124.
• Stearns, S. C. (1976). Life-history tactics. A review of the ideas. Q. Rev. Biol. 51: 3-47.
• Wootton, R. J. (1990). Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Chapman and Hall, London.
• Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical analysis, 4th edn. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 663 pp.
• Zhul’kov, A. I., Nikiforov, S. N. (1987). Some data on the morphology and biology of the bitterling Rhodeus sericeus, of the Tym’ River (Sakhalin). J. Ichthyology. 27: 120-124.