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Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey)

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 164 - 183, 01.12.2014

Öz

Abstract The copepod fauna in Samsun coastal region of the Black Sea was investigated between January 2008 and December 2008. Species composition and abundance as well as physichochemical factors which may influence on them were determined in the samples monthly collected at five stations in the research area. A Bray-Curtis similarity matrix was created from the copepod abundance data and the analyses of agglomerative hierrarchical cluster analysis and multi-dimensional scaling were performed using similarity matrix. A total of 10 species; including seven species Calanus euxinus Hulsemann, 1991; Paracalanus parvus (Claus 1863); Centropagaes ponticus Karavaev, 1894; Calanipedia aquaedulcis (Kritchagin, 1873); Acanthodiaptomus denticornis (Wierzjski 1857); Acartia (Acartiura) clausi Giesbrecht, 1889; Pseudocalanus elongatus (Boeck 1965) belonging to Calanoida, one species Oithona similis (Claus 1863) belonging to Cyclopoida and two species (Euterpina acutifrons Dana, 1852; Canuella perplexa T. and A. Scott, 1893) belonging to Harpacticoida were identified in the copepod community. The maximum abundance was observed in December 2008. The minimum abundances were, however, recorded in July and March 2008. Correlation coefficients between the physico-chemical parameters (temperature, Secchi disc, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS (Total dissolved substance), NH3-N, PO4, SiO2) and the abundance of the copepod species were calculated together with the significance levels.

Kaynakça

  • Aker, V. (2002) Seasonal Distribution of Planktonic Copepods in the Turkish
  • Coastal Waters of the Middle Aegean Sea. Doctoral Thesis, Ege University, Science Institute. Thesis no: 136464.107 pp.(in Turkish).
  • APHA (1995) Standart Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
  • American Public Health Association, Baltimore, 1216 pp.
  • Bagheri, S., Sabkara, J., Mirzajani, A., Khodaparast, S. H., Yosefzad. E, Yeok. F.S. (2013) List of zooplankton taxa in the Caspian Sea waters of Iran. Journal of Marine Biology. Doi: 10.1155/2013/134263
  • Bakus, G.J. (2007) Quantative Analysis of Marine Biological Communities:
  • Field Biology and Environment. Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, 453 pp. Bat, L., Sahin, F., Ustun, F., Kideys, A. E., Satilmis, H. H. (2007) The qualitative and quantitative distribution in phytoplankton and zooplankton of southern Black Sea of cape Sinop, Turkey in 1999-2000. In: OCEANS'07 IEEE
  • Aberdeen Conference and Exhibition, 18-21 June, 2007, Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Centre, Aberdeen, Scotland. Conference Proceedings.
  • Baytut, Ö. (2004) A Study on the Phytoplankton Distribution and Variation
  • Along the Samsun Black Sea Coastline. Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. 156 pp.(in Turkish). Baytut, Ö., Gonulol, A., Koray, T. (2010) Seasonal variations of phytoplankton in relation to eutrification in Samsun Bay, southern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries Sciences 10(3): 363-372.
  • Boltovskoy, D. (1999) South Atlantic Zooplankton (2). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 837 pp.
  • Boxshall, G.A., Halsey, S.H. (2004) An Introduction to Copepod Diversity. The Ray Society, London, 966 pp.
  • Bradford-Grieve, J.M., Markhaseva, E.L., Rocha, C.E.F., Abiahy, B. (1999)
  • Copepoda. In: South Atlantic Zooplankton (2), (ed., D. Boltovskoy), Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 206 pp. Ceccherelli, V. U., Cortesi, D., Fabbri, G. (1982) Dinamica stagionale di una taxocenosi ad Arpacticoidi di ambiente salmastro. Boll. Mus. 1st. Univ. Genova 50: 151-155.
  • Deniz, E. (2009) A Qualitative and Quantitative Study on the Copepod Fauna of
  • Littoral Zone of Samsun. Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. 109 pp. Thesis no: 246520.(in Turkish).
  • Dussart, B.H., Defaye, D. (1995) Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World. University of Gent, Belgium, 277 pp.
  • Ergun, G. (1994) Distribution of five Calanoid Copepod Species in the Southern
  • Black Sea, M.S. Thesis, IMS- Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. (in Turkish). Erkan, F., Gücü, A.C., Zagorodnyaya, J. (2000) The diel vertical distribution of zooplankton in the Southeast Black Sea. Turk. J. Zool. 24: 417-427.
  • Grigorovich, I.A., MacIsaac, H.J., Shadrin, N.V., Mills, E.L. (2002) Patterns and mechanisms of aquatic invertabrate introductions in the Ponto-Caspian region. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59: 1189-1208.
  • Groswami, S.C. (2004) Zooplankton Methodology, Collection and Identification
  • – A Field Manual. Natural Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa- 403004. 684 pp.
  • Gubanova, A.D., Prusova, I.Y., Niermann, U., Shadrin, N.V., Polikarpov, I.G. (2001) Dramatic change in the copepod community in Sevastopol Bay (Black
  • Sea) during two decades (1976-1996). Senckenbergiana Maritima 31: 17-27.
  • Hallegraef, G.M., Anderson, D.M., Cembella, A.D. (1995) Manual on Harmful
  • Marine Microalgae. Unesco Publishing, France, 551 pp. Hansen, B., Østerhus, S., Quadfasel, D., Turrell, W. (2004) Already the day after tomorrow? Science 305: 953-954.
  • Hecky, R.E., Kilham, P. (1973) Diatom in alkaline, saline lakes: ecology and geochemical implications. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 53-71.
  • Huys, R., Boxshall, G.A. (1991) Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp.
  • Kamburska, L. (2004) Effects of Beroe ovata on gelatinous and other zooplankton along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. Aquatic Invasions in the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas 35: 137-154.
  • Konsulov, A., Kamburska, L. (1998) Zooplankton dynamics and variability off the Bulgarian Black Sea coast during 1991-1995. In: NATO TU-Black Sea
  • Project: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 281-292. Kovalev, A., Besiktepe, S., Zagorodnyaya, Y.A., Kideys, A.E. (1998b)
  • Long-term changes in the biomass and composition of fodder zooplankton in coastal regions of the Black Sea during the period 1957-1996. In: NATO TU
  • Black Sea Project: Ecosystem Modelling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 209-220. Kovalev, A., Niermann, U., Melnikov, V. V., Belokopitov, V., Uysal., Z., Kideys, A. E., Unsal, M., Altukhov, D. (1998a) Long-term changes in the Black
  • Sea zooplankton: the role of natural and anthropogenic factors. In: NATO TU- Black Sea Project: Ecosystem Modelling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 221-234. Lagler, K.F. (1956). Freshwater Biology. W.M.C. Brown Company, Publishers Dubuque, Iowa.
  • Niermann, U., Bingel, F., Ergün, G., Greve, W. (1998) Fluctuation of dominant mesozooplankton species in the Black Sea, North Sea and Baltic Sea: Is a general trend recognisable? Tr. J. of Zoology 22: 63-81.
  • Niermann, U., Greve, W. (1997) Distribution and fluctuation of dominant zooplankton species in the southern Black Sea in comparison to the North Sea and Baltic Sea. In: Sensitivity to Change: Black Sea, Baltic Sea and North Sea,
  • (eds., E. Ozsoy, A. Mikaelyan), Kluwer Academic Publisher, pp. 65-78. Özel, İ. (2003) Planktonology II. Marine zooplankton. Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries Publications, İzmir, 49, 269 pp.
  • Özel, İ., Aker, V. (2004) A study on the zooplankton of Çamaltı Saltern Front,
  • İzmir Bay. Turkish Journal of Aquatic Life 2(2): 160-167. Piontkovski, S.A., O’Brien, T.D., Umani S.F., Krupa, E.G., Stuge, T.S., Balymbetov, K.S., Grishaeva, O.V., Kasymov, A.G. (2006). Zooplankton and the North Atlantic Oscillation: a basin-scale analysis. Journal of Plankton Research 28 (11): 1039-1046.
  • Rose, M. (1933) Pelagic copepods. Fauna of France 26: 1-374.
  • Saksena, N.D. (1987) Rotifera as indicators of water quality. Acta. Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 15: 481-485.
  • Sautour, B., Castel, J. (1993) Feeding behavior of the coastal copepod Euterpina acutifrons on small particles. Cah. Biol. Mar. 34: 239-251.
  • Sharma, B.K. (1983) The Indian species of the genus Brachionus (Eurotatoria:
  • Monogononta: Brachionidal). Hydrobiol. 104: 31-39. Shiganova, T.A. (1998) Invasion on the Black Sea by the ctenophore
  • Mnemiopsis leidyi and recent changes in pelagic community structure. Fisheries Oceanography 7: 305-310. Shiganova, T. (2005) Changes in appendicularian Oikopleura dioica abundance caused by invasion of alien ctenophores in the Black Sea. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 85 (3): 477-494.
  • Shiganova, T.A., Kıdeys, A.E., Gücü, A.C., Niermann, U., Khoroshilov, V.S., (1998) Changes in species diversity and abundance of the main components of the Black Sea pelagic community during the last decade. In: NATO TU Black
  • Sea Project: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oğuz). Kluwer Acad. Publ. 1, pp. 171-188. Siokou-Frangou, I., Papathanassiou, E., Lepretre, A., Frontier, S. (1998)
  • Zooplankton assemblages and influence of environmental parameters on them in a Mediterranean coastal area. Journal of Plankton Research 20: 847-870. Siokou-Frangou I., Shiganova T., Christou E.D., Kamburska L., Gubanova A., Konsulov A., Musaeva E., Skryabin V., Khoroshilov, V. (2004)
  • Mesozooplankton communities in the Aegean and Black Sea:a comparative study. Marine Biology 144: 1111-1126.
  • Tarkan, A.N., İşinibilir, M., Tarkan, A.S. (2005) Seasonal variations of the zooplankton composition and abundance in the İstanbul Strait. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8 (9): 1327-1336.
  • Unal, E. (2002) Seasonality of Zooplankton in the Southern Black Sea in 1999 and Genetics of Calanus euxinus (Copepoda). Master Thesis, IMS-Middle East
  • Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 214 pp.(in Turkish). Ustaoğlu, M.R., Özdemir, D., Aygen, C. (2012) Observations of zooplankton in some lagoons in Turkey. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 18 (2): 208- 2
  • Ünlüata, U., Oğuz, T., Latif, M. A., Ozsoy, E. (1990) On the physical oceanography of the Turkish Straits. In: The Physical Oceanography of the Sea
  • Straits, (ed., L. J. Pratt), NATO\ASI Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25-60. Üstün, F. (2005) The Composition and Seasonal Distribution of Zooplankton in the Region of Sinop Cape of the Black Sea, Turkey, Master thesis, Ondokuz
  • Mayıs University, Science Institute. 171 pp. (in Turkish). Üstün, F. (2010) General Distribution of Zooplankton in Turkish Coast of the Black Sea and a Study on Egg Production of Acartia clausi Giesbrecht, 1889
  • (Copepoda= Calanoida), Doctoral Thesis, Sinop University, Science Institute. 126pp. (in Turkish). Vidjak, O., Bojanic, N., Kuśpilic, G., Marasovic, I., Gladan, N.Z., Brautovic, I. (2006) Annual variability and trophic relations of the mesozooplankton community in the eutrophicated coastal area (Vranjic Basin, eastern Adriatic
  • Sea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 86: 19-26. Vinogradov, M.E., Flint, M.V., Shushkina, E.A. (1985) Vertical distribution of mesoplankton in the open area of the Black Sea. Marine Biology 89: 95-107.
  • Yıldız, İ. (2010) Composition and Seasonal Distribution Mesozooplankton in
  • South Black Sea. Doctoral Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Science Institute. 211pp. (in Turkish). Yıldız, N. (1997) A Study on Pelagic Copepoda (Crustacea) Fauna from the Inner Harbour of Sinop. Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. Master
  • Thesis. 42 pp. (in Turkish).
Yıl 2014, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 164 - 183, 01.12.2014

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aker, V. (2002) Seasonal Distribution of Planktonic Copepods in the Turkish
  • Coastal Waters of the Middle Aegean Sea. Doctoral Thesis, Ege University, Science Institute. Thesis no: 136464.107 pp.(in Turkish).
  • APHA (1995) Standart Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
  • American Public Health Association, Baltimore, 1216 pp.
  • Bagheri, S., Sabkara, J., Mirzajani, A., Khodaparast, S. H., Yosefzad. E, Yeok. F.S. (2013) List of zooplankton taxa in the Caspian Sea waters of Iran. Journal of Marine Biology. Doi: 10.1155/2013/134263
  • Bakus, G.J. (2007) Quantative Analysis of Marine Biological Communities:
  • Field Biology and Environment. Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, 453 pp. Bat, L., Sahin, F., Ustun, F., Kideys, A. E., Satilmis, H. H. (2007) The qualitative and quantitative distribution in phytoplankton and zooplankton of southern Black Sea of cape Sinop, Turkey in 1999-2000. In: OCEANS'07 IEEE
  • Aberdeen Conference and Exhibition, 18-21 June, 2007, Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Centre, Aberdeen, Scotland. Conference Proceedings.
  • Baytut, Ö. (2004) A Study on the Phytoplankton Distribution and Variation
  • Along the Samsun Black Sea Coastline. Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. 156 pp.(in Turkish). Baytut, Ö., Gonulol, A., Koray, T. (2010) Seasonal variations of phytoplankton in relation to eutrification in Samsun Bay, southern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries Sciences 10(3): 363-372.
  • Boltovskoy, D. (1999) South Atlantic Zooplankton (2). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 837 pp.
  • Boxshall, G.A., Halsey, S.H. (2004) An Introduction to Copepod Diversity. The Ray Society, London, 966 pp.
  • Bradford-Grieve, J.M., Markhaseva, E.L., Rocha, C.E.F., Abiahy, B. (1999)
  • Copepoda. In: South Atlantic Zooplankton (2), (ed., D. Boltovskoy), Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 206 pp. Ceccherelli, V. U., Cortesi, D., Fabbri, G. (1982) Dinamica stagionale di una taxocenosi ad Arpacticoidi di ambiente salmastro. Boll. Mus. 1st. Univ. Genova 50: 151-155.
  • Deniz, E. (2009) A Qualitative and Quantitative Study on the Copepod Fauna of
  • Littoral Zone of Samsun. Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. 109 pp. Thesis no: 246520.(in Turkish).
  • Dussart, B.H., Defaye, D. (1995) Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World. University of Gent, Belgium, 277 pp.
  • Ergun, G. (1994) Distribution of five Calanoid Copepod Species in the Southern
  • Black Sea, M.S. Thesis, IMS- Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. (in Turkish). Erkan, F., Gücü, A.C., Zagorodnyaya, J. (2000) The diel vertical distribution of zooplankton in the Southeast Black Sea. Turk. J. Zool. 24: 417-427.
  • Grigorovich, I.A., MacIsaac, H.J., Shadrin, N.V., Mills, E.L. (2002) Patterns and mechanisms of aquatic invertabrate introductions in the Ponto-Caspian region. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59: 1189-1208.
  • Groswami, S.C. (2004) Zooplankton Methodology, Collection and Identification
  • – A Field Manual. Natural Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa- 403004. 684 pp.
  • Gubanova, A.D., Prusova, I.Y., Niermann, U., Shadrin, N.V., Polikarpov, I.G. (2001) Dramatic change in the copepod community in Sevastopol Bay (Black
  • Sea) during two decades (1976-1996). Senckenbergiana Maritima 31: 17-27.
  • Hallegraef, G.M., Anderson, D.M., Cembella, A.D. (1995) Manual on Harmful
  • Marine Microalgae. Unesco Publishing, France, 551 pp. Hansen, B., Østerhus, S., Quadfasel, D., Turrell, W. (2004) Already the day after tomorrow? Science 305: 953-954.
  • Hecky, R.E., Kilham, P. (1973) Diatom in alkaline, saline lakes: ecology and geochemical implications. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 53-71.
  • Huys, R., Boxshall, G.A. (1991) Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp.
  • Kamburska, L. (2004) Effects of Beroe ovata on gelatinous and other zooplankton along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. Aquatic Invasions in the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas 35: 137-154.
  • Konsulov, A., Kamburska, L. (1998) Zooplankton dynamics and variability off the Bulgarian Black Sea coast during 1991-1995. In: NATO TU-Black Sea
  • Project: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 281-292. Kovalev, A., Besiktepe, S., Zagorodnyaya, Y.A., Kideys, A.E. (1998b)
  • Long-term changes in the biomass and composition of fodder zooplankton in coastal regions of the Black Sea during the period 1957-1996. In: NATO TU
  • Black Sea Project: Ecosystem Modelling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 209-220. Kovalev, A., Niermann, U., Melnikov, V. V., Belokopitov, V., Uysal., Z., Kideys, A. E., Unsal, M., Altukhov, D. (1998a) Long-term changes in the Black
  • Sea zooplankton: the role of natural and anthropogenic factors. In: NATO TU- Black Sea Project: Ecosystem Modelling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oguz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 221-234. Lagler, K.F. (1956). Freshwater Biology. W.M.C. Brown Company, Publishers Dubuque, Iowa.
  • Niermann, U., Bingel, F., Ergün, G., Greve, W. (1998) Fluctuation of dominant mesozooplankton species in the Black Sea, North Sea and Baltic Sea: Is a general trend recognisable? Tr. J. of Zoology 22: 63-81.
  • Niermann, U., Greve, W. (1997) Distribution and fluctuation of dominant zooplankton species in the southern Black Sea in comparison to the North Sea and Baltic Sea. In: Sensitivity to Change: Black Sea, Baltic Sea and North Sea,
  • (eds., E. Ozsoy, A. Mikaelyan), Kluwer Academic Publisher, pp. 65-78. Özel, İ. (2003) Planktonology II. Marine zooplankton. Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries Publications, İzmir, 49, 269 pp.
  • Özel, İ., Aker, V. (2004) A study on the zooplankton of Çamaltı Saltern Front,
  • İzmir Bay. Turkish Journal of Aquatic Life 2(2): 160-167. Piontkovski, S.A., O’Brien, T.D., Umani S.F., Krupa, E.G., Stuge, T.S., Balymbetov, K.S., Grishaeva, O.V., Kasymov, A.G. (2006). Zooplankton and the North Atlantic Oscillation: a basin-scale analysis. Journal of Plankton Research 28 (11): 1039-1046.
  • Rose, M. (1933) Pelagic copepods. Fauna of France 26: 1-374.
  • Saksena, N.D. (1987) Rotifera as indicators of water quality. Acta. Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 15: 481-485.
  • Sautour, B., Castel, J. (1993) Feeding behavior of the coastal copepod Euterpina acutifrons on small particles. Cah. Biol. Mar. 34: 239-251.
  • Sharma, B.K. (1983) The Indian species of the genus Brachionus (Eurotatoria:
  • Monogononta: Brachionidal). Hydrobiol. 104: 31-39. Shiganova, T.A. (1998) Invasion on the Black Sea by the ctenophore
  • Mnemiopsis leidyi and recent changes in pelagic community structure. Fisheries Oceanography 7: 305-310. Shiganova, T. (2005) Changes in appendicularian Oikopleura dioica abundance caused by invasion of alien ctenophores in the Black Sea. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 85 (3): 477-494.
  • Shiganova, T.A., Kıdeys, A.E., Gücü, A.C., Niermann, U., Khoroshilov, V.S., (1998) Changes in species diversity and abundance of the main components of the Black Sea pelagic community during the last decade. In: NATO TU Black
  • Sea Project: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oğuz). Kluwer Acad. Publ. 1, pp. 171-188. Siokou-Frangou, I., Papathanassiou, E., Lepretre, A., Frontier, S. (1998)
  • Zooplankton assemblages and influence of environmental parameters on them in a Mediterranean coastal area. Journal of Plankton Research 20: 847-870. Siokou-Frangou I., Shiganova T., Christou E.D., Kamburska L., Gubanova A., Konsulov A., Musaeva E., Skryabin V., Khoroshilov, V. (2004)
  • Mesozooplankton communities in the Aegean and Black Sea:a comparative study. Marine Biology 144: 1111-1126.
  • Tarkan, A.N., İşinibilir, M., Tarkan, A.S. (2005) Seasonal variations of the zooplankton composition and abundance in the İstanbul Strait. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8 (9): 1327-1336.
  • Unal, E. (2002) Seasonality of Zooplankton in the Southern Black Sea in 1999 and Genetics of Calanus euxinus (Copepoda). Master Thesis, IMS-Middle East
  • Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 214 pp.(in Turkish). Ustaoğlu, M.R., Özdemir, D., Aygen, C. (2012) Observations of zooplankton in some lagoons in Turkey. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 18 (2): 208- 2
  • Ünlüata, U., Oğuz, T., Latif, M. A., Ozsoy, E. (1990) On the physical oceanography of the Turkish Straits. In: The Physical Oceanography of the Sea
  • Straits, (ed., L. J. Pratt), NATO\ASI Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25-60. Üstün, F. (2005) The Composition and Seasonal Distribution of Zooplankton in the Region of Sinop Cape of the Black Sea, Turkey, Master thesis, Ondokuz
  • Mayıs University, Science Institute. 171 pp. (in Turkish). Üstün, F. (2010) General Distribution of Zooplankton in Turkish Coast of the Black Sea and a Study on Egg Production of Acartia clausi Giesbrecht, 1889
  • (Copepoda= Calanoida), Doctoral Thesis, Sinop University, Science Institute. 126pp. (in Turkish). Vidjak, O., Bojanic, N., Kuśpilic, G., Marasovic, I., Gladan, N.Z., Brautovic, I. (2006) Annual variability and trophic relations of the mesozooplankton community in the eutrophicated coastal area (Vranjic Basin, eastern Adriatic
  • Sea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 86: 19-26. Vinogradov, M.E., Flint, M.V., Shushkina, E.A. (1985) Vertical distribution of mesoplankton in the open area of the Black Sea. Marine Biology 89: 95-107.
  • Yıldız, İ. (2010) Composition and Seasonal Distribution Mesozooplankton in
  • South Black Sea. Doctoral Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Science Institute. 211pp. (in Turkish). Yıldız, N. (1997) A Study on Pelagic Copepoda (Crustacea) Fauna from the Inner Harbour of Sinop. Ondokuz Mayıs University, Science Institute. Master
  • Thesis. 42 pp. (in Turkish).
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Eda Deniz Bu kişi benim

Arif Gönülol Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Deniz, E. ., & Gönülol, A. . (2014). Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey). Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 20(3), 164-183.
AMA Deniz E, Gönülol A. Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey). Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment. Aralık 2014;20(3):164-183.
Chicago Deniz, Eda, ve Arif Gönülol. “Temporal Changes of Copepod Abundance and Species Compositions in the Coastal Water of Samsun, the Southern Black Sea (Turkey)”. Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment 20, sy. 3 (Aralık 2014): 164-83.
EndNote Deniz E, Gönülol A (01 Aralık 2014) Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey). Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment 20 3 164–183.
IEEE E. . Deniz ve A. . Gönülol, “Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey)”, Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, c. 20, sy. 3, ss. 164–183, 2014.
ISNAD Deniz, Eda - Gönülol, Arif. “Temporal Changes of Copepod Abundance and Species Compositions in the Coastal Water of Samsun, the Southern Black Sea (Turkey)”. Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment 20/3 (Aralık 2014), 164-183.
JAMA Deniz E, Gönülol A. Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey). Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment. 2014;20:164–183.
MLA Deniz, Eda ve Arif Gönülol. “Temporal Changes of Copepod Abundance and Species Compositions in the Coastal Water of Samsun, the Southern Black Sea (Turkey)”. Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, c. 20, sy. 3, 2014, ss. 164-83.
Vancouver Deniz E, Gönülol A. Temporal changes of copepod abundance and species compositions in the coastal water of Samsun, the southern Black Sea (Turkey). Journal of Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment. 2014;20(3):164-83.