Data evaluation of Ankara Numune Training and Education Hospital immunofixation electrophoresis

Abstract

Objective: The immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) is a method used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treat­ment of monoclonal gammopathies (MG). The mono­clonal gammopathies include premalignant or malignant disease such as multiple myeloma, Waldenström\'s mak­roglobulinaemia (WM), plasmacytoma, monoclonal gam­mopati of undetermined significance (MGUS), plasma cell leukemia and amiloidosis (AL). We aimed to evaluate IFE reports analyzed in Ankara Numune Teaching and Re­search hospital from January to July 2011. Methods: IFE was studied by Interlab G26 in our labora­tory. In this study, all IFE reports examined which analyzed between January and July 2011. The results assessed for frequency and type of MG and also for diagnosis of the disease. Results: A total of 688 patients from January to July 2011 were studied by IFE and 126 (18.3%) patients have been identified as MG. There were 72 (57.1%) men and 54 (42.9%) women in patients with MG. Distribution of iso­types were IgG kappa 41.3%, IgG lambda 35.6%, IgA kappa 11.5%, IgA lambda 5.8%, IgM kappa 3.8% and IgM lambda 1.9%. There were MM (65.9%), WM (0.07%) and MGUS (33%) in patients with MG. Conclusion: IgG kappa was the most common type of MG and MM was the most common disease in these pa­tients. MG detection rate was 18% in patients requested IFE test. The decreased rate has shown that at first serum protein electrophoresis must studied and then IFE test must be performed in patients who have an uncertainty of MG. J Clin Exp Invest 2013; 4 (2):148-152

Keywords

• Monoclonal gammopathies, immunofixation electrophoresis, multiple myeloma

Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi immünfiksasyon elektroforezi verilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: İmmünfiksasyon elektroforezi (IFE), monoklonal gammapatilerin (MG) tanı, takip ve tedavi sürecinin yön­lendirilmesinde kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Monoklonal gam­mapatiler; malignite potansiyeli olan ya da malign hasta­lıklardan multipl myelom (MM), Waldenstrom makroglo­bulinemisi (WM), soliter plazmositom, önemi bilinmeyen monoklonal gamapati (MGUS), plazma hücreli lösemi ve amiloidozu (AL) kapsamaktadır. Çalışmamızda, Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Merkez Labora­tuvarında Ocak 2011 -Temmuz 2011 tarihleri arasında ça­lışılmış olan IFE verilerinin retrospektif olarak incelenerek sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: IFE laboratuvarımızda İnterlab G26 cihazın­da çalışılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Ocak-Temmuz 2011 tarihleri arasında çalışılan tüm IFE sonuçları incelenmiş­tir. Sonuçlar MG sıklığı, MG türü ve hastaların aldığı tanı açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Ocak-Temmuz 2011 tarihleri arasında toplam 688 hastaya IFE yapılmış, 126 (%18,3)\'sında MG tespit edilmiştir. MG tespit edilen hastaların 72 (%57,1) \'si er­kek, 54 (%42,9)\'ü kadındı. İzotip dağılımları IgG kappa %41,3, IgG lambda %35,6, IgA kappa %11,5, IgA lambda %5,8, IgM kappa %3,8, IgM lambda %1,9 şeklindeydi. Hastaların tanıları; MM (%65,9), WM (%0.07) ve MGUS (%33) olarak belirlendi. Sonuç: MG tespit edilen hastalarda en sık görülen pa­tern IgG kappa idi. Hastaların en çok aldığı tanı ise MM idi. Laboratuarımıza IFE istemi ile başvuran hastalarda MG saptanma oranı ise %18 olarak bulundu. Bu oranın düşüklüğü, hastaların önce serum protein elektroforezi (SPE) ile değerlendirilip MG varlığı ya da şüphesinde IFE istemi yapılmasının önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Monoklonal gammapati, immünfik­sasyon elektroforezi, multipl myelomJ Clin Exp Invest 2013;4(2):148-152

Kaynakça

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