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Öz

Oxidative stress is described as disturbed oxidative balance between increased reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radical (OH•), superoxide radical (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which occurs during normal cellular metabolism and decreased antioxidants which have scavenging effects on free radicals. Reactive oxygen species resulted from increased oxidative stress attacks on to the double bonds of lipids, proteins and DNA bases, removing one hydrogen atom from structure and initiate to oxidative chain reactions. This process leads to cellular damage and death damaging intracellular macromolecules such as lipids, proteins and DNA. The damage of free radicals is detected measuring oxidative products such as malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO) and 8-hydroxyguanine derivatives (8-OHG, 8-hidroksi-2′deoksiguanozin) in body fluids and various tissues.Although considerable amount of studies in this field, the effects of oxidative stress on cellular structures still remain unknown. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the biochemical aspects of oxidative stress, antioxidant systems and their mechanism of actions and oxidative products. J Clin Exp Invest 2015; 6 (3): 331-336

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Oxidative stress, protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxyguanine

Oksidatif stres ve hücre içi lipit, protein ve DNA yapıları üzerine etkileri

Öz

Oksidatif stres, hücresel metabolizma sırasında oluşan hidroksil radikali, süperoksit radikali ve hidrojen peroksit gibi reaktif oksijen türlerinin artışı (ROS) ile onları detoksifiye eden, antioksidanların yetersizliği sonucu oksidatif dengenin bozulması olarak tanımlanır. Oksidatif stresteki artış sonucunda oluşan reaktif oksijen türleri hücre içi lipit ve protein yapıların çift bağ içeren gruplarına ve DNA’daki bazların çift bağlarına saldırır ve bir hidrojen atomu kopararak zincirleme oksidasyon reaksiyonlarını başlatırlar. Sonuçta hücre içi lipit, protein ve DNA gibi makromoleküller hasarlanarak hücre zedelenmesi veya hücre ölümü meydana gelir. Serbest radikallerin etkileri ile makromoleküllerin oksidatif hasarı sonucunda açığa çıkan malondialdehit (MDA) , protein karbonil (PCO), 8-hidroksiguanin (8-OHG) gibi ürünlerin vücut sıvıları ve dokularda biyokimyasal yöntemlerle ölçülmesi ile oksidatif hasar varlığı tespit edilir.

Son yıllarda bu alanda gittikçe artan sayıda çalışmaya rağmen halen oksidatif stresin hücre içi yapılar üzerine etkisi bütün yönleriyle bilinmemektedir. Bu derlemede oksidatif stresin oluşum mekanizması, antioksidan sistemler ve etki mekanizmaları, hücre içi yapılara olan etkileri ve oksidatif streste oluşan yıkım ürünlerinin biyokimyasal yönden değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Oksidatif stres, protein karbonil, malondialdehit, 8-hidroksiguanin

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Oksidatif stres, protein karbonil, malondialdehit, 8-hidroksiguanin

Kaynakça

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