Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Cyto-/Genotoxic Activities of Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Yıl 2017, , 22 - 30, 30.03.2017

Ferda Arı , Serap Çelikler Didem Karakaş, Et Al.

https://doi.org/10.5799/jcei.328748

Cited By: 2

Öz

Objective: Because the current cancer treatment success rate is not sufficient, plants have been gaining importance
as a possible source for anti-cancer compounds. This study aimed to investigate both the genotoxic and cytotoxic
activities of methanol extracts of Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew (P. quercetorum), which is traditionally used for its
antihelminthic activity, but has not yet been studied for its effect in breast cancer cells.
Methods: In this study, the cyto-genotoxic activities of methanol extracts of Pelargonium quercetorum were
investigated in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The cytotoxic effect of the extract on these cells
was evaluated by MTT and ATP viability assays. The mode of cell death (apoptosis/necrosis) was determined using
fluorescence microscopy and biochemical methods. Genotoxic activity was studied with Comet assay. In addition, the
total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-
ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] methods, respectively.
Results: Results of this study reveal that Pelargonium quercetorum has a large total phenolic content and high
antioxidant capacity. Pelargonium quercetorum induced anti-growth effects in a dose-dependent manner in cancer
cells. The extract killed the cells by apoptosis as evidenced by the presence of pyknotic nucleus and annexin V-FITC
positivity. The extract also exerted genotoxic activity at relatively low doses.
Conclusion: These results suggest that Pelargonium quercetorum induces apoptosis-like cell death by causing DNA
damage in breast cancer cells.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pelargonium quercetorum, apoptosis, breast cancer cells, DNA damage

Kaynakça

• 1. Saraswathi J, Venkatesh K, Baburao N, Hilal MH, Rani AR. Phytopharmacological importance of Pelargonium Species. J Med Plant Res 2011;5:2587-98.
• 2. Lewtak K, Fiołka MJ, Szczuka E, et al. Analysis of antifungal and anticancer effects of the extract from Pelargonium zonale. Micron 2014;66:69-79.
• 3. Douglas JS. Essential oil crops and their uses. World crops 1969;21:49-54.
• 4. Kolodziej H, Fascinating metabolic pools of Pelargonium sidoides and Pelargonium reniforme, traditional and phytomedicinal sources of the herbal medicine Umckaloabo. Phytomedicine 2007;6:9-17.
• 5. Ozbilge H, Kaya EG, Taskin OM, Kosar M. Antimicrobial activity of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. (Geraniaceae) roots against some microorganisms. J Med Plant Res 2010;4:2647-50.
• 6. Witte K, Koch E, Volk HD, Wolk K, Sabat R. The Pelargonium sidoides Extract EPs 7630 Drives the Innate Immune Defense by Activating Selected MAP Kinase Pathways in Human Monocytes. PLoS One 2015;10:9-e0138075.
• 7. Pereira A, Bester M, Soundy P, Apostolides Z. Activity-guided isolation and identification of the major antioxidant and anticancer compounds from a commercial Pelargonium sidoides tincture. Med Chem Res 2015;24:3838-38.
• 8. Kaval I, Behcet L, Cakilcioglu U. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Geçitli and its surrounding (Hakkari-Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 2014;155:171-84.
• 9. Davis PH, Tan K, Mill RR. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean lslands (suppl.), V: 10, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. 1988.
• 10. Aztopal N, Cevatemre B, Sarimahmut M, et al. Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew induces apoptosis without PARP or cytokeratin 18 cleavage in non small cell lung cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2016;12:1429-37.
• 11. Sahin S, Aybastier O, Işik E. Optimisation of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from Artemisia absinthium using response surface methodology. Food Chem 2013;141:1361-8.
• 12. Sahin S, Işik E, Aybastier O, Demir C. Orthogonal signal correction-based prediction of total antioxidant activity using partial least squares regression from chromatograms. J Chemom 2012; 26(7):390-9.
• 13. Ulukaya E, Ozdikicioglu F, Oral AY, Demirci M. The MTT assay yields a relatively lower result of growth inhibition than the ATP assay depending on the chemotherapeutic drugs tested. Toxicol In Vitro 2008;22:232-9.
• 14. Andreotti PE, Cree IA, Kurbacher CM, et al. Chemosensitivity testing of human tumors using a microplate adenosine triphosphate luminescence assay: clinical correlation for cisplatin resistance of ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1995;55:5276-82.
• 15. Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res 1988;175:184-91.
• 16. Anderson D, Yu TW, Phillips BJ, Schmezer P. The effect of various antioxidants and other modifying agents on oxygen-radical-generated DNA damage in human lymphocytes in the COMET assay. Mutat Res 1994;307:261-71.
• 17. Čavar S, Maksimović M. Antioxidant activity of essential oil and aqueous extract of Pelargonium graveolens L’Her. Food Control 2012;23:263-7.
• 18. Dimitrova M, Mihaylova D, Popova A, Alexieva J, Sapundzhieva T, Fidan H. Phenolic Profile, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Pelargonium Graveolens Leaves’ Extracts. Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies 2015;19:130-5.
• 19. Boukhris M, Simmonds MS, Sayadi S, Bouaziz M. Chemical composition and biological activities of polar extracts and essential oil of rose-scented geranium, Pelargonium graveolens. Phytother Res 2013;8:1206-13.
• 20. Adewusi EA, Afolayan AJ. Effect of Pelargonium reniforme roots on alcohol-induced liver damage and oxidative stress. Pharm Biol 2010;48:980-7.
• 21. Haag JD, Lindstrom MJ, Gould MN. Limoneneinduced regression of mammary carcinomas. Cancer Res 1992;52:4021-6.
• 22. Zhuang SR, Chen SL, Tsai JH, et al. Effect of citronellol and the Chinese medical herb complex on cellular immunity of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Phytother Res 2009;23:785-90.
• 23. Pereira A, Bester M, Soundy P, Apostolides Z. Anti-proliferative properties of commercial Pelargonium sidoides tincture, with cell-cycle G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in Jurkat leukaemia cells. Pharm Biol 2016;54:1831-40.
• 24. Wani M, Taylor H, Wall M, Coggon P, McPhail A. Plant antitumor agents. VI. The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus brevifolia. J Am Chem Soc 1971;93:2325-7.