Current approach to sexual disfunctions in women

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 3, 235 - 240, 01.09.2010

Hikmet Yaşar Levend Özkan Abdulkadir Tepeler

https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2010.03.0201

Cited By: 1

Öz

Even though sexual problems and sexual dysfunction are commonly observed in the society, a significant majority of the problems are not reported to the doctors, and due to this fact, remain unaddressed. In our country, the studies about sexual dysfunction are limited in number but in recent years there has been an increase in these studies. The ratio of sexual dysfunction is higher in women than the ratio in men (43%; 31%). However, there are few treatment modality about women sexual dysfunction. Most commonly observed sexual dysfunctions in women are loss of sexual interest/desire, sexual arousal dysfunctions, orgasm dysfunctions, dyspareunia, vaginismus and sexual anxiety. In DSM-IV-TR, sexual dysfunction is treated by taking stress and interfamily relation problems into consideration. According to WHO\'s definition, sexual health refers the combination of physical, emotional, intellectual and social sexual existense with the techniques that would increase personality communication and love. Sexual problems damage this combination, and cause pyschological and social problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sexual dysfunciton, woman, treatment

Kadınlarda cinsel fonksiyon bozukluklarına güncel yaklaşım

Öz

Toplumda cinsellikle ilgili sorunlar ve cinsel işlev bozuklukları her ne kadar sık görülse de bunların önemli bir kısmı doktora yansıtılmamakta ve bu yüzden de çözümsüz kalmaktadır. Ülkemizde cinsel işlev bozukluklarıyla ilgili yapılan çalışmalar az sayıda olmasına rağmen son yıllarda bu yönde yapılan çalışmalarda artış görülmektedir. Kadınlardaki seksüel bozuklukların oranı erkeklerden daha fazladır (%43; %31). Buna rağmen kadın cinsel fonksiyon bozuklukları ile ilgili daha az tedavi modalitesi bulunmaktadır. Kadında en sık görülen cinsel işlev bozuklukları; seksüel ilgi/istek azalması, uyarılma bozuklukları, orgazm bozuklukları, disparoni, vajinismus ve seksüel kaygı hastalığıdır. DSM-IV-TR\'de ise cinsel fonksiyon bozukluğu belirgin stres ya da eşler arası ilişki bozulmaları dikkate alınarak değerlendirilir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün tanımına göre ise cinsel sağlık; kişilik, iletişim ve aşkı arttıran yollarla cinsel varoluşun bedensel, duygusal, entellektüel ve sosyal yönlerinin bir bütünleşmesidir. Cinsellikle ilgili sorunlar bu bütünlüğün bozulmasına yol açarak, bireylerin ruhsal ve sosyal sorunlar yaşamasına sebep olur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cinsel fonksiyon bozukluğu, kadın, tedavi

Kaynakça

• Masters WH, Johnson VE. Excitemant in females .In: Mas- ters WH, Johnson VE, eds. Human sexual response. 1st ed. Boston: Little, Brown;1996. p.128-62.
• Kaplan HS. The immediate causes of sexual dysfunction. In: Kaplan HS, ed. The new sex therapy. 2nd ed. New York: Brunner/Mazel; 1974.p.121-37
• Lief H. What’s new in sex research? İnhibited sexual desire. Med aspects Hum Sex 1997; 11: 94-5.
• Patel AS, O’Leary ML, Stein RJ. The relationship bewen overavtive bladder and sexual activity in women. Int Braz J Urol 2006; 32:77-87
• Tiefer L. Historical, scientific, clinical and feminist criticizm of ‘the human sexual response cycl’model. Annu Rev Sex Res 1991; 2:1-2.
• Laan E,Everaerd W. Determinats of female sexual arousal: Psychophysiological theori and data. Annu Rev Sex Res 1995; 6:32-76.
• Basson R. Using a different goel for female sexual response to address women’s problematic low sexual desie. J Sex Marid Ther 2001;27:395-403.
• Basson R,Berman J,Burnett A. Report of the international consensus development conference on famale sexual dys- function: Definitions and classifications. J Urol 2000; 163: 888-93
• Gott M, Galena E, Hinchliff S, et al. ‘Opening a can of worms’: GP and practise nurse barriers to talking about sexual helath in primary care. Fam Pract 2004; 21: 528-36.
• McCoy NL. Questionnaires to measure sexual quality of life. The McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire Qual Life Res. 2000;9:739-45
• Heiman JR, Guess MK, Connell K. Standards for clinical tri- als in sexual dysfunctions of women: research designs and outcomes assessment. In: Lue TF, Basson R, Rossen R, eds. Sexual Medicine-Sexual Dysfunction İn Men and Women. 2nd International Consultations on Sexual Dysfunctions,1st ed. Paris: Health Publications; 2004. p.633-82.
• Rosen RC, Brown C, Heiman J et al. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): a multimensioanal self-report in- strument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex 2000; 26: 191-208.
• Numberg HG, Hensley PL, Heiman JR et al. Sildenafil treatment of women with antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction: a randomizedcontrolled trial. JAMA 2008; 300: 395-404
• Chancellor MB, Yoshimura N. Physiology and pharmacol- ogy of the bladder and ürethra. In:Walsh PC, Retik AB, Stamey TA, Vaughan ED Jr, eds: Campbell’s Urology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2002. p.831-886
• Yılmaz E, Esra Zeytinci I, Sarı S et al. Investigation of Sexual Problems in Married People Living in the Center of Konya. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2010 ;21:126-34.
• Laumann EO, Gagnon JH, Michael RT. Sexual dysfunc- tion. In: Laumann EO, Gagnon JH, Michael RT,eds. The social organization of sexuality. Sexual practies in the United States. 1st ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Pres;1994.p.368-74
• Leiblum S. What every urologist shuld know about female sexual dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 1999; 11: 39-40.
• Stenberg A, Heimer G, Ulmsten U. The prevelance of uro- genital symptoms in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 1995; 22: 17-20
• Frank E, Anderson C, Rubenstein D. Frequency of sexual dysfunction in normal’couples. N Eng J Med 1978; 299: 111-5.
• Rosen RC, Taylor JF, Leiblum SR. Prevalance of sexual dysfunction in women: Results of survey study of 329 women in an outpatient gynecological clinic. L Sex Marit Ther 1993; 19: 171-88.
• Blumel JE, Castelo-Branco C, Cancelo MJ et al. Impair- ment os sexual avtivity in middle-aged women in Chile. Menopause 2004; 11: 78-81.
• Dennerstein L, Dudley E, Burger H. Are changes in sexual functioning during midlife due to aging or menopause? Fer- til Steril 2001; 76: 456-60.
• Salonia A, Zanni G, Nappi RE. Sexual dysfunction is com- mon in women with lower urinary tract symptoms and uri- nary incontinence: result of a crosssektional study. Eur Urol 2004; 45: 642-8.
• Yaylali GF, Tekekoglu S, Akin F. Sexual dysfunction in obese and overweight women. Int J Impot Res 2010; 22: 220-6.
• Kadioglu P, Yetkin DO, Sanli O et al. Obesity might not be a risk factor for female sexual dysfunction. BJU Int 2010;106:1357-61.
• Kütmeç C, Yurtsever S. Effects of sexual function of essen- tial hypertensions in women. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2010 in pres doi:10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2010.04.004.
• Atis G, Dalkilinc A, Altuntas Y, et al. Sexual dysfunction in women with clinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hypo- thyroidism. J Sex Med 2010;7:2583-90.
• Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G et al. Determinants of female sexual dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Int J Impot Res 2010; 22: 179-84.
• Basson R, Berman J, Burnett A. Report of international concensus development conference on sexual dysfunction: definitions and classification of female sexual dysfunction. J Urol 2000; 163: 888-93.
• Leiblum SR. Critical overview of the new concensus-based definitions and classification of female sexual dysfunction. J Sex Marit Ther 2001; 27: 159-67
• Gerstenberger EP, Rosen RC, Brewer JV et al. Sexual Desire and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): A Sexual Desire Cutpointfor Clinical Interpretation of the FSFI in Women with and without Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disor- der. J Sex Med 2010;7:3096-103.
• Clayton AH. The pathophysiology of hypoactive sexual de- sire disorder in women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010;110:7- 11.
• Reid S, Barbui C. Long term treatment of depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and newer antide- pressants. BMJ 2010; 340: 752-5.
• Jayne C, Gago BA. Diagnosis and treatment of female sexu- al arousal disorder. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2009; 52: 675-81.
• Borg C, de Jong PJ, Schultz WW. Vaginismus and dyspare- unia: Automatic vs. deliberate disgust responsivity. J Sex Med 2010;7:2149-57.
• Landry T, Bergeron S. Biopsychosocial factors associated with dyspareunia in a community sample of adolescent girls. Arch Sex Behav. 2010 in pres DOI: 10.1007/s10508- 010-9637-9.
• Berman JR., Berman L A, Lin H. et al: Effect of sildena- fil on subjective and physiologic parameters of the female sexual response in women with sexual arousal disorder. J Sex Marital Ther 2001; 27: 411-6.
• Wyckoff MH, Chambliss KL, Mineo C. et al. Plasma mem- brane estrogen receptors arecoupled to endothelial nitric- oxide synthase through Galpha(i). J BiolChem 2001; 276: 2771-5.
• Marin R, Escrig A, Abreu P. et al. Androgen dependent nitric oxide release in rat penis correlates with levels of constitutive nitricoxide synthase isoenzymes. Biol Reprod 1999; 61: 1012-6.