An overview of the genetic diversity of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in Turkey

Öz

Echinococcus granulosus is a parasite that lives as a host in animals and humans, causes great economic damage and poses a serious threat to health. Morphological differences and intermediate host preference are used to distinguish the species of this parasite. Ten genotypes and lion strains of Echinococcus granulosus have been identified in molecular studies to date. It contributes to the fact that the effects of cystic echinococcosis detected in humans and the disease process caused by different genotypes can be handled differently. In genetic diversity analysis, species were classified as Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, Echinococcus equinus, Echinococcus ortleppi, Echinococcus canadensis and Echinococcus felidis genotypes. Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto is the most common cause of human cystic echinococcosis worldwide and in Turkey. In this review, the distribution and epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus genotypes detected in humans and animals in Turkey are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Echinococcus granulosus
• genetic diversity
• genotypes
• human
• animals
• cystic echinococcosis

Türkiye'deki Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato'nun genetik çeşitliliğine genel bir bakış

Öz

Echinococcus granulosus hayvanlarda ve insanlarda konak olarak yaşayarak büyük ekonomik zarar oluşturan ve sağlık açısından önemli tehdit oluşturan bir parazittir. Morfolojik farklılıkları ve ara konak tercihi bu parazitin türlerini ayırt etmede kullanılmaktadır. Günümüze kadar yapılan moleküler çalışmalarda Echinococcus granulosus'un on genotipi ve aslan suşu tespit edilmiştir. İnsanlarda tespit edilen kistik ekinokokkoz ile farklı genotiplerin oluşturduğu hastalık sürecinde de etkilerinin de farklı olarak ele alınabilmesi açısından katkı sağlamaktadır. Genetik çeşitlilik analizinde Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, Echinococcus equinus, Echinococcus ortleppi, Echinococcus canadensis ve Echinococcus felidis genotipi şeklinde türler sınıflandılmıştır. Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto insan kistik ekkinokkozunda dünya ve Türkiye çapında en çok görülen etkendir. Bu derlemede de, Türkiye'de insan ve hayvanlarda tespit edilen Echinococcus granulosus genotiplerinin dağılımı ve epidemiyolojisi tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Echinococcus granulosus
• genetik çeşitlilik
• genotipler
• insan
• hayvanlar
• kistik ekinokokkoz

Kaynakça

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