Araştırma Makalesi
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The role of computed tomography in the evaluation of intrapulmonary complications in rib fractures according to their sites and types

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 5, 208 - 215, 30.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1774569

Öz

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the complication risks by different locations and types of rib fractures and to emphasize the role of computed tomography (CT).
Material and Method: Patients’ findings undergoing thoracic CT due to blunt chest trauma in the emergency department of our hospital between 1st September 2021 and 31st December 2023 were retrospectively evaluated, and 560 patients with rib fractures were included in the study. Such factors as age, gender, axial (anterior, posterior, lateral, and multiple) and coronal plane (upper, middle, and lower) fracture status, and the incidence of intrapulmonary complications of all patients were evaluated through CT. It was investigated whether there were statistical differences between the study findings.
Results: In the Mann-Whitney U test, the mean age of females was seen to be significantly higher than in males (p<0.001). It was also found that the frequency of displaced fractures was significantly higher in those with advanced age (p=0.22), and the frequency of intrapulmonary complications was significantly higher (p<0.001). Rib fractures were most frequently seen in the posterior plane in the axial plane, and most frequently in the midplane in the coronal plane. However, in the Kruskal-Wallis test, the development of complications was found to be significantly higher in these localizations, compared to other regions (p<0.001).
Discussion: CT plays a critical role in those with rib fractures, both in determining the location of the fracture and in detecting fracture-related complications. Our study findings reveal that CT should be included in clinical decision-making processes in the management of rib fractures.

Etik Beyan

Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi ilaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Dışı Araştırmalar Etik kurulu. Approval number: 2024/5415

Destekleyen Kurum

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank the radiology department staff at Konya City Hospital for their support in data collection.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Martin TJ, Eltorai AS, Dunn R, et al. Clinical management of rib fractures and methods for prevention of pulmonary complications: a review. Injury. 2019;50(6):1159–1165.
  • 2. Ziegler DW, Agarwal NN. The morbidity and mortality of rib fractures. J Trauma. 1994;37(6):975-979.
  • 3. Trupka A, Waydhas C, Hallfeldt K et al. Value of thoracic computed tomography in the first assessment of severely injured patients with blunt chest trauma: results of a prospective study. J Trauma 1997;6(2): 405−443.
  • 4. Zinck SE, Primack SL. Radiographic and CT findings in blunt chest trauma. Journal of Thoracic Imaging. 2000;15(2):87–96.
  • 5. Flagel BT, Luchette FA, Reed RL, et al. Half-a-dozen ribs: the breakpoint for mortality. Surgery. 2005;138(4):717-725.
  • 6.Kim W, Song J, Moon S, et al. Characteristics of rib fracture patients who require chest computed tomography in the emergency department. BMC Emergency Medicine. 2023;23(1):33.
  • 7. Yalçınkaya İ, Aydın Y, Gülcü B, et al. Göğüs travması: 126 olgunun analizi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2000;6(4):288-291.
  • 8. Committee on Trauma. Advanced Trauma Life Support ® (ATLS ®) Student Course Manual. 10th Ed. Chicago: American College of Surgeons; 2018.
  • 9. Serin Hİ, Erkoç MF. Toraks travmalı erişkin hastalardaki kot fraktürü ve hemopnömotoraks arasındaki korelasyon. Bozok Tıp Derg. 2018;8(3):83-86.
  • 10. Simon JB, Wickham AJ. Blunt chest wall trauma: an overview. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2019;80(12):711-715.
  • 11. Luo L, Yin L, Liu Z, Xiang Z. Posttraumatic pulmonary pseudocyst: computed tomography findings and management in 33 patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73(5):1225-1228.
  • 12. Chon SH, Lee CB, Kim H, Chung WS, Kim YH. Diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts: a review of 12 cases. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;29(5):819-823.
  • 13. Cho HJ, Jeon YB, Ma DS, Lee JN, Chung M. Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts after blunt chest trauma: prevalence, mechanisms of injury, and computed tomography findings. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(3):425-430.
  • 14. Melloni G, Cremona G, Ciriaco P, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts. J Trauma. 2003;54(4):737-743.
  • 15. Athanassiadi K, Gerazounis M, Kalantzi N, et al. Primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts: a rare entity. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003;23(1):43-45.
  • 16. Johnston CB, Dagar M. Osteoporosis in older adults. Med Clin North Am. 2020;104(5):873-884
  • 17. Cangır AK, Sancak T, Ertekin C, et al. Thoracic trauma: analysis of 532 patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2000;6(2):100-105.
  • 18.Soltanpour B, Akhgar A, Jalili M. Chest computed tomography scan alters the management plan in multiple trauma patients with a prior chest X-ray. Chin J Acad Radiol. 2023;6:82-88.

Kot kırıklarının farklı yerleşim yerleri ve tiplerine göre komplikasyon risklerini değerlendirmek ve bilgisayarlı tomografinin rolünü vurgulamak.

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 5, 208 - 215, 30.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1774569

Öz

ÖZET
Amaç: Kot kırıklarının farklı yerleşim yerleri ve tiplerine göre komplikasyon risklerini değerlendirmek ve bilgisayarlı tomografinin (BT) rolünü vurgulamak.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Eylül 2021 ile 31 Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz acil servisinde künt toraks travması nedeniyle toraks BT’si yapılan hastaların verileri geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi ve kot kırığı saptanan 560 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, aksiyel (anterior, posterior, lateral ve çoklu) ve koronal düzlemdeki (üst, orta ve alt) kırık durumları ile intrapulmoner komplikasyon görülme sıklıkları BT ile değerlendirildi. Elde edilen bulgular arasında istatistiksel fark olup olmadığı araştırıldı.

Bulgular: Mann-Whitney U testi sonucunda kadınların yaş ortalamasının erkeklere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu görüldü (p<0.001). Ayrıca, ileri yaş grubunda deplase kırık sıklığı (p=0.22) ve intrapulmoner komplikasyon sıklığı (p<0.001) anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Kot kırıkları aksiyel planda en sık posterior, koronal planda ise en sık orta düzeyde görüldü. Kruskal-Wallis testi ile bu lokalizasyonlarda komplikasyon gelişiminin diğer bölgelere kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0.001).

Tartışma: BT, kot kırığı olan hastalarda hem kırık lokalizasyonunun belirlenmesinde hem de kırığa bağlı komplikasyonların saptanmasında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Çalışma bulgularımız, BT’nin kot kırığı yönetiminde klinik karar verme sürecine dahil edilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi ilaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Dışı Araştırmalar Etik kurulu. Approval number: 2024/5415

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu araştırma kamu, ticari veya kâr amacı gütmeyen sektörlerdeki herhangi bir fon kuruluşundan özel bir hibe almamıştır.

Teşekkür

Yazarlar, veri toplama sürecinde verdikleri destekten dolayı Konya Şehir Hastanesi Radyoloji Bölümü çalışanlarına teşekkürlerini sunarlar.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Martin TJ, Eltorai AS, Dunn R, et al. Clinical management of rib fractures and methods for prevention of pulmonary complications: a review. Injury. 2019;50(6):1159–1165.
  • 2. Ziegler DW, Agarwal NN. The morbidity and mortality of rib fractures. J Trauma. 1994;37(6):975-979.
  • 3. Trupka A, Waydhas C, Hallfeldt K et al. Value of thoracic computed tomography in the first assessment of severely injured patients with blunt chest trauma: results of a prospective study. J Trauma 1997;6(2): 405−443.
  • 4. Zinck SE, Primack SL. Radiographic and CT findings in blunt chest trauma. Journal of Thoracic Imaging. 2000;15(2):87–96.
  • 5. Flagel BT, Luchette FA, Reed RL, et al. Half-a-dozen ribs: the breakpoint for mortality. Surgery. 2005;138(4):717-725.
  • 6.Kim W, Song J, Moon S, et al. Characteristics of rib fracture patients who require chest computed tomography in the emergency department. BMC Emergency Medicine. 2023;23(1):33.
  • 7. Yalçınkaya İ, Aydın Y, Gülcü B, et al. Göğüs travması: 126 olgunun analizi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2000;6(4):288-291.
  • 8. Committee on Trauma. Advanced Trauma Life Support ® (ATLS ®) Student Course Manual. 10th Ed. Chicago: American College of Surgeons; 2018.
  • 9. Serin Hİ, Erkoç MF. Toraks travmalı erişkin hastalardaki kot fraktürü ve hemopnömotoraks arasındaki korelasyon. Bozok Tıp Derg. 2018;8(3):83-86.
  • 10. Simon JB, Wickham AJ. Blunt chest wall trauma: an overview. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2019;80(12):711-715.
  • 11. Luo L, Yin L, Liu Z, Xiang Z. Posttraumatic pulmonary pseudocyst: computed tomography findings and management in 33 patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73(5):1225-1228.
  • 12. Chon SH, Lee CB, Kim H, Chung WS, Kim YH. Diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts: a review of 12 cases. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;29(5):819-823.
  • 13. Cho HJ, Jeon YB, Ma DS, Lee JN, Chung M. Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts after blunt chest trauma: prevalence, mechanisms of injury, and computed tomography findings. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(3):425-430.
  • 14. Melloni G, Cremona G, Ciriaco P, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts. J Trauma. 2003;54(4):737-743.
  • 15. Athanassiadi K, Gerazounis M, Kalantzi N, et al. Primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts: a rare entity. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003;23(1):43-45.
  • 16. Johnston CB, Dagar M. Osteoporosis in older adults. Med Clin North Am. 2020;104(5):873-884
  • 17. Cangır AK, Sancak T, Ertekin C, et al. Thoracic trauma: analysis of 532 patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2000;6(2):100-105.
  • 18.Soltanpour B, Akhgar A, Jalili M. Chest computed tomography scan alters the management plan in multiple trauma patients with a prior chest X-ray. Chin J Acad Radiol. 2023;6:82-88.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Acil Tıp, Radyoloji ve Organ Görüntüleme
Bölüm Orjinal Araştırma
Yazarlar

Zeynep Keskin 0000-0001-6496-8748

Mihrican Yeşildağ 0000-0003-4198-810X

Ömer Özberk 0000-0003-4004-4991

Kemal Ödev 0000-0002-4688-7626

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 27 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

AMA Keskin Z, Yeşildağ M, Özberk Ö, Ödev K. The role of computed tomography in the evaluation of intrapulmonary complications in rib fractures according to their sites and types. Journal of Contemporary Medicine. Eylül 2025;15(5):208-215. doi:10.16899/jcm.1774569