Sosyal Ağlar ve Küresel Göç Dinamiklerinin Etkileşimini Keşfetmek: Mültecilerin Türkiye Üzerinden Yeniden Yerleştirilmesine Bir Odaklanma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, göçmenlerin karar alma süreçlerine ve yeni toplumlara entegrasyonuna ışık tutarak, sosyal ağlar ile uluslararası göç arasındaki etkileşime ilişkin anlayışı geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, kurumsal değişiklikler nedeniyle kendi ülkelerini terk eden ve mülteci statüsü verilen çeşitli milletlerden mültecilerin, özellikle de Türkiye üzerinden yeniden yerleştirilenlerin sosyal ağ örüntülerini incelemektedir. Yöntem: UNHCR Yeniden Yerleşim Veri Bulucu portalından alınan veriler, geçiş sürecine ilişkin içgörü elde etmek için analiz edilmiştir. Analiz için sosyal ağ analizi uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda göç veren ve göç veren ülkeler arasındaki göç trafiğine ilişkin sosyal ağ haritaları hazırlanmış ve bu ülkeler için 2003-2021 yılları arasındaki derece merkezilik parametreleri hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları, Türkiye üzerinden gerçekleşen göç ve yeniden yerleştirmenin, sistemik şoklar olarak adlandırılan, önemli ve büyük etkiye sahip bazı ekonomik ve politik olaylar tarafından yönlendirildiğini ve dürtü karakterine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç ve Katkılar: Bu çalışma, literatürdeki boşlukları doldurmak için çeşitli katkılarda bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, sosyal ağlardaki, özellikle de göç ağlarındaki değişim ve evrim dürtü yaklaşımı ve kurumsal şoklarla açıklanmaktadır. İkinci olarak, sosyal ağ teorisi ve sosyal ağ analizinin göç çalışmalarına yeni bir şekilde entegrasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca göç akışlarının evrim mekanizması sosyal ağ teorisi açısından ifade edilmiş ve sosyal network teorisi yaklaşımları ile kıyaslanmıştır. Sınırlılıklar: Göçmen verileri UHNC veritabanından alındığından göçmenlerin kişisel nedenleri çalışmaya dahil edilememiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası göç
• Kurumsal şok
• Göçü tetikleyen faktörler
• Mültecilerin yeniden yerleştirilmesi
• Sosyal ağ

Exploring the Interplay of Social Networks and Global Migration Dynamics: A Focus on Refugee Resettlement via Turkiye

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to enhance our understanding of the interplay between social networks and international migration, shedding light on migrants' decision-making and integration into new societies. The research examines the social network patterns of refugees from various nationalities who left their home countries due to institutional changes and were granted refugee status, particularly those resettled via Turkiye. Methodology: The data from the UNHCR Resettlement Data Finder portal is analyzed to gain insights into the migration process. For analyses, social network analysis is implemented. As a result of the analyses, social network maps for migration traffic between immigration and emigration countries are prepared and degree centrality parameters for these countries are calculated for the years between 2003 to 2021. Findings: Analysis outcomes indicates that the migration and resettlement occurring through Turkiye has an impulse characteristic and driven by some economic and political events with significant and large effect called systemic shocks. Implications: This study has contributions to the literature and fills some gaps. First, it explains change and evolution in social networks, particularly migration networks with impulse approach and institutional shocks. Second, the integration of social network theory and social network analysis into migration studies in a new way has been performed. Also, evolution mechanism of migration flows has been expressed in terms of and compared to social network theory. Limitations: Since immigrant data were taken from the UHNC database, personal reasons of immigrants could not be included in the study.

Keywords

• International migration
• Institutional shock
• Migration drivers
• Refugee resettlement
• Social network

Kaynakça

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