THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF POLAND EUROPEAN UNION RELATIONS: A REALIGNMENT OR A ROLE CHANGE?

Öz

The EU has imposed on Poland, upon the regulations by the Law and Justice Party, which came to office in 2015, on press freedom, executive influence in the courts, gender policies, and environmental policies. In the study, these regulations are assessed in terms of their practical, legal, and European integration dimensions. This paper analyses Poland’s positive role in the Euro-Atlantic alliance as a ‘regional-subsystem collaborator’ between 1990 and 2015; nonetheless, it identifies this role, which has changed after 2015, as a state focus on her ‘internal development’. In this study, we assess the likelihood of the present role shift that may lead to Polexit low; on the contrary, we argue that the continuance of the Russia-Ukraine crisis will drive Poland to seek a more suitable role with the requirements of the Euro-Atlantic alliance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poland
• role theory
• differentiated integration
• Ukraine-Russia crisis
• Polexit
• the European Union

POLONYA AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ İLİŞKİLERİNİN GERİLME MUKAVEMETİ: YENİDEN ANLAŞMA MI ROL DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ Mİ?

Öz

Avrupa Birliği, 2015 yılında iktidara gelen Hukuk ve Adalet Partisi’nin basın özgürlüğü, yürütmenin yargıya müdahaleleri, cinsiyet politikaları ve çevre politikaları hakkındaki düzenlemeler nedeniyle Polonya’ya çeşitli yaptırımlar uygulamaktadır. Çalışmada, öncelikle bu düzenlemeler pratik, hukuki ve Avrupa entegrasyon boyutları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada 1990-2015 yılları arasında Polonya’nın Euro-Atlantik ittifakındaki olumlu rolü bölgesel alt sistem işbirlikçisi olarak kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Ancak Hukuk ve Adalet Partisi’nin iktidarı ile bu rolün dönüşerek iç gelişmelere odaklı olarak kavramsallaştırılmasının doğru olacağı çalışmanın bir diğer iddiasıdır. Bu rol değişiminin Polexit ile sonuçlanma olasılığının düşük olduğunu savunan çalışma; aksine, Rusya-Ukrayna krizinin seyrinin Polonya’yı Avrupa-Atlantik İttifakı ile daha uyumlu bir rol icra etmeye yönlendirebileceğini savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Polonya
• rol teorisi
• farklılaştırılmış entegrasyon
• Ukrayna-Rusya krizi
• Poleksit
• Avrupa Birliği

Kaynakça

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