The European Parliament, Its Structure and Historical Development in the Union Returning to Fortress Europe Again

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 44 - 70, 17.12.2024

Füsun Özerdem

Öz

The European Parliament (EP) is one of the seven main institutions of the European Union (EU) and, together with the EU Council, is one of the two legislative bodies that adopt European legislation following a proposal from the European Commission. The Parliament consisted of 720 members after the June 2024 European elections and represents the second largest democratic electorate in the world after the Indian Parliament. After the last elections, the European People’s Party Group (EPP), the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D), the Group of Patriots of Europe (PfE), the Group of European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) and Renew Europe emerged as the five largest political groups. While pro-EU centrist, liberal, social democratic and environmentalist parties suffered losses, anti-EU right-wing populist parties gained. This study will try to analyze the approach of the Parliament, which was formed as a result of the last elections, to the reactions of the EU for the next five years, by giving detailed information about the development of the European Parliament and indirectly the EU since the first day it emerged under the name of the Common Assembly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Parliament, Election Results of the European Parliament, Development of the European Parliament

Yeniden Kale Avrupasına Dönen Birlik İçinde Avrupa Parlamentosu, Yapısı ve Tarihsel Gelişimi

Öz

Avrupa Parlamentosu (AP), Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) yedi ana kurumundan biri olup AB Konseyi ile birlikte, Avrupa Komisyonu’nun önerisini takiben Avrupa mevzuatını kabul eden iki yasama organından biridir. Parlamento, Haziran 2024 Avrupa seçimleri sonrasında 720 üyeden oluşmuş olup Hindistan Parlamentosu’ndan sonra dünyanın en büyük ikinci demokratik seçmen kitlesini temsil etmektedir. Son seçimler sonrası, Avrupa Halk Partisi Grubu (EPP), Sosyalist ve Demokratların İlerici İttifakı (S&D), Avrupa Vatanseverler Grubu (PfE), Avrupalı Muhafazakarlar ve Reformistler Grubu (ECR) ve Yeniden Avrupa (Renew Europe) en büyük beş siyasi grup olarak öne çıkarken AB yanlısı merkezci, liberal, sosyal demokrat ve çevreci partiler kayıplar yaşamış, AB karşıtı sağ popülist partiler kazanç elde etmiştir. Bu çalışma Ortak Meclis adı ile ortaya çıktığı ilk günden günümüze Avrupa Parlamentosu ve dolaylı olarak AB’nin gelişimi hakkında detaylı bilgi vererek son seçimler sonucu oluşmuş Parlamento’nun, önümüzdeki beş yıl için AB’nin alacağı reaksiyonlara yaklaşımını analiz etmeye çalışacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Parlamentosu, Avrupa Parlamentosu Seçim Sonuçları, Avrupa Parlamentosu'nun Gelişimi

Kaynakça

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