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FORECASTING CRYPTOCURRENCY VOLUMES WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 , 27 - 46 , 28.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1803960
https://izlik.org/JA84PU84UR

Öz

In this study, 50-day volume forecasts for Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin, and Ripple were conducted using Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines. The root mean square error, mean absolute error, and error autocorrelation at lag 1 were used to compare model performance. Analyses were carried out in R using data from investing.com. Findings indicate that the ANN model provides more accurate predictions for cryptocurrency volumes. According to 50-day forecasts, BTC volume is expected to increase, while BNB volume decreases with the ANN model but increases with the SVM model. For ETH and XRP, the ANN model indicates stable horizontal movements, whereas the SVM model predicts a sharp increase in ETH volume and a decline in XRP volume. Overall, although cryptocurrencies are innovative financial assets, their high volatility poses significant risks, suggesting they are not yet reliable investment instruments.

Etik Beyan

No ethical permission was required for the study.

Destekleyen Kurum

No financial support was received.

Kaynakça

  • Adhikari, R. and Agrawal, R. K. (2012) “Forecasting Strong Seasonal Time Series with Artificial Neural Networks”, Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 71(10), 657-666.
  • Ak, B. (2021) “Nehirlerdeki Akış Miktarının Destek Vektör Makineleri ve Bulanık Mantık Yöntemleri ile Modellenmesi”, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Iskenderun Technical University Graduate Education Institute, İskenderun/ Mersin.
  • Atik, M., Köse, Y., Yılmaz, B. and Sağlam, F. (2015) “Crypto Currency: Bitcoin and Effects on Exchange Rates”, Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6(11), 247-261.
  • Atlan, F. (2019) “Kripto Para Değerlerinin Yapay Zeka Teknikleri ile Tahmini”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Burdur.
  • Awad, M. and Khanna, R. (2015) “Efficient-learning Machines: Theories, Concepts, And Applications for Engineers and System Designers”, Springer Nature.
  • Bakır, E. (2021) “Covıd-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Kripto Para Birimleri ile Ekonomik Göstergeler Arasındaki İlişki”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Balıkesir.
  • Barnes, J. (2015) “Azure Machine Learning: Microsoft Azure Essentials”, Microsoft Press.
  • Bonaccorso, G. (2017) “Machine Learning Algorithms”, Packt Publishing Ltd.
  • Chen, Z., Li, C. and Sun, W. (2020) “Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Machine Learning: An Approach to Sample Dimension Engineering”, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 365, 1-13.
  • Dyhrberg, A. H. (2015) “Bitcoin, Gold and the Dollar – A GARCH Volatility Analysis”, Finance Research Letters, 16, 85-92.
  • Elmas, Ç. (2003) “Yapay Sinir Ağları (Kuram, Mimari, Eğitim, Uygulama)”, Seçkin Yayıncılık. Eyal, I. and Sirer, E. G. (2013) “Majority Is Not Enough: Bitcoin Mining Is Vulnerable”, Communications of the ACM, 61(7), 95-102.
  • Gagarina, M., Nestik, T. and Drobysheva, T. (2019) “Social and Psychological Predictors of Youths’ Attitudes to Cryptocurrency”, Behavioral Sciences, 9(12), 118.
  • Galimberti, E. (2017) “The Tree of Machine Learning Algorithms”, Date of Access: 12.5-2022, https://www.teradata.com/Blogs/The-Tree-of-Machine-Learning-Algorithms.
  • Ji, S., Kim, J. and Im, H. (2019) “A Comparative Study of Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Deep Learning”, Mathematics, 7(10), 898.
  • Kanat, E. and Öget, E. (2018) “Bitcoin ile Türkiye ve G7 Ülke Borsaları Arasındaki Uzun ve Kısa Dönemli İlişkilerin İncelenmesi”, Research of Financial Economic and Social Studies, 3(3), 601-614.
  • Karame, G., Androulaki, E. and Capkun, S. (2012) “Two Bitcoins at The Price of One? Double-Spending Attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin”, 19th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, November 11 – 15, London.
  • Karataş, İ. (2019) “Ulusal ve Küresel Makroekonomik Faktörlerin Gelişen Borsalar Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye ve BRICS Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma”, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Karabük Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Karabük.
  • Kristoufek, L. (2015) “What Are the Main Drivers of The Bitcoin Price? Evidence from Wavelet Coherence Analysis”, Plos One, 10(4), 1-15. Lahmiri, S. and Bekiros, S. (2020) “Intelligent Forecasting with Machine Learning Trading Systems in Chaotic Intraday Bitcoin Market”, Chaos Solitions & Fractals, 133, 1-7.
  • Lewis, N. D. (2017) “Neural Networks for Time Series Forecasting with R”, Copyright N.D. Liu, J. and Serletis, A. (2019) “Volatility in the Cryptocurrency Market”, Open Economies Review, 30, 779-811.
  • Mallqui, D. C. A. and Fernandes R. A. S. (2019) “Predicting the Direction, Maximum, Minimum, and Closing Prices of Daily Bitcoin Exchange Rate Using Machine Learning Techniques”, Applied Soft Computing Journal, 75, 596-606.
  • Mitchell, T. M. (1997) “Machine Learning”, WCB/McGraw-Hill. Moldovan, A., Caatron, A. and Andonie, R. (2020) “Learning in Feedforward Neural Networks Accelerated by Transfer Entropy”, Entropy, 22(102), 1-19.
  • Niculescu-Mizil, A. and Caruana, R. (2005) “Predicting Good Probabilities with Supervised Learning”, In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Machine Learning, August, Bonn.
  • Ömrüuzun, B. (2019) “Yapay Sinir Ağları ile Kripto Paraların Fiyat Modellemesi”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Öztemel, E. (2012) “Yapay Sinir Ağları”, Papatya Yayıncılık. Plohmann, D. and Gerhards-Padilla, E. (2012) “Case Study of The Miner Botnet”, 4th International Conference on Cyber Conflict, 5-8 June, Tallinn.
  • Samuel, A. L. (1959) “Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers, IBM”, Journal of Research and Development, 44(1), 210–229.
  • Sazli, M. H. (2006) “A Brief Review of Feed-Forward Neural Networks”, Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series, 50, 11-17.
  • Sun, L., Liang, F. and Cui, W. (2021) “Artificial Neural Network and Its Application Research Progress in Chemical Process”, Date of Access: 26.06.2022. https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2110/2110.09021.pdf.
  • Thakur, Krishna K. and Banik, D. G. (2018) “Cryptocurrency: Its Risks and Gains and The Way Ahead”, Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(2), 38-42.
  • Turing, A. M. (1950) “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”, Mind, LIX (236), 433–460. URL, (2021) “Basic Transaction Process in Machine Learning”, Date of Access: 26.06.2022. https://www.google.com/search?q=What+are+machine+learning+algorithms&sxsrf=AJOqlzXmDTK73vppnHxc9eDuFOwwvQijGg:1675067237449&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi11abd7-78AhXqR_EDHX0HBEQQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1366&bih=657&dpr=1#imgrc=oV5vJtrXGtQPeM.
  • Valencia, F., Gomez-Espinosa, A. and Valdes-Aguirre B. (2019) “Price Movement Prediction of Cryptocurrencies Using Sentiment Analysis and Machine Learning”, Entropy, 21(6), 1-12.

YAPAY SİNİR AĞLARI VE DESTEK VEKTÖR MAKİNELERİ İLE KRİPTO PARA HACİMLERİNİN TAHMİNİ

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 , 27 - 46 , 28.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1803960
https://izlik.org/JA84PU84UR

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin ve Ripple için 50 günlük hacim tahminleri Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) ve Destek Vektör Makineleri (SVM) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Model performansını karşılaştırmak için kök ortalama karekök hatası, ortalama mutlak hata ve gecikme 1’deki hata oto korelasyonu kullanılmıştır. Analizler investing.com’dan alınan veriler kullanılarak R’de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, YSA modelinin kripto para hacimleri için daha doğru tahminler sağladığını göstermektedir. 50 günlük tahminlere göre BTC hacminin artması beklenirken, BNB hacmi YSA modeliyle azalırken SVM modeliyle artmaktadır. ETH ve XRP için YSA modeli istikrarlı yatay hareketler gösterirken, SVM modeli ETH hacminde keskin bir artış ve XRP hacminde bir düşüş öngörmektedir. Genel olarak, kripto paralar yenilikçi finansal varlıklar olsa da yüksek oynaklıkları önemli riskler oluşturmakta ve henüz güvenilir yatırım araçları olmadıklarını göstermektedir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışma için etik izin alınmasına gerek duyulmamıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Herhangi bir finansal destek alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Adhikari, R. and Agrawal, R. K. (2012) “Forecasting Strong Seasonal Time Series with Artificial Neural Networks”, Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 71(10), 657-666.
  • Ak, B. (2021) “Nehirlerdeki Akış Miktarının Destek Vektör Makineleri ve Bulanık Mantık Yöntemleri ile Modellenmesi”, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Iskenderun Technical University Graduate Education Institute, İskenderun/ Mersin.
  • Atik, M., Köse, Y., Yılmaz, B. and Sağlam, F. (2015) “Crypto Currency: Bitcoin and Effects on Exchange Rates”, Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6(11), 247-261.
  • Atlan, F. (2019) “Kripto Para Değerlerinin Yapay Zeka Teknikleri ile Tahmini”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Burdur.
  • Awad, M. and Khanna, R. (2015) “Efficient-learning Machines: Theories, Concepts, And Applications for Engineers and System Designers”, Springer Nature.
  • Bakır, E. (2021) “Covıd-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Kripto Para Birimleri ile Ekonomik Göstergeler Arasındaki İlişki”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Balıkesir.
  • Barnes, J. (2015) “Azure Machine Learning: Microsoft Azure Essentials”, Microsoft Press.
  • Bonaccorso, G. (2017) “Machine Learning Algorithms”, Packt Publishing Ltd.
  • Chen, Z., Li, C. and Sun, W. (2020) “Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Machine Learning: An Approach to Sample Dimension Engineering”, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 365, 1-13.
  • Dyhrberg, A. H. (2015) “Bitcoin, Gold and the Dollar – A GARCH Volatility Analysis”, Finance Research Letters, 16, 85-92.
  • Elmas, Ç. (2003) “Yapay Sinir Ağları (Kuram, Mimari, Eğitim, Uygulama)”, Seçkin Yayıncılık. Eyal, I. and Sirer, E. G. (2013) “Majority Is Not Enough: Bitcoin Mining Is Vulnerable”, Communications of the ACM, 61(7), 95-102.
  • Gagarina, M., Nestik, T. and Drobysheva, T. (2019) “Social and Psychological Predictors of Youths’ Attitudes to Cryptocurrency”, Behavioral Sciences, 9(12), 118.
  • Galimberti, E. (2017) “The Tree of Machine Learning Algorithms”, Date of Access: 12.5-2022, https://www.teradata.com/Blogs/The-Tree-of-Machine-Learning-Algorithms.
  • Ji, S., Kim, J. and Im, H. (2019) “A Comparative Study of Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Deep Learning”, Mathematics, 7(10), 898.
  • Kanat, E. and Öget, E. (2018) “Bitcoin ile Türkiye ve G7 Ülke Borsaları Arasındaki Uzun ve Kısa Dönemli İlişkilerin İncelenmesi”, Research of Financial Economic and Social Studies, 3(3), 601-614.
  • Karame, G., Androulaki, E. and Capkun, S. (2012) “Two Bitcoins at The Price of One? Double-Spending Attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin”, 19th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, November 11 – 15, London.
  • Karataş, İ. (2019) “Ulusal ve Küresel Makroekonomik Faktörlerin Gelişen Borsalar Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye ve BRICS Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma”, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Karabük Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Karabük.
  • Kristoufek, L. (2015) “What Are the Main Drivers of The Bitcoin Price? Evidence from Wavelet Coherence Analysis”, Plos One, 10(4), 1-15. Lahmiri, S. and Bekiros, S. (2020) “Intelligent Forecasting with Machine Learning Trading Systems in Chaotic Intraday Bitcoin Market”, Chaos Solitions & Fractals, 133, 1-7.
  • Lewis, N. D. (2017) “Neural Networks for Time Series Forecasting with R”, Copyright N.D. Liu, J. and Serletis, A. (2019) “Volatility in the Cryptocurrency Market”, Open Economies Review, 30, 779-811.
  • Mallqui, D. C. A. and Fernandes R. A. S. (2019) “Predicting the Direction, Maximum, Minimum, and Closing Prices of Daily Bitcoin Exchange Rate Using Machine Learning Techniques”, Applied Soft Computing Journal, 75, 596-606.
  • Mitchell, T. M. (1997) “Machine Learning”, WCB/McGraw-Hill. Moldovan, A., Caatron, A. and Andonie, R. (2020) “Learning in Feedforward Neural Networks Accelerated by Transfer Entropy”, Entropy, 22(102), 1-19.
  • Niculescu-Mizil, A. and Caruana, R. (2005) “Predicting Good Probabilities with Supervised Learning”, In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Machine Learning, August, Bonn.
  • Ömrüuzun, B. (2019) “Yapay Sinir Ağları ile Kripto Paraların Fiyat Modellemesi”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Öztemel, E. (2012) “Yapay Sinir Ağları”, Papatya Yayıncılık. Plohmann, D. and Gerhards-Padilla, E. (2012) “Case Study of The Miner Botnet”, 4th International Conference on Cyber Conflict, 5-8 June, Tallinn.
  • Samuel, A. L. (1959) “Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers, IBM”, Journal of Research and Development, 44(1), 210–229.
  • Sazli, M. H. (2006) “A Brief Review of Feed-Forward Neural Networks”, Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series, 50, 11-17.
  • Sun, L., Liang, F. and Cui, W. (2021) “Artificial Neural Network and Its Application Research Progress in Chemical Process”, Date of Access: 26.06.2022. https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2110/2110.09021.pdf.
  • Thakur, Krishna K. and Banik, D. G. (2018) “Cryptocurrency: Its Risks and Gains and The Way Ahead”, Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(2), 38-42.
  • Turing, A. M. (1950) “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”, Mind, LIX (236), 433–460. URL, (2021) “Basic Transaction Process in Machine Learning”, Date of Access: 26.06.2022. https://www.google.com/search?q=What+are+machine+learning+algorithms&sxsrf=AJOqlzXmDTK73vppnHxc9eDuFOwwvQijGg:1675067237449&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi11abd7-78AhXqR_EDHX0HBEQQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1366&bih=657&dpr=1#imgrc=oV5vJtrXGtQPeM.
  • Valencia, F., Gomez-Espinosa, A. and Valdes-Aguirre B. (2019) “Price Movement Prediction of Cryptocurrencies Using Sentiment Analysis and Machine Learning”, Entropy, 21(6), 1-12.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonometrik ve İstatistiksel Yöntemler
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Haitham Nadhim Mohammed 0009-0003-3117-9322

Yıldırım Demir 0000-0002-6350-8122

Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1803960
IZ https://izlik.org/JA84PU84UR
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Mohammed, H. N., & Demir, Y. (2026). FORECASTING CRYPTOCURRENCY VOLUMES WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES. Uygulamalı Ekonomi ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1803960