The Effect of Project-based Collaborative Learning and Social Skills on Learning Outcomes in Biology Learning

Abstract

This research aims to examine the effect of Project-based Collaborative Learning (PBCL) strategy on conceptual understanding and application of biology for students with different social skills. The research design used a quasi-experimental design of a non-equivalent control group. The population in this study was all 11th-grade students at Al-Abidin Surakarta high school. Seventy-five students were taken as the research subjects and divided into two groups, 38 students in the experimental class with PBCL implementation and 37 ones in the control class with Collaborative Learning (CL) strategically. Sampling technique using cluster random sampling. The instruments used a questionnaire of social skills developed by Tapia-Gutierrez & Delgado (2015) and a test instrument of multiple choice and essay for conceptual understanding and concept application. The data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis Of Variance. Based on the results of the research, all significance values 0.00<0.05. The result shows that a significant difference in both strategies PBCL & CL towards either conceptual understanding or concept application exists. In addition, a significant difference in social skills towards either conceptual understanding or concept application appears. The interaction effect between those strategies and social skills towards conceptual understanding and concept application was found.

Keywords

• Project-based Collaborative Learning,Social Skills,Conceptual Understanding,Concept Application

References

1. Avery, Z., Castillo, M., Guo, H., Guo, J., Warter-Perez, N., Won, D. S., & Dong, J. (2010). Implementing Collaborative Project-Based Learning Using The Tablet PC To Enhance Student Learning In Engineering And Computer Science Courses. Proceedings - Frontiers In Education Conference, FIE, 1–7. Https://Doi.Org/10.1109/FIE.2010.5673215
2. Bahar, M. (2003). Misconceptions In Biology Education And Conceptual Change Strategies. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 3(1), 55–64.
3. Baser, D., Ozden, M. Y., & Karaarslan, H. (2017). Collaborative Project-Based Learning : An Integrative Science And Technological Education Project. Research In Science & Technological Education, 5143, 131–148. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/02635143.2016.1274723
4. Chavan, R., & Patankar, P. (2018). Perception Of Biological Concepts Among Higher Secondary Teachers: A Study. Online Submission, 7(23), 144–153.
5. Çimer, A. (2012). What Makes Biology Learning Difficult And Effective: Students’ Views. Educational Research And Reviews, 7(3), 61–71. Https://Doi.Org/10.5897/ERR11.205
6. Cook, K. (2014). A Suggested Project-Based Evolution Unit For High School : Teaching Content Through Application Digitize , Preserve And Extend Access To The American Biology Teacher . All Use Subject To JSTOR Terms And Conditions Approaches With. 71(2), 95–98.
7. Creswell, J. (2009). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publication, Inc.
8. David, A. A. (2018). Using Project-Based Learning To Teach Phylogenetic Reconstruction For Advanced Undergraduate Biology Students: Molluscan Evolution As A Case Study. The American Biology Teacher, 80(4), 278–284. Https://Doi.Org/10.1525/Abt.2018.80.4.278

9. Diki, D. (2013). Creativity For Learning Biology In Higher Education. Lux, 3(1), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.5642/Lux.201303.03
10. Dom, J. A., & Yba, J. (2016). Addiction To Social Networks And Social Skills In Students From A Private Educational Institution. 4(2).
11. Dong, J., & Warter-Perez, N. (2009). Collaborative Project-Based Learning To Enhance Freshman Design Experience In Digital Engineering . Retrieved From Http://Www.Scopus.Com/Inward/Record.Url?Eid=2-S2.0-69249165006&Partnerid=40&Md5=92ab5ac7cd6d9f83152d811828085308
12. Donnelly, R., & Fitzmaurice, M. (2012). Collaborative Project-Based Learning And Problem-Based Learning In Higher Education: A Consideration Of Tutor And Student Role In Learner-Focused Strategies. Uma Ética Para Quantos?, XXXIII(2), 81–87. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S13398-014-0173-7.2
13. Eilks, I., & Markic, S. (2011). Effects Of A Long-Term Participatory Action Research Project On Science Teachers ’. 7(3), 149–160.
14. Feitosa, F. B. (2012). Social Skills And Academic Achievement : The Mediating Function Of Cognitive Competence Habilidades Sociais E Rendimento Acadêmico : A Função Mediadora Da Competência Cognitiva Habilidades Sociales Y Rendimiento Académico : La Función Mediadora De La Comp. 20(1), 61–70.
15. Garrote, A. (2017). The Relationship Between Social Participation And Social Skills Of Pupils With An Intellectual Disability : A Study In Inclusive Classrooms. 1–15.
16. Henno, I., & Reiska, P. (2008). Using Concept Mapping As Assessment Tool In School Biology. Proceedings Of The 3rd International Conference On Concept Mapping., 3(1), 86–95.
17. Holmes, V. L., & Hwang, Y. (2016). Exploring The Effects Of Project-Based Learning In Secondary Mathematics Education. Journal Of Educational Research. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/00220671.2014.979911
18. Hutchins, N. S., Burke, M. D., Hatton, H., & Bowman-Perrott, L. (2016). Social Skills Interventions For Students With Challenging Behavior. Remedial And Special Education, 38(1), 13–27. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/0741932516646080
19. Hyder, S. I., & Bhamani, S. (2017). Bloom’s Taxonomy (Cognitive Domain) In Higher Education Settings: Reflection Brief. (December 2016). Https://Doi.Org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14634.62406
20. J. Ellis, T., & Hafner, W. (2017). Building A Framework To Support Project-Based Collaborative Learning Experiences In An Asynchronous Learning Network. Interdisciplinary Journal Of E-Skills And Lifelong Learning, 4, 167–190. Https://Doi.Org/10.28945/373
21. Jeremi C, Z., Jovanovi C, J., Vsevi C, D., & Hatala, M. (2009). Project-Based Collaborative Learning Environment With Context-Aware Educational Services. Proceedings, 441–446.
22. Kai, S., Chu, W., Zhang, Y., Chen, K., Keung, C., Wing, C., … Lau, W. (2017). Internet And Higher Education The Effectiveness Of Wikis For Project-Based Learning In Different Disciplines In Higher Education. The Internet And Higher Education, 33, 49–60. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Iheduc.2017.01.005
23. Kapp, E., & Kapp, E. (2016). Improving Student Teamwork In A Collaborative Project – Based Course. 7555(April). Https://Doi.Org/10.3200/Ctch.57.3.139-143
24. Karagöz, M., & Çakir, M. (2011). Problem Solving In Genetics: Conceptual And Procedural Difficulties. Kuram Ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri, 11(3), 1668–1674.
25. Karateke, B. (2017). Social Skills Training In Potentially Gifted Children. Journal For The Education Of Gifted Young Scientists, 5(3), 90–104. Https://Doi.Org/10.17478/JEGYS.2017.66
26. Karimzadeh, N. (2015). Investigating The Relationship Between Internet Addiction And Strengthening Students ’ Social Skills. 10(15), 2146–2152. Https://Doi.Org/10.5897/ERR2015.2338
27. King, D., & Henderson, S. (2018). Context-Based Learning In The Middle Years : Achieving Resonance Between The Real-World Field And Environmental Science Concepts. International Journal Of Science Education, 0(0), 1–18. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/09500693.2018.1470352
28. Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Improving Schools Project-Based Learning : A Review Of The Literature. 1–11. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1365480216659733
29. Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision Of Bloom’s Taxonomy Of Educational Objectives : An Overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212. Https://Doi.Org/10.1207/S15430421tip4104_2
30. Lee, D., Huh, Y., & Reigeluth, C. M. (2015). Collaboration, Intragroup Conflict, And Social Skills In Project-Based Learning. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S11251-015-9348-7
31. Lestari, P., Ristanto, R. H., & Miarsyah, M. (2019). Analysis Of Conceptual Understanding Of Botany And Metacognitive Skill In Pre-Service Biology Teacher In Indonesia. 7(June), 199–214.
32. Miller, M. A., Fenty, N., Scott, T. M., & Park, K. L. (2011). An Examination Of Social Skills Instruction In The Context Of Small-Group Reading. Remedial And Special Education, 32(5), 371–381. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/0741932510362240
33. Norman, K., & Combs-Richardson, R. (2001). Emotional Intelligence And Social Skills: Necessary Components Of Hands-On Learning In Science Classes. Journal Of Elementary Science Education, 13(2), 1–7. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/BF03176215
34. Redes, A. (2016). Collaborative Learning And Teaching In Practice. Journal Plus Education XVI, XVI, 334–346. Retrieved From Www.Uav.Ro/Jour/Index.Php/Jpe/Article/Download/750/815
35. Setyosari, P. (2016). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pengembangan. Jakarta: Kencana.
36. Shadiev, R., Hwang, W. Y., & Huang, Y. M. (2015). A Pilot Study: Facilitating Cross-Cultural Understanding With Project-Based Collaborative Learning In An Online Environment. Australasian Journal Of Educational Technology, 31(2), 123–139.
37. Susilowati, D., Degeng, I. N. S., Setyosari, P., & Ulfa, S. (2019). Effect Of Collaborative Problem Solving Assisted By Advance Organisers And Cognitive Style On Learning Outcomes In Computer Programming. 17(1), 35–41.
38. Tapia-Gutierrez, C. P., & Delgado, S. C.-. (2015). Design Of An Instrument To Assess Social Skills In Teacher Training Programs. Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences, 197(February), 1074–1078. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Sbspro.2015.07.342
39. Varanelli, A., Ed, D., Baugher, D., Ph, D., Hall, J., & Ph, D. (2001). A Problem-Based, Collaborative Learning Approach To Distance Education At The MBA Level : E . MBA @ PACE. 36–44.
40. Vidyapith, B., Vidyapith, B., & Delhi, N. (2016). Social Skills : Their Impact On Academic Achievement And Introduction : What are Social Skills ? 219–224.