An Ecological Approach to Urban Aquatic Ecosystems: Evaluating the Use of Yeşilırmak Delta Macrophytes in Artificial Floating Islands

Öz

Growing concerns about the impacts of water pollution and the need for sustainable development have led to the exploration of various approaches to reduce nutrient enrichment, particularly in surface waters. Floating islands offer ecological solutions for reducing nutrient depletion in aquatic ecosystems, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, metal(oids), organic pollutants such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, and current pollutants such as nano/microplastics. Selected macrophyte species in these systems contribute to water quality improvement by supporting physical filtration, biodegradation, and microbial activity in the root-rhizome zones. They also increase biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. This study provides a general assessment of the concept, structure, and functions of natural and artificial floating islands, and presents examples of local aquatic plant species common in the region, which can be used in artificial floating islands within urban water systems in the Black Sea Region. Floating islands, home to aquatic plants (macrophytes) that play crucial roles in freshwater ecosystems, improve the ecological status of the water and offer potential advantages for a variety of applications, including wastewater and rainwater treatment. This article explores the potential of vejetated floating islands to enhance and improve the environment, addressing water pollution, one of the most pressing environmental problems, using an ecological approach.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biological Treatment
• Macrophytes
• Constructed Floating Wetlands
• Water Management
• Floating Island

Kentiçi Sucul Ekosistemlerde Ekolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Yapay Yüzen Adalarda Yeşilırmak Deltası Makrofitlerinin Kullanımının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Su kirliliğinin etkilerine ilişkin artan endişeler ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma ihtiyacı, özellikle yüzey sularındaki besin zenginleşmesini azaltmak için çeşitli yaklaşımların araştırılmasına yol açmıştır. Yüzen adalar, sucul ekosistemlerde azot, fosfor gibi besin elementlerinin, metal(oid)lerin, pestisit, farmasötik gibi organik kirleticilerin ve nano/mikroplastikler gibi güncel pollutantların azaltılmasında ekolojik çözümler sunar. Bu sistemlerde seçilen makrofit türleri, kök-rizom bölgelerinde fiziksel filtrasyon, biyolojik parçalanma ve mikrobiyal aktiviteyi destekleyerek su kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlar. Aynı zamanda sucul ekosistemde biyolojik çeşitliliği artırır. Bu araştırmada, doğal ve yapay yüzen ada kavramı, yapısı ve işlevleri hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılıp, Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki kent içi su sistemlerinde kurulabilecek yapay yüzen adalarda bölgemizde yaygın bulunan yerel sucul bitki türlerinden örnekler sunularak değerlendirilmiştir. Tatlı su ekosistemlerinde çok önemli işlevleri olan sucul bitkilerin (makrofitler) bulunduğu yüzen adalar, suyun ekolojik durumunu iyileştirirken, atık su ve yağmur suyu arıtımını da içeren çeşitli uygulamalar için potansiyel avantajlara sahiptir. Bu makale en önemli çevre sorunlarının başında gelen su kirliliğini ekolojik bir yaklaşımla çözmek için bitki örtülü yüzen adaların çevreyi iyileştirme ve geliştirme potansiyelini gündeme getirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyolojik Arıtım
• Makrofitler
• İnşa Edilmiş Yüzen Sulak Alanlar
• Su Yönetimi
• Yüzen Ada

Kaynakça

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