Investigation of Sediment Records of Kulakçayiri Lake (Istanbul)

Yıl 2021, , 135 - 142, 31.12.2021

Erol Kam , Zeki Ünal Yümün , Gülderen Açıkgöz , Melike Önce

https://doi.org/10.30931/jetas.949849

Öz

In this study, the date of the Holocene sediments of Kulakçayırı Lake was determined and the sedimentation rates were calculated. The determined sedimentation rates provide important clues about the climatic and ecological characteristics of the study area. Especially in aquatic environments, it is important to date sediment processes in order to monitor the time-dependent changes in the pollution processes of sediments. In this context, radiocarbon (14C) analysis was performed in order to date the sediments. Liquid scintillation spectrometry was used to find the radioactivity of the 14C isotope. Three drilling samples were taken from the study area (Kulakçayırı Lake / Istanbul) for 14C analysis. According to the results of 14C analysis of the samples taken; Sediment deposition in SK-1 sample took place in 5599 years, in SK-2 in 7596 years and in SK-3 in 8060 years. Sedimentation rates are; SK-1> SK-2> SK-3. From the data obtained, it was observed that the sedimentation rate has different rates at different points of the lake. There is no stream bringing material to the lake. Therefore, it can be said that a slow storage dominates the lake in general.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kulakçayırı, 14C, Kulakçayırı, sediment, dating, radiocarbon, 14C, Istanbul

Kaynakça

• [1] Kılıç Karlıoğlu N., Yılmaz Dağdeviren R., Acar D., Küçükdemirci M., Makaroğlu Ö., Karaöz M. Ö., Şahin Altun D., Tutar A., Horuz A., Gürel A., Islam Z. and Çağatay M. N., “Paleovegetation studies based on fossil pollen analysis in Akgöl (Sakarya): Preliminary findings”, Journal of Geography 40, (2020).
• [2] Senkul, C., Kalıpçı, E., “A new paleoecological evaluation from Southwest Anatolia: Late Holocene paleovegetation changes and climate relations of Lake Karataş and its surroundings”, Geography Magazine 38 (2019) : 35-47.
• [3] Erdogan, B., Tanindi O., “The archaeological settlements of Turkey 14C database”, Aegean Publications, Istanbul, (2004).
• [4] Yümün, Z.U., Meriç, E., Avşar, N., Nazik, A., Barut, IF, Yokeş, B., Sagular, EK, Yıldız, A., Eryılmaz, M., Kam, E., Başsarı, A., Sonuvar, B., Dinçer, F., Baykal, K., Kaya, S., “Meiofauna, Microflora And geochemical properties of the late quaternary (Holocene) core sediments in the Gulf of Izmir (Eastern Aegean Sea, Turkey)”, Journal of African Earth Sciences – Elsevier 124 (2016) : 383-408.
• [5] Yümün Z., Ü., “The effect of heavy metal pollution on foraminifera in the Western Marmara Sea (Turkey)”, Journal of African Earth Science 129, (2017) : 346-365.
• [6] Yümün Z.Ü. and Once M., “Monitoring heavy metal pollution in foraminifera from the Gulf of Edremit (northeastern Aegean Sea) between Izmir, Balıkesir and Çanakkale (Turkey)”, Journal of African Earth Science 130 (2017) :110-124.
• [7] Akçer Ön S., “Climate changes due to solar effect in little ice age: Köyceğiz Lake sediment records (SW Anatolia)”, Geological Bulletin of Turkey, 60 (2017) : 569-588.
• [8] Bondevik S., Birks H.H., Gulliksen S., Mangerud J., “Late Weichselian Marine 14C reservoir ages at the Western Coast of Norway”, Quaternary Research 52 (1998) : 104--114.
• [9] Güngör E. and Çağatay M. N., “Sudden environmental changes in the Black Sea in the last 3000 years”, ITU Journal of Engineering 5 (4) (2006) : 23-33.
• [10] Kam E., Yümün Z.Ü., Once M., Açıkgöz G., “Gamma dose rate values in The Kulakçayiri natural lake and the vicinity (Arnavutköy, Istanbul)”, Journal of Engineering technology and Applied Sciences 1 (1) (2016) : 29-33.
• [11] Canpolat Ö., Eris K. K., Akkoyun E. Ö., “Determining the concentration level of some elements caused by geological period in the sediments of lake Hazar”, Turkısh Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8 (4), (2020) : 1001-1011.
• [12] Yümün Mühendislik Limited Company, “Geological-geotechnical investigation of Istanbul Third Airport lakes”, (Unpublished), (2013).
• [13] Kam E., Yümün Z.Ü., Açıkgöz G. “Concentrations of environmental radioactivity in sediment cores from Kulakçayiri Lake”, Frontiers in Enviromental Mucrobiology (2017).
• [14] Appleby P.G., “Three decades of dating recent sediments by fallout radionuclides: a review", Holocene 18 (1), (2008) : 83-93.
• [15] Karlioglu Kilic, N., Yilmaz Dagdeviren, R., Acar, D., Kücükdemirci, M., Makaroglu, Ö., Karaoz, M. Ö., Çagatay, M. N., “Paleovegetation studies based on fossil pollen analysis in Akgöl (Sakarya): First findings”, Journal of Geography (2020), DOI :10.26650/JGEOG2019-0021.
• [16] Eriş K. K, Arslan T. N., Sabuncu A., “Influences of climate and tectonic on the middle to late holocene deltaic sedimentation in Lake Hazar”, Eastern Turkey, Arabian J. for Sci. Eng 43 (2017) : 3685-3697.
• [17] Kayan İ., Öner E., Doğan M., İlhan R., “Paleogeographic research and geoarchaeological evaluations in Aphrodisiad wetland”, Aegean Journal of Geography 28 (1), (2019).
• [18] Canpolat Ö., Eriş K. K., Akkoyun E. Ö., “Determinin the concentration level of some elements caused by geological period in the sediments of Lake Hazar”, Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology 8(4) (2020) :1001-1011.
• [19] De Oliveira, S. M. B., Carlos, L., Pessenda, R., Favaro, D. I. T., Babinski, M., “A 2400-year record of trace metal loading in lake sediments of Lagoa Vermelha, southeastern Brazil”, Journal of South American Earth Sciences 5-6. (2012).
• [20] Alak A. And Sümer Ö. “New findings regarding the presence of the Anthropocene in current sediments on the Marmara and Black Sea coasts”, Turkish Geology Bulletin 60(2) (2017).
• [21] Ön Akçer S. “Climate changes due to the effect of the sun in the little ice age: Köyceğiz Lake Sediment Records (SW Anatolia)”. Turkish Geology Bulletin 60 (4) (2017): 569-588.
• [22] Çağatay, M.N., Güngör, N., Yılmaz, Y.Z., Sarı E., “Rapid changes in the ecological conditions of the Black Sea over the last 3kyr: Evidence from sediment geochemistry“ In: Özerler, M. and Sayın, E. (eds.), The Role of Marine Studies in Ecosystems, Ecosystem 2003, Izmir, Turkey, (2005) : 85-96.
• [23] Barka, A. A., Sakınç, M., Yaltırak, C. “Geology and geophysics of the Sea of Marmara, geology of the Turkish Seas and surrounding areas” (Ed. N. Görür), (1999) :131- 210.
• [24] Çağatay, M. N., Algan, O., Sakınç, M., Eastoe, C. J., Egesel, L., Balkis, N., Ongan, D. and Caner, H., “A mid-late Holocene sapropelic sediment unit from the southern Marmara sea shelf and its palaeoceanographic significance”, Quaternary Science Reviews 18 (1999) : 531-540.
• [25] Tolun, L. Çağatay, M. N., Carrigan, W. J., “Organic geochemistry and origin of Late Glacial-Holocene sapropelic layers and associated sediments in Marmara Sea”, Marine Geology, 190, (2002) : 47-60.
• [26] Meydan A. F., Örçen S., “Physiographic variation of sedimentation rate in Lake Van, Eastern Anatolia/Turkey”, Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science 8(3), (2019): 1086-1093.